Frullania Stock Photos and Images

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Frullania Stock Photos and Images

Liverworth Frullania sp. growing on the bark of the ash tree Stapton Ley Devon UK Europe Stock Photo

RME6GYBA–Liverworth Frullania sp. growing on the bark of the ash tree Stapton Ley Devon UK Europe

Frullania tamarisci & Lobaria pulmonaria Stock Photo

RMBFBT8J–Frullania tamarisci & Lobaria pulmonaria

Liverwort Frullania aculeata brown moss like species adorn trees Parte Alta Puerto Velasco Ibarra Floreana Highlands Galapagos Stock Photo

RMAYRKWW–Liverwort Frullania aculeata brown moss like species adorn trees Parte Alta Puerto Velasco Ibarra Floreana Highlands Galapagos

Tamarisk Scalewort ,Frullania tamarisci Stock Photo

RMCTCT5A–Tamarisk Scalewort ,Frullania tamarisci

Lichen. Frullania, probably dilatata . Stock Photo

RFT6H34A–Lichen. Frullania, probably dilatata .

Frullania dilatata (Dilated Scalewort) is common on trees and rocks. It has been recorded in Asia, Europe, N. America, S. America and Africa. Stock Photo

RF2X2N15C–Frullania dilatata (Dilated Scalewort) is common on trees and rocks. It has been recorded in Asia, Europe, N. America, S. America and Africa.

RME6GYB5–Liverworth Frullania sp. growing on the bark of the ash tree Stapton Ley Devon UK Europe

RF2WP4HEW–Frullania dilatata (Dilated Scalewort) is common on trees and rocks. It has been recorded in Asia, Europe, N. America, S. America and Africa.

Frullania tenariffae (centre) and Cladonia arbuscula (white) Fair Isle Shetland Subarctic Archipelago Scotland UK Europe Stock Photo

RMC6CM83–Frullania tenariffae (centre) and Cladonia arbuscula (white) Fair Isle Shetland Subarctic Archipelago Scotland UK Europe

RF2JCJP7C–Dilated scalewort

A close-up of a species of liverwort, the Dilated scalewort growing on a broadleaved tree trunk in an old-growth forest in Latvia, Europe Stock Photo

RF2M0PGDN–A close-up of a species of liverwort, the Dilated scalewort growing on a broadleaved tree trunk in an old-growth forest in Latvia, Europe

Closeup detail of Goat Willow tree bark, Salix caprea with Liverwort, Dilated Scalewort, Frullania dilatata, Wales, UK Stock Photo

RM2AYWX90–Closeup detail of Goat Willow tree bark, Salix caprea with Liverwort, Dilated Scalewort, Frullania dilatata, Wales, UK

Normandina pulchella is a squamulose lichen common among bryophytes on shaded trees especially Frullania. It has a global distribution. Stock Photo

RF2PT3PN4–Normandina pulchella is a squamulose lichen common among bryophytes on shaded trees especially Frullania. It has a global distribution.

Dilated scalewort (Frullania dilatata) is a species of liverwort. This photo was taken in La Albera, Girona province, Catalonia, Spain. Stock Photo

RF2TCK4JA–Dilated scalewort (Frullania dilatata) is a species of liverwort. This photo was taken in La Albera, Girona province, Catalonia, Spain.

Tamarisk scalewort Frullania tamarisci a leafy liverwort on rock UK Stock Photo

RMB6E83H–Tamarisk scalewort Frullania tamarisci a leafy liverwort on rock UK

RF2TCK4J9–Dilated scalewort (Frullania dilatata) is a species of liverwort. This photo was taken in La Albera, Girona province, Catalonia, Spain.

Dilated Scalewort (Frullania dilatata), on bark, Germany Stock Photo

RMEYYH1X–Dilated Scalewort (Frullania dilatata), on bark, Germany

RF2TCK4JB–Dilated scalewort (Frullania dilatata) is a species of liverwort. This photo was taken in La Albera, Girona province, Catalonia, Spain.

