RMF7RGH5–A leafy liverwort, Bifid Crestwort, Lophocolea bidentata on Exmoor.
RMBFBT33–Greater whipwort, Bazzania trilobata
RMANHA4E–Porella a liverwort Photomacrography of a leafy liverwort
RF2B7MXH2–Western Earwort (Scapania gracilis), a leafy liverwort growing on a boulder in an Oakwood in the Peak District National Park, England
RM2HW0B6W–A cluster of green, leafy liverworts growing on a rough barked tree trunk on the banks of Peterson Creek in Yungaburra, Queensland in Australia.
RM2DD28RX–Marchantia, Common Liverwort, North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMBKJ1Y2–A mass of leafy Liverworts, Wales, UK.
RMAPEC7K–Leafy liverwort, Bazzania trilobata
RMB6EG5X–Greater featherwort Plagiochila asplenioides a leafy liverwort in woodland UK
RF2JH7Y6X–Close-up of a greenish Trichocolea tomentella growing in an old-growth boreal forest in Estonia, Northern Europe
RMBDR0PX–Coral-spot Fungus (Nectria cinnabarina) & Liverwort (Pellia epiphylla) on Crab Apple
RF2X1822P–Liverworts on foliage, Hepatica nobilis, leafy heath, Bad Duerrheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
RF2WGD48G–Plagiochila asplenioides (Greater Featherwort) is a liverwort found on damp turf in sheltered woodland. Mostly recorded in the Northern Hemisphere.
RF2CTJGM5–Liverwort Picture taken at Icchegaon, Kalimpong, West Bengal, India
RF2WJCBW7–Tritomaria quinquedentata (Lyon’s Notchwort) is a liverwort found, forexample,on mossy slopes in woodlands. It is confined to the Northern Hemisphere.
RF2GYEDA9–Liverwort Picture taken at Icchegaon, Kalimpong, West Bengal, India
RF2E451H3–The Ecology and Diversity of a New Zealand Tree
RFT5YY25–Leafy Liverwort is flowerless and simple plant. It is a group of non-vascular plants, vintage line drawing or engraving illustration.
RMBGKYHW–Bright orange fruiting bodies of a slime mold, Trichia sp., possibly T. decipiens.
RF2M60W5G–A close-up of Tree fringewort growing on a decaying wood in an old-growth forest in Estonia, Northern Europe
RMBFBT3H–Greater whipwort, Bazzania trilobata
RF2PKJJH9–hepatica - purple flower in early spring in the forest in Poland
RMBFBTJT–Lophocolea bidentata
RF2GP3MDR–Moss Acromastigum colensoanum. Fiordland National Park. Southland. South Island. New Zealand.
RMBFBW1N–Spiny featherwort, Plagiochyla spinulosa
RMBKMMYP–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMBFBW6H–Western Earwort, Scapania gracilis
RMBK85NJ–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMB6E82T–Greater featherwort Plagiochila asplenioides a leafy liverwort in woodland UK
RMBDPRGN–Coral-spot Fungus (Nectria cinnabarina) & Liverwort (Pellia epiphylla) on Crab Apple
RF2X1822W–Liverworts on foliage, Hepatica nobilis, leafy heath, Bad Duerrheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
RMBFBW12–Spotty Featherwort, Plagiochyla punctata
RMBK7FM4–Water earwort (Scapania undulata), a leafy liverwort, in a bog, UK.
RF2WJCBW5–Tritomaria quinquedentata (Lyon’s Notchwort) is a liverwort found, forexample,on mossy slopes in woodlands. It is confined to the Northern Hemisphere.
RMBK6TB8–Water earwort (Scapania undulata), a leafy liverwort, in a moorland stream, UK.
RF2WNXEDK–Solenostoma gracillimum (Crenulated Flapwort) is a liverwort found on base-poor soil and paths. It's widespread in the Northern Hemisphere.
RMB6C3EH–Ciliated fringewort Ptilidium ciliare a leafy liverwort on moorland UK
RF2WKMDM3–The liverwort Plagiochila porelloides occurs on woodland banks, streamsides and slopes in uplands. It is widespread in Northern Hemisphere.