Dilated scalewort Frullania dilatata Stock Photo

RF2HYXA75–Dilated scalewort Frullania dilatata

Liverwort grows on Galapagos tree Stock Photo

RMAXX6GY–Liverwort grows on Galapagos tree

Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological . etative structure of which consists of a small slender filiform stem, bearingdistinctly differentiated leaves (Jungermannia, Radula, Mastigobryum. Frullania,Lophocolea, &c.). Between the thalloid and foliose forms of this family are somewhich present various stages of transition (as Fossombronia and Blasia). The Leaves of all Hepaticce are simple plates of cells, in which even themid-rib usual in the leaves of Mosses is always wanting. In most of the thalloid forms the growing apical region of each shoot(Fig. 211, s) lies in an anterior de Stock Photo

RM2AWXB12–Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological . etative structure of which consists of a small slender filiform stem, bearingdistinctly differentiated leaves (Jungermannia, Radula, Mastigobryum. Frullania,Lophocolea, &c.). Between the thalloid and foliose forms of this family are somewhich present various stages of transition (as Fossombronia and Blasia). The Leaves of all Hepaticce are simple plates of cells, in which even themid-rib usual in the leaves of Mosses is always wanting. In most of the thalloid forms the growing apical region of each shoot(Fig. 211, s) lies in an anterior de

Botanical print from Manual of Botany of the Northern United States, Asa Gray, 1889. Plate XXIV, Genera of Hepaticae. Stock Photo

RMBNC5DK–Botanical print from Manual of Botany of the Northern United States, Asa Gray, 1889. Plate XXIV, Genera of Hepaticae.

. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. MOSSES AND FERNS number of Liverworts belonging to all the principal groups have been examined by me, and invariably the presence of a definite cell wall could be demonstrated at all stages. Many of the foliose Hepaticse show much greater regu- larity in the early divisions of the embryo, and in the establish- ment of the archesporium and the arrangement of its cells. This is especially marked in Frullania (Leitgeb (7), II.). Here, after the upper part of the embryo has divided into three tier Stock Photo

RMPG05R4–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. MOSSES AND FERNS number of Liverworts belonging to all the principal groups have been examined by me, and invariably the presence of a definite cell wall could be demonstrated at all stages. Many of the foliose Hepaticse show much greater regu- larity in the early divisions of the embryo, and in the establish- ment of the archesporium and the arrangement of its cells. This is especially marked in Frullania (Leitgeb (7), II.). Here, after the upper part of the embryo has divided into three tier

Lichen. Phaeophyscia orbicularis and Frullania probably dilatata . Stock Photo

RFT6H33P–Lichen. Phaeophyscia orbicularis and Frullania probably dilatata .

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 179. Frullania Jackii. a Stengelstück von der Unterseite, Verg. 17,; b Blatt mit Blattohr und an dessem Grunde sehr kleinem Stylus, Verg. 40/^.^ c Unterblatt mit Ebizoidbüscbel, Verg. 40/^; d Zelhietz am Blattrand, Verg. 210/^^ Stock Photo

RMMAB2CA–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 179. Frullania Jackii. a Stengelstück von der Unterseite, Verg. 17,; b Blatt mit Blattohr und an dessem Grunde sehr kleinem Stylus, Verg. 40/^.^ c Unterblatt mit Ebizoidbüscbel, Verg. 40/^; d Zelhietz am Blattrand, Verg. 210/^^

Lichen, moss and liverwort background, England, UK. Stock Photo

RF2EPWXWJ–Lichen, moss and liverwort background, England, UK.

Elementary botany (1898) Elementary botany elementarybotany00atki Year: 1898 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the r h i z o i d s, through which much Fig- 62 of the liq Stock Photo

RMRWNT0M–Elementary botany (1898) Elementary botany elementarybotany00atki Year: 1898 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the r h i z o i d s, through which much Fig- 62 of the liq

RF2JCJP7F–Dilated scalewort

RF2M0PGHX–A close-up of a species of liverwort, the Dilated scalewort growing on a broadleaved tree trunk in an old-growth forest in Latvia, Europe

RMEYYH2T–Dilated Scalewort (Frullania dilatata), on bark, Germany

RF2HYXABB–Dilated scalewort Frullania dilatata

Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological . al shoot has already been constituted by the formation of thewalls I, 2, 3, while the dorsal half of each of these segments has developed into half aleaf. The other segments which do not form shoots develope normal two-lobed leaves.This is the process that occurs in Frullania, Madotheca, Mastigobryum, Lepidozia,Trichocolea, and Jungermannta trichophylla. A third type of branching occurs finally inRadula and Lejeunia, where the formation of leaves is not disturbed by the branch-ing, the branches springing from behind the leaves at their bas Stock Photo

RM2AWX299–Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological . al shoot has already been constituted by the formation of thewalls I, 2, 3, while the dorsal half of each of these segments has developed into half aleaf. The other segments which do not form shoots develope normal two-lobed leaves.This is the process that occurs in Frullania, Madotheca, Mastigobryum, Lepidozia,Trichocolea, and Jungermannta trichophylla. A third type of branching occurs finally inRadula and Lejeunia, where the formation of leaves is not disturbed by the branch-ing, the branches springing from behind the leaves at their bas

. Denkschriften der Ko?niglich-Baierischen Botanischen Gesellschaft in Regensburg. Botany; Botany. XXVI. Radula complanata. 2. R. Lindenbergiana. 3. Frullania tamarisci. 4. F. dilatata. 5. F. fragilifolia. 6. Lejeunea cavifolia. 7. L. calcarea. 8. L. ulicina. 8. Peltolepis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Ko?nigl. Bayer. Botanische Gesellschaft zu Regensburg. Regensburg : In Commission der Montag- und Weiss Stock Photo

RMPFHY55–. Denkschriften der Ko?niglich-Baierischen Botanischen Gesellschaft in Regensburg. Botany; Botany. XXVI. Radula complanata. 2. R. Lindenbergiana. 3. Frullania tamarisci. 4. F. dilatata. 5. F. fragilifolia. 6. Lejeunea cavifolia. 7. L. calcarea. 8. L. ulicina. 8. Peltolepis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Ko?nigl. Bayer. Botanische Gesellschaft zu Regensburg. Regensburg : In Commission der Montag- und Weiss

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 174. Frullania Bryhnii. a Stengelstück an der Unterseite; b einzelnes Blatt mit Unterlappeu, Zellschnur in der Blattmitte und zerstreuten größeren Zellen; c Uuterblatt; d Blatt mit Blatt- ohr und Uuterblatt von einem Seitenast; e Zelluetz mit zwei größereu Zellen, a—d Verg. 2»/,; e Verg. 2"/,. ') Benannt nach Dr. N. Drylin in Hiinefoß in Norwegen, der die Pflanze gesammelt hat. Stock Photo

RMMAB2CH–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 174. Frullania Bryhnii. a Stengelstück an der Unterseite; b einzelnes Blatt mit Unterlappeu, Zellschnur in der Blattmitte und zerstreuten größeren Zellen; c Uuterblatt; d Blatt mit Blatt- ohr und Uuterblatt von einem Seitenast; e Zelluetz mit zwei größereu Zellen, a—d Verg. 2»/,; e Verg. 2"/,. ') Benannt nach Dr. N. Drylin in Hiinefoß in Norwegen, der die Pflanze gesammelt hat.

Elementary botany elementarybotany00atki Year: 1898 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the r h i z o i d s, through which much Fig- 62 of the liquid Under side showing f Stock Photo

RMRYH6DA–Elementary botany elementarybotany00atki Year: 1898 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the r h i z o i d s, through which much Fig- 62 of the liquid Under side showing f

. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). he spores and elaters formregularly alternating verticalrows. In Frullania the lowercell of the embryo, instead ofremaining undivided, or form-ing simply a row of cells, di-vides repeatedly, and the cellsgrow out into papillae, so thatit probably is functional as anabsorbent organ, like the footof the Anthocerotes. Radula(Hofmeister (i)) and Junger-mannia, while more regular in„,,„,,. ^ . the divisions than Porella, still Fig. 57. — Porella Bolandert. Longi- . tudinai section of a sporogonium after are Icss SO than Frullama, Stock Photo

RM2AFM9KP–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). he spores and elaters formregularly alternating verticalrows. In Frullania the lowercell of the embryo, instead ofremaining undivided, or form-ing simply a row of cells, di-vides repeatedly, and the cellsgrow out into papillae, so thatit probably is functional as anabsorbent organ, like the footof the Anthocerotes. Radula(Hofmeister (i)) and Junger-mannia, while more regular in„,,„,,. ^ . the divisions than Porella, still Fig. 57. — Porella Bolandert. Longi- . tudinai section of a sporogonium after are Icss SO than Frullama,

. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. i68 MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS * LEAVES COMPLICATE-BILOBED. FRULLANIA. F. Eeoracensis Gottsche, Any one who has been in the woods at all must have noticed the pretty designs in dark brown- ish-green on the bark of beeches and birches like those in the figure. So common and so striking is this little plant that almost no further description is needed for its identification. Although it is so tiny, its underleaves and lobules can be made out easily wit Stock Photo

RMPG3J15–. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. i68 MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS * LEAVES COMPLICATE-BILOBED. FRULLANIA. F. Eeoracensis Gottsche, Any one who has been in the woods at all must have noticed the pretty designs in dark brown- ish-green on the bark of beeches and birches like those in the figure. So common and so striking is this little plant that almost no further description is needed for its identification. Although it is so tiny, its underleaves and lobules can be made out easily wit

. Elementary botany . Fig. 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of Mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with thin flat, green, leaf-like expansions. Examin- ing with the microscope the lower end of the axis, which is attached Stock Photo

RMMA74ET–. Elementary botany . Fig. 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of Mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with thin flat, green, leaf-like expansions. Examin- ing with the microscope the lower end of the axis, which is attached

Dr L Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz drlrabenhorstskr0602rabe Year: 1912 Frullania 611 Bhittmitte 20 ,u diam. In d(M- Blattmitte befinden sich liäufig ein oder zwei Reihen gfößerer. perlschnurartig aneinander gereihter Zellen. Kutikula glatt. 9 Infloreszenz an Fig. 173. Frullauia Tamarisci. a Stück einer Pflauze von der Unterseite, mit Periauth, Verg. ''/,; b Blatt mit Blattohr, Stylus und lapi)igem Anhängsel, Verg. ^'/i; c Unterblatt, Verg. '•'/i; d Hüllblattkranz von der Unterseite gesehen, Verg. '*''/ Stock Photo

RMT0TRJT–Dr L Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz drlrabenhorstskr0602rabe Year: 1912 Frullania 611 Bhittmitte 20 ,u diam. In d(M- Blattmitte befinden sich liäufig ein oder zwei Reihen gfößerer. perlschnurartig aneinander gereihter Zellen. Kutikula glatt. 9 Infloreszenz an Fig. 173. Frullauia Tamarisci. a Stück einer Pflauze von der Unterseite, mit Periauth, Verg. ''/,; b Blatt mit Blattohr, Stylus und lapi)igem Anhängsel, Verg. ^'/i; c Unterblatt, Verg. '•'/i; d Hüllblattkranz von der Unterseite gesehen, Verg. '*''/

The structure & development of the mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae) . IV THE JUNGERMANNIACE/E 107 Frullania the lower cell of the embryo, instead of remainingundivided, or forming simply a row of cells, divides repeatedly,and the cells grow out into papillae, so that it probably isfunctional as an absorbent organ, like the foot of the Antho-ceroteae. Radula ^ and Jimgerma7inia, while more regular inthe divisions than Porella, still arc less so than Frullania, andin these more than the upper tier of cells take part in thegrowth of the capsule. The degree to which the seta and footare developed Stock Photo

RM2AWYM95–The structure & development of the mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae) . IV THE JUNGERMANNIACE/E 107 Frullania the lower cell of the embryo, instead of remainingundivided, or forming simply a row of cells, divides repeatedly,and the cells grow out into papillae, so that it probably isfunctional as an absorbent organ, like the foot of the Antho-ceroteae. Radula ^ and Jimgerma7inia, while more regular inthe divisions than Porella, still arc less so than Frullania, andin these more than the upper tier of cells take part in thegrowth of the capsule. The degree to which the seta and footare developed

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 95. Frullania dilatata. Stück der Pflanze von der Unterseite, o = kappenförniige Blattöhrchen, st = Stylus, u = Unterblatt (Amphigastrium). Verg. ^^i- deren Blättern wachsen. Das Regenwasser läuft an den Baumblättern und Ästen zu rasch ab und deshalb besitzen hier fast alle Lebermoose Vorrichtungcm, um das ablaufende AV^asser aufzuhalten und anzu- sammeln. Die Vorrichtungen zum Wasserauffangen Averden entweder durch die Stellung beider Blattlappen zueinander geschaffen, wie Stock Photo

RMMAB39Y–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 95. Frullania dilatata. Stück der Pflanze von der Unterseite, o = kappenförniige Blattöhrchen, st = Stylus, u = Unterblatt (Amphigastrium). Verg. ^^i- deren Blättern wachsen. Das Regenwasser läuft an den Baumblättern und Ästen zu rasch ab und deshalb besitzen hier fast alle Lebermoose Vorrichtungcm, um das ablaufende AV^asser aufzuhalten und anzu- sammeln. Die Vorrichtungen zum Wasserauffangen Averden entweder durch die Stellung beider Blattlappen zueinander geschaffen, wie

RMT0TR2H–Dr L Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz drlrabenhorstskr0602rabe Year: 1912 604 Frullania Fig. 171. Frullania dilatata. (inippe sporogontrageiider PflaDzen. Verg. '/i- (Original vou P. Janzen.) aus einem lanzettlichen Blättchen. Nicht die ganze Segment- hälfte wird aber zum Blattohr. An der Verwachsungsstelle mit dem Oberlappen und dem Stengel findet sich noch ein stäbchenförmiges oder lanzettliches, sehr kleines und darum leicht zu übersehendes Gebilde (Stylus, Vergl. Fig. 95 auf S. 122 der ersten Abt. die

Elementary botany . m. 498. Porella.—Growing in similar situations is the plant known asporella. Sometimes there are a few plantsin a group, and at other times large matsoccur on the bark of a trunk. This plant,porella, also has closely overlapping leavesin rows on opposite sides of the stem, andthe lower margin of each leaf is curvedunder somewhat asin frullania, thoughthe pocket is not sowell formed. The larger plantsare female, that isthey bear archego-nia, while the maleplants, those whichbear antheridia, aresmaller and the an-theridia are borneon small lateralbranches. The an-theridia are Stock Photo

RM2AJCTCY–Elementary botany . m. 498. Porella.—Growing in similar situations is the plant known asporella. Sometimes there are a few plantsin a group, and at other times large matsoccur on the bark of a trunk. This plant,porella, also has closely overlapping leavesin rows on opposite sides of the stem, andthe lower margin of each leaf is curvedunder somewhat asin frullania, thoughthe pocket is not sowell formed. The larger plantsare female, that isthey bear archego-nia, while the maleplants, those whichbear antheridia, aresmaller and the an-theridia are borneon small lateralbranches. The an-theridia are

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 170. Frullania dilatata. a Sporogon im Läugssclmitt mit Elatereu und Sporen, Verg. *"/,; b Sporogou- Klai)penspitze mit Verdickuugeu der Außeuzellschicht, Verg. ^'"/i; c Elatere und Kai).seliiinen>schielit mit netzartigen Verdickungen, Verg. *'"'/, ; d Querschnitt durch Kapselwand mit gi-oßzelliger Außenschicht und Innenschicht mit netzartigen Ver- dickungen, Verg. *'"'/,; e Kapsel ausgebreitet. Die Ansatzstellen der Elateren sind durch Punkte (bei Klappen mit ungerader Zahl Elate Stock Photo

RMMAB2CG–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 170. Frullania dilatata. a Sporogon im Läugssclmitt mit Elatereu und Sporen, Verg. *"/,; b Sporogou- Klai)penspitze mit Verdickuugeu der Außeuzellschicht, Verg. ^'"/i; c Elatere und Kai).seliiinen>schielit mit netzartigen Verdickungen, Verg. *'"'/, ; d Querschnitt durch Kapselwand mit gi-oßzelliger Außenschicht und Innenschicht mit netzartigen Ver- dickungen, Verg. *'"'/,; e Kapsel ausgebreitet. Die Ansatzstellen der Elateren sind durch Punkte (bei Klappen mit ungerader Zahl Elate

The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . ase with the lower lobe. The folding of one lobe againstanother assists in the retention of water. Pitcher-like structureshave arisen in different ways in a number of genera, and are especiallycommon in epiphytic forms (Frullania, Lepidolaena, Pleurozia).In some forms the leaves are finely divided, and along with the hair-like paraphyllia form a loose weft around the stem (Trichocolea).The rhizoids spring from the lower surface of the stem, and sometimesfrom the bases of the leaves. The branches Stock Photo

RM2ANCEYJ–The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . ase with the lower lobe. The folding of one lobe againstanother assists in the retention of water. Pitcher-like structureshave arisen in different ways in a number of genera, and are especiallycommon in epiphytic forms (Frullania, Lepidolaena, Pleurozia).In some forms the leaves are finely divided, and along with the hair-like paraphyllia form a loose weft around the stem (Trichocolea).The rhizoids spring from the lower surface of the stem, and sometimesfrom the bases of the leaves. The branches

. Die Algen, Moose und Farnpflanzen. . Xaf. XXII. 1. Pellia epiphylla mit 3rrüd)ten, k ®att)ptra. 2. Blasia pusilla. 3. Cephalozia (Jungermannia) bicuspidata: £äng§jtf)nitt be3 unreifen ©poro* goniumS, k ®alt)ptra, a unoefrudjtet peutieoeneä 2Ird)egonium, p ^eriantt). 4. Riella helicophylla. 5. Frullania Tamarisci, ©tengelftücf tiou unten geferjen, w SBafieriacf, a 2lmpt)igaftrien. 6. Leptolejeunia stenophylla, aufgesprungene Sapfel, e (Jlateren, k Salrjptra, a 2trd)egoniurnfjalä. 7. Frullania dilatata, (Statere. 8. Scapania nemorosa. 9. Plagiochila gigantea. o baf3 biejer weiter roädjft unb Stock Photo

RMMEJY2W–. Die Algen, Moose und Farnpflanzen. . Xaf. XXII. 1. Pellia epiphylla mit 3rrüd)ten, k ®att)ptra. 2. Blasia pusilla. 3. Cephalozia (Jungermannia) bicuspidata: £äng§jtf)nitt be3 unreifen ©poro* goniumS, k ®alt)ptra, a unoefrudjtet peutieoeneä 2Ird)egonium, p ^eriantt). 4. Riella helicophylla. 5. Frullania Tamarisci, ©tengelftücf tiou unten geferjen, w SBafieriacf, a 2lmpt)igaftrien. 6. Leptolejeunia stenophylla, aufgesprungene Sapfel, e (Jlateren, k Salrjptra, a 2trd)egoniurnfjalä. 7. Frullania dilatata, (Statere. 8. Scapania nemorosa. 9. Plagiochila gigantea. o baf3 biejer weiter roädjft unb

Organography of plants, especially of the archegoniatae and spermaphyta . lly, a division of labour amongst the leaves, isa conspicuous feature in species of Lejeunia (Ceratolejeunia). Upon the. :) ws Fig. 52. Frullania Tania-risci. Portion ofa slioot frombelow. a, araphigastrium ;ws, water-sac, hood-like inform and formed out of thehollowed out larger portionof the under lobe of the leaf;;-, upper lobe of the leaf. The stylus auriculae is notshown. Magnified 36. Lehrb. ^ See Goebel, Archegoniatenstudien: V. Die Blattbildung der Lebermoose und ihre biologischeBedeutung, in Flora, Ixxvii (1893) Stock Photo

RM2ANEN93–Organography of plants, especially of the archegoniatae and spermaphyta . lly, a division of labour amongst the leaves, isa conspicuous feature in species of Lejeunia (Ceratolejeunia). Upon the. :) ws Fig. 52. Frullania Tania-risci. Portion ofa slioot frombelow. a, araphigastrium ;ws, water-sac, hood-like inform and formed out of thehollowed out larger portionof the under lobe of the leaf;;-, upper lobe of the leaf. The stylus auriculae is notshown. Magnified 36. Lehrb. ^ See Goebel, Archegoniatenstudien: V. Die Blattbildung der Lebermoose und ihre biologischeBedeutung, in Flora, Ixxvii (1893)

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . 'uv^ '^^'^^ Fig. 172. Frullania dilatata. Ein von zwei Kädertierchen bewohntes Blattohr. Original von F. .Tanzen. Verg. Diese beiden Subgeuera uuterscheideu sicli sehr leicht durch die Form der Blattohreu, durch die Verzweigung und die Stellung der Archegouaulagen sowie durch das Vorkommen oder Fehlen der sog. linea moniliformis. Beim Subgenus Gale'iloba sind die Blattohreu kappeuförmig, die Ver- zweigung ist unregelmäßig und die Archegonanlage steht am Ende des Stengels oder Hauptastes, während unterhalb Äs Stock Photo

RMMAB2CC–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . 'uv^ '^^'^^ Fig. 172. Frullania dilatata. Ein von zwei Kädertierchen bewohntes Blattohr. Original von F. .Tanzen. Verg. Diese beiden Subgeuera uuterscheideu sicli sehr leicht durch die Form der Blattohreu, durch die Verzweigung und die Stellung der Archegouaulagen sowie durch das Vorkommen oder Fehlen der sog. linea moniliformis. Beim Subgenus Gale'iloba sind die Blattohreu kappeuförmig, die Ver- zweigung ist unregelmäßig und die Archegonanlage steht am Ende des Stengels oder Hauptastes, während unterhalb Äs

Elementary botany . tgrowths are usually termed here rhizoids. In marchantia theyare of two kinds, one kind the simple ones with smooth walls,and the other kind in which the inner surfaces of the walls areroughened by processes which extend inward in the form of irreg-ular tooth-like points. Besides the hairs on the under side ofthe thallus we note especially near the growing end that there aretwo rows of leaf-like scales, those at the end of the thallus curv-ing up over the growing end, thus serving to protect the delicatetissues at the growing point, HOW PLANTS OBTAIN WATER. 25 48. Frullania Stock Photo

RM2AJEJ8M–Elementary botany . tgrowths are usually termed here rhizoids. In marchantia theyare of two kinds, one kind the simple ones with smooth walls,and the other kind in which the inner surfaces of the walls areroughened by processes which extend inward in the form of irreg-ular tooth-like points. Besides the hairs on the under side ofthe thallus we note especially near the growing end that there aretwo rows of leaf-like scales, those at the end of the thallus curv-ing up over the growing end, thus serving to protect the delicatetissues at the growing point, HOW PLANTS OBTAIN WATER. 25 48. Frullania

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fi^. 177. Frullania riparia. a Pflanze mit 9 Infloreszenzeu, vou der Unterseite gesehen, Verg. '^,; b Blatt mit kappeufÃ¶rmigem Blattohr, Stylus uud Uuterblatt, c Blatt mit flÃ¤chenfÃ¶rinigem Unterlappen und Stylus, Verg. â "*/,; d Unterblatt mit Rhizoiden, Verg. *"/, ; e Zell- uetz an der Blattmitte, Verg. ^'"/i- Vorkommen und Verbreitung: Die Art lebt an trockenen Urgestein- felsen (auch an Kalkfelseu) oder auf Rinde von Eichen und anderen Baumarten, aber immer au sehr trockenen, meist aiich Stock Photo

RMMAB2C5–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fi^. 177. Frullania riparia. a Pflanze mit 9 Infloreszenzeu, vou der Unterseite gesehen, Verg. '^,; b Blatt mit kappeufÃ¶rmigem Blattohr, Stylus uud Uuterblatt, c Blatt mit flÃ¤chenfÃ¶rinigem Unterlappen und Stylus, Verg. â "*/,; d Unterblatt mit Rhizoiden, Verg. *"/, ; e Zell- uetz an der Blattmitte, Verg. ^'"/i- Vorkommen und Verbreitung: Die Art lebt an trockenen Urgestein- felsen (auch an Kalkfelseu) oder auf Rinde von Eichen und anderen Baumarten, aber immer au sehr trockenen, meist aiich

Handbook of British Hepaticae : containing descriptions and figures of the indigenous species of Marchantia, Jungermannia, Riccia and Anthoceros . 23- Frullania germana, Tayl. Stems procumbent, bipinnately branched ;leaves imbricate, rounded-ovate, entire, con-forming in their cellulose texture ; auricleoblong-ovate, ventricose; stipules obovate,bifid at the apex ; involncral entire ; perianthoblong-ovate, one-keeled. 28 HANDBOOK OF BRITISH HEPATIC/E. Frullania gertnana, Tayl. Trans. Bot. Soc.Edin. II., 45; Ann. Nat. Hist., 1843, l73>Gott. and Rab. Exs. No. 475 ; Carr. and Pears.Exs. No. 19 Stock Photo

RM2ANBF8J–Handbook of British Hepaticae : containing descriptions and figures of the indigenous species of Marchantia, Jungermannia, Riccia and Anthoceros . 23- Frullania germana, Tayl. Stems procumbent, bipinnately branched ;leaves imbricate, rounded-ovate, entire, con-forming in their cellulose texture ; auricleoblong-ovate, ventricose; stipules obovate,bifid at the apex ; involncral entire ; perianthoblong-ovate, one-keeled. 28 HANDBOOK OF BRITISH HEPATIC/E. Frullania gertnana, Tayl. Trans. Bot. Soc.Edin. II., 45; Ann. Nat. Hist., 1843, l73>Gott. and Rab. Exs. No. 475 ; Carr. and Pears.Exs. No. 19

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 171. Frullania dilatata. (inippe sporogontrageiider PflaDzen. Verg. '/i- (Original vou P. Janzen.) aus einem lanzettlichen Blättchen. Nicht die ganze Segment- hälfte wird aber zum Blattohr. An der Verwachsungsstelle mit dem Oberlappen und dem Stengel findet sich noch ein stäbchenförmiges oder lanzettliches, sehr kleines und darum leicht zu übersehendes Gebilde (Stylus, Vergl. Fig. 95 auf S. 122 der ersten Abt. dieses Werkes) und je nach der Art noch kleine lappige Fortsätze, die z. T. auf dem Stengel au Stock Photo

RMMAB2CF–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 171. Frullania dilatata. (inippe sporogontrageiider PflaDzen. Verg. '/i- (Original vou P. Janzen.) aus einem lanzettlichen Blättchen. Nicht die ganze Segment- hälfte wird aber zum Blattohr. An der Verwachsungsstelle mit dem Oberlappen und dem Stengel findet sich noch ein stäbchenförmiges oder lanzettliches, sehr kleines und darum leicht zu übersehendes Gebilde (Stylus, Vergl. Fig. 95 auf S. 122 der ersten Abt. dieses Werkes) und je nach der Art noch kleine lappige Fortsätze, die z. T. auf dem Stengel au

Transactions and proceedings . R Brwtltwaite adnat. 3el. r HuBi.LMi Eair FRULLANIA S P H iE R 0 C E P H A L A. Trans.Boi.Soc.Edui/. Voh-XV. Tab. II.. RBrdithwaite adnat cl?: FRULLATMIA B I C 0 R N I S T I P U L A. TRACHYCOtEA EliULLANIA. Ho 25. Frullania hirtiflora, Si^ruce, Hab. Bams, ad pedem montis Tunrjuragiia, alt. 1800, in imis truncis et saxis.F-9x -6, lob ?3--35, c 5^ ; / -5 x -3 ; hr 1-25 ; per 2-5 x l-25°>°. Tenella pallide viridis. Caules pollicares prostrati implexi vage velsubpinnatim bis terve divisi. Folia tenera subiinbricata convexa obovato-oblonga rotundata, valdeiiifequil Stock Photo

RM2AWK88C–Transactions and proceedings . R Brwtltwaite adnat. 3el. r HuBi.LMi Eair FRULLANIA S P H iE R 0 C E P H A L A. Trans.Boi.Soc.Edui/. Voh-XV. Tab. II.. RBrdithwaite adnat cl?: FRULLATMIA B I C 0 R N I S T I P U L A. TRACHYCOtEA EliULLANIA. Ho 25. Frullania hirtiflora, Si^ruce, Hab. Bams, ad pedem montis Tunrjuragiia, alt. 1800, in imis truncis et saxis.F-9x -6, lob ?3--35, c 5^ ; / -5 x -3 ; hr 1-25 ; per 2-5 x l-25°>°. Tenella pallide viridis. Caules pollicares prostrati implexi vage velsubpinnatim bis terve divisi. Folia tenera subiinbricata convexa obovato-oblonga rotundata, valdeiiifequil

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 169. Frullania dilatata. Sporopliyt im Längsschnitt. Verg. '"/,. a steriles Arcliegon; g Game- tophyt (oberer Teil der Sproßaclise); s Stielartige Verbindung zwischen Sporopliyt u. Gametophyt; f Sporo- goufuß; k Kalyptra; p Perianth. Je zwei gegenüber stehende Klappen besitzen die gleiche An- zahl Elateren, und zwar stehen z. B. bei FrnUania dilatata normaler- weise an der Spitze einer Klappe eine Elatere, dann folgen 3, 5, 7, 5, 3 und an der nächsten Klappe stehen an der Spitze 2 dann folgen 4, 6, Stock Photo

RMMAB2CJ–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 169. Frullania dilatata. Sporopliyt im Längsschnitt. Verg. '"/,. a steriles Arcliegon; g Game- tophyt (oberer Teil der Sproßaclise); s Stielartige Verbindung zwischen Sporopliyt u. Gametophyt; f Sporo- goufuß; k Kalyptra; p Perianth. Je zwei gegenüber stehende Klappen besitzen die gleiche An- zahl Elateren, und zwar stehen z. B. bei FrnUania dilatata normaler- weise an der Spitze einer Klappe eine Elatere, dann folgen 3, 5, 7, 5, 3 und an der nächsten Klappe stehen an der Spitze 2 dann folgen 4, 6,

. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. . 696. rrullaiiia complanata ' 697. 698. Zoolhèquei de Jungermannia multilida. JUNGERMANNIA, U.Y.V. Perichœtium dialy- phyllum vel basi gamophyllum. Perigonium inenibranaceum, tubulosum, (ire denticulato, Epigonium niembranaceuni persistons. Folia succuba. frullania RADDI. Perichœtium dialyphyl- lum, foliolis plerumque profondius bilobis. Peri- gonium foliaceum, lubulosum, apice truncatum vel mucronatum. Epigonium mernbranaceum persistens. Folia incuba suliius lobulata vel au- riculata. A1LICULAIUA CORDA, Pe Stock Photo

RMRH9XEW–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. . 696. rrullaiiia complanata ' 697. 698. Zoolhèquei de Jungermannia multilida. JUNGERMANNIA, U.Y.V. Perichœtium dialy- phyllum vel basi gamophyllum. Perigonium inenibranaceum, tubulosum, (ire denticulato, Epigonium niembranaceuni persistons. Folia succuba. frullania RADDI. Perichœtium dialyphyl- lum, foliolis plerumque profondius bilobis. Peri- gonium foliaceum, lubulosum, apice truncatum vel mucronatum. Epigonium mernbranaceum persistens. Folia incuba suliius lobulata vel au- riculata. A1LICULAIUA CORDA, Pe

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 65. Lebermoos-Embryonen. 1. Riccia; 2. Preissia (beide nach Kl enitz-Gerl o ff); 3. Frullania; 4, Radula: 5. Anthoceros (3—5 nach Leitgeb). Der Sporen bildende Teil ist schraffiert. Fig. 65 Nr. o.j Bei den meisten anderen Gattungen der Jnngermannia- ceen werden zur Bildung des Archespors auch noch die nächsten unter der Scheitelkuppe gelegenen Stockwerke benutzt. (Vergl. Fig. 65 Nr. tI:.) Durch perikline Wände formt sich aus der Kuppe Sporen- raum und Kapselwand heraus. Der Teil