RF2M60W71–A close-up of Tree fringewort growing on a decaying wood in an old-growth forest in Estonia, Northern Europe
RF2X2N15C–Frullania dilatata (Dilated Scalewort) is common on trees and rocks. It has been recorded in Asia, Europe, N. America, S. America and Africa.
RF2WXTA8B–hepatica - purple flower in early spring in the forest, Poland
RF2WP4HEW–Frullania dilatata (Dilated Scalewort) is common on trees and rocks. It has been recorded in Asia, Europe, N. America, S. America and Africa.
RF2E5A9XY–Moss Acromastigum colensoanum. Fiordland National Park. Southland. South Island. New Zealand.
RF2WYR989–Diplophyllum albicans (White Earwort) can be found on acid soil, peat and boulders. It is native to Eurasia and Northern America.
RF2H8H4BY–Macro photo of a tree bark overgrown with leafy lichen
RMG57040–Bifid Crestwort (Lophocolea bidentata) Exmoor N.P., Somerset, England, October
RMBK85GM–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMRE2G06–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. 212 STRUCTURE AND LIFE HISTORIES ANTHOCEROS 194. The Gainetoph3^e.—One of the most important groups is the genus Anthoceros, including several different kinds or species. The plant body, or thallus (Fig. 156), is roughly circulai* or semicircular, with numerous rhizoids growing from the ventral surface. It increases in size at numerous growing points on the margin of the thallus, and. Fig. 155.—a leafy liverwort {Porella navicularis). Female plant, about natural size. (After M. A. Howe.) is green from the presence of chlorophyll in the cells. There is only one
RMBDR0PB–Coral-spot Fungus (Nectria cinnabarina) & Liverwort (Pellia epiphylla) on Crab Apple
RF2X1TXBF–Liverworts on foliage, Hepatica nobilis, leafy heath, Bad Duerrheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
RMBFBTXK–Petty Featherwort, Plagiochyla exigua
RMPG2RDE–. Heredity and evolution in plants. Heredity; Plants. 128 HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION IN PLANTS monocotyledony seems the simpler, more primitive condi- tion, it is really a later phenomenon, the monocotyledons being derived from the dicotyledons by simplification.^ As a further example there may be cited the application of the method of comparative anatomy to solve the problem. Fig. 65.—Progressive sterilization of tissue in sporophytes. a, Riccia trickocarpa (mature); b, Marchantia polymorpha (embryo); c, Marchantia (mature); d, Porrella, a leafy liverwort (mature); e, anthoceros; /, Lyca- podium
RMMA72K0–. Elementary botany . Fig. 192. Fruiting plant of a foliose liver- pjg jg. wort (jungermannia). Leafy part is the gametophyte ; stalk and cap- Four spores from Elaters, at left showing the two sule is the sporophyte (sporogonium mother cell held in spiral marks, at right a branched in the bryophytes). a group. elater. Figs. 193-196.—Sporogonium of liverwort (jungermannia) opening by splitting into four parts, showing details of elaters and spores.
RMRYT7HN–Elementary botany (1898) Elementary botany . elementarybotany00atki Year: 1898 Fig. 192. Fruiting plant of a foliose liver- pjg jg. wort (jungermannia). Leafy part is the gametophyte ; stalk and cap- Four spores from Elaters, at left showing the two sule is the sporophyte (sporogonium mother cell held in spiral marks, at right a branched in the bryophytes). a group. elater. Figs. 193-196.—Sporogonium of liverwort (jungermannia) opening by splitting into four parts, showing details of elaters and spores.
RMBK7FNN–Notched rustwort (Marsupella emarginata), a leafy liverwort, on moorland, UK.
RMB6BX06–Wall scalewort Porella platyphylla a leafy liverwort UK
RMBK6TF9–Wood-rust (Nowellia curvifolia), a leafy liverwort on a rotten log, UK.
RF2PH5BH3–hepatica - purple flowers in early spring in the forest in Poland
RMB6E83H–Tamarisk scalewort Frullania tamarisci a leafy liverwort on rock UK
RMB7HFYP–Greater whipwort Bazzania trilobata a leafy liverwort in an oak wood UK
RF2H8H4BJ–Macro photo of a wet tree bark overgrown with leafy lichen
RMBK85GW–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMRDG14R–. Heredity and evolution in plants. Heredity; Plants. 128 HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION IN PLANTS monocotyledony seems the simpler, more primitive condi- tion, it is really a later phenomenon, the monocotyledons being derived from the dicotyledons by simplification.^ As a further example there may be cited the application of the method of comparative anatomy to solve the problem. Fig. 65.—Progressive sterilization of tissue in sporophytes. a, Riccia trickocarpa (mature); b, Marchantia polymorpha (embryo); c, Marchantia (mature); d, Porrella, a leafy liverwort (mature); e, anthoceros; /, Lyca- podium
RF2CB87YC–Marchantia, Common Liverwort, North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RF2X1TXB6–Liverworts on foliage, Hepatica nobilis, leafy heath, Bad Duerrheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
RMBK85K8–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMPG414T–. The essentials of botany. Botany. Fi». 101.—I, a thalloid LiTerwort; Band C, showing bud-cups, natural size; D, enlarged to show breathing-pores. i7, a leafy-stemmed laverwort; a, unnpe, and 6, ripened and split, spore-fruit. the leaves, however, have no midrib or other veins, and consist of a single layer of cells. The development of the stem is always from a single apical cell, which repeatedly divides. 387. The asexual reproduction of Liverworts takes place by means of peculiar bodies, the bads (or gemmae) so fre- quently to be seen in the Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha). In the
RMRDWPFX–. An introduction to the structure and reproduction of plants. Plant anatomy; Plants. STRUCTURE OF LIVERWORTS 271 often mainly from the region of the midrib ; these rhizoids also function as organs of attachment. The underside of the thallus, in many Liverworts, also bears one or more rows of fiat overlapping scales (Fig. 149, s.), which are one cell thick, and not uncommonly purphsh in colour. Some forms {e.g. Marchantia) exhibit, m the axils of these scales,. XI5 Fig. 147.—A leafy Liverwort (Cephalozia bicuspidata). A, Portion of a plant. B, Sporogonium showing capsule (c.) before dehiscence
RF2X1TXAW–Liverworts on foliage, Hepatica nobilis, leafy heath, Bad Duerrheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
RMBK86DD–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMBFBW76–Grove Earwort, Scapania nemorea
RMRE2G0C–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. LIFE HISTORY OP A LIVERWORT 211 In the first two and last of these orders the plant body is a thallus, either closely resembling the prothallus of the ferns, or freely branching. In the third order the plant. Fig. 154.—A leafy liverwort {fordla namcularis). Male plant, about natural size. (After M. A. Howe.) body is leafy (foliose), and in this respect somewhat re- sembles certain true mosses, for which it is often mis- taken (Figs. 154 and 155). In the first two and last orders the thallus always shows dorso-ventral differentiation.. Please note that these im
RMBK8NJ6–Liverworts (Marchantia), E North America, by Dembinsky Photo Assoc
RMRE3AT8–. Practical botany. Botany. Fig. 226. A leafy liverwort (Frullania) At ^1 is a plant about natural size as it appears growing upon a piece of maple bark ; at £ is an enlarged piece of the same plant, showing its leaves, rhizoids, and the peculiar stalked spore-capsule. Modified after Kemer 253. Other liverworts. There are many kinds of liver-worts and they are world-wide in distribution. They are usually found in damp and shady places. A few species live in the water. In the moist tropics they may be found upon the trunks or even the leaves of trees. The liverworts may have flat dorsiventral b
RM2AJCT24–Elementary botany . Fig. 270.Thallus of a thalloid liverwort (blasia) showing lobedmargin of the frond, intermediate between thalloid andfoliose plant. 499. Sporogonium of a foliose liverwort.—The sporogoniumof the leafy-stemmed liverworts is well represented by that ofseveral genera. We may take for this study the one illustrated 238 MORPHOLOG Y. in fig. 274, but another will serve the purpose just as-well. Wenote here that it consists of a rounded capsule borne aloft on along stalk, the stalk being much longer proportionately than inmarchantia. At maturity the capsule splits down into four.
RM2AJCR3F–Elementary botany . Fig. 274- Fruiting plant of a foliose liver- ¥is. 277. Fig. 278.wort (jungermannia). Leafy part is the gametophyte ; stalk and cap- Four spores from Elaters, at left showing the two sule is the sporophyte (sporogonium mother cell held in spiral marks, at right a branched in the bryophytes). a group. elater. Figs. 275-278.—Sporogonium of liverwort (jungermannia) opening by splitting into fourparts, showing details of elaters and spores. 240 MORPHOLOGY. The Horned Liverworts.* 501. The horned liverworts take their name from the shape of the spo-rogonium. This is long, slender
RMRDPRCY–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. 132 PLANT STKDCTUKES Under certain other conditions prothallia are observed to sprout directly from the leafy sporophyte instead of from a spore. This is called apospory, meaning " without a spore." 78. The gametophyte.—The prothallium, like a simple liverwort, is a dorsiventral body, and puts out numerous. Fig. 112. Stag-horn fern {Platycerium grande), an epiphytic tropical form, showing the two forme of leaves : a and 6, young sterile leaves ; c, leaves bearing spo- rangia ; d, an old sterile leaf.—Caldwell. rhizoids from its ventral surface
RMRDYFKE–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 114 MORPHOLOGY. ing in function the suppressed seta. It is formed by the elongation of the axis of the leafy branch beneath the sporophyte, and as it bears the capsule at its summit, it resembles an ordinary elongated seta (fig. 250). Of course the foot of the sporophyte is embedded in its tip. Conclusions.—The Sphagnales present a remarkable mixture of liverwort and moss characters. The simple thallus body of the gametopT]jte.iSaembies that of the anacrog3mous Jungermanniales; the^ecial leafy sFx^^^BrancKes su^est^the aLi'Ogyaou
RMRE3AT4–. Practical botany. Botany. 272 PKACTIGAL BOTAJSTY the leafy liverworts from some of the mosses except when the sporophytes are present. In one group of liverworts, of which the horned liverwort (^Anthocerog) is the commonest represent- ative, the gametophyte is strikingly simple and the sporophyte equally striking in its complexity (Fig. 227). This plant is widely distributed upon damp rocks, banks of streams, and often in open meadows. The gametophyte is small and extremely thin. The simple antheridia and archegonia are embedded in the gametophyte. After the oospore is formed, it germi- nate
RMRE1F0R–. The elements of structural botany with special reference to the study of Canadian plants ... Plant physiology; Plant anatomy. KXAMINATION OP A LIVERWORT. 195 Pi-etty much as in the Mosses, though in Marchantia the stalk of the capsule is very short, and the whole is surrounded by a loose sheath which grows up from the base and at length completely encloses it. The spores on germinating develope into plant-bodies such as we have described, so that the alternation of generations is here also well marked. 344. Other Liverworts more nearly resemble the Mosses in form, having leafy -stems, from t
RMRDTWBW–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. loi PLANT STEUCTUEES ous part of the higher plants. The " fern plant," and the herhs, shrubs, and trees among " flowering plants" correspond to the sporogonium of Bryophytes, and not to the leafy branch (gametophore) or "moss plant." Conse- quently the evolution of the sporogonium through the Bryophytes is traced with a great deal of interest. It may be outlined as follows : In a liverwort called Riccia the simplest sporogonium is found. It is a globular capsule, without seta or foot. Fig. 86, Diagrammatic sections of eporo
RMRD2FAH–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 192. Fruiting plant of a foliose liver- pjg jg. wort (jungermannia). Leafy part is the gametophyte ; stalk and cap- Four spores from Elaters, at left showing the two sule is the sporophyte (sporogonium mother cell held in spiral marks, at right a branched in the bryophytes). a group. elater. Figs. 193-196.—Sporogonium of liverwort (jungermannia) opening by splitting into four parts, showing details of elaters and spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and
RMRDYFNM–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. BRYOPHYTES III istic of the swampy regions of higher latitudes, where they often fill up bogs and form peat, whence they are often called peat mosses. Gametophyte. — The gametophyte begins as a filament (fig. 242), and then by means of an apical cell with two cutting faces develops as a simple fiat thallus with rhizoids (fig. 243), just as in the simpler liverworts. The moss character appears in the development from this liverwort- like thallus of an upright leafy branch (fig. 243). This radial leafy branch, from a dorsiventral b
RMRE292J–. Botany all the year round; a practical text-book for schools. Botany. except for their color, met with everywhere on wet rocks and banks around shady water courses. Mosses are one of the best de- fined of botanical orders, and are too well known to need further specification here. Bryophytes form a connect- ing link, or rath- 475. — Scapania, a liverwort gj- g. chain of with leafy thallus, approaching . the form of mosses and lyco- Connecting links podiums (from COULTER'S between the next " Plant Structures "). group, pterido- phytes, and thallophytes. The liverworts represent the
RMRDWG09–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 194. Capsule parted down to the stalk.. tig. 192. Fruiting plant of a foliose liver- p[g IOe wort (jungermannia). Leafy part is the gametophyte ; stalk and cap- Four spores from Elaters, at left showing the two sule is the sporophyte (sporogonium mother cell held in spiral marks, at right a branched in the bryophytes). a group. eJater. Figs. 193-196.—Sporogonium of liverwort (jungermannia) opening by splitting into four parts, showing details of elaters and spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digital
RMRE0P36–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 194. Capsule parted down to the stalk.. Fruiting plant of a foliose liver- pjg jgg, pig jgg wort (jungermannia). Leafy part is the gametophyte ; stalk and cap- Four spores from Elaters, at left showing the two sule is the sporophyte (sporogonium mother cell held in spiral marks, at right a branched in the bryophytesj, a group. elater. Figs. 193-196.—Sporogonium of liverwort (jungermannia) opening by splitting into four parts, showing details of elaters and spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitall
RMRDWBN1–. The essentials of botany. Botany. Fio. 101.—Z, a thalloid Liverwort; Bimi C, showing bud-cups, natural size; D, enlarged to show breathing-pores. //, a leafy-stemmed Liverwort; a, unripe, and 6, ripened and split, spore-fruit. the leaves, however, have no midrib or other veins, and consist of a single layer of cells. The development of the stem is always from a single apical cell, which repeatedly divides. 387. The asexual reproduction of Liverworts takes place by means of peculiar bodies, the buds (or gemmae) so fre- quently to be seen in the Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha). In the
RMRDJGTA–. The essentials of botany. Botany. Fi». 101.—I, a thalloid LiTerwort; Band C, showing bud-cups, natural size; D, enlarged to show breathing-pores. i7, a leafy-stemmed laverwort; a, unnpe, and 6, ripened and split, spore-fruit. the leaves, however, have no midrib or other veins, and consist of a single layer of cells. The development of the stem is always from a single apical cell, which repeatedly divides. 387. The asexual reproduction of Liverworts takes place by means of peculiar bodies, the bads (or gemmae) so fre- quently to be seen in the Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha). In the
RMRE292P–. Botany all the year round; a practical text-book for schools. Botany. 252 SEEDLESS PLANTS. except for their color, met with everywhere on wet rocks and banks around shady water courses. Mosses are one of the best de- fined of botanical orders, and are too well known to need further specification here. Bryophytes form a connect- ing link, or rath- 475. — Scapania, a liverwort gj- g. chain of with leafy thallus, approaching . the form of mosses and lyco- Connecting links podiums (from COULTER'S between the next " Plant Structures "). group, pterido- phytes, and thallophytes. The live
RMRDYBMN–. The essentials of botany. Botany. -^S'^n ^"T^' ^ 5i?-lloiJ Liverwort; B and C, showing brood-cups, natural SJ.t; Px ^'I'^Pged to show breathing-pores. I/, a leafy-stemmed Liver- wort ; a, unripe, and ft, ripened and split, spore-fruit. 384. The leaves, when present, are usually in two rows (sometimes three), and are either opposite or alternate. The tissues of the plant-body show a little differentiation ; the leaves, however, have no midrib or other veins, and consist of a single layer of cells. The development of the stem is always from a single apical cell, which repeatedly divides..
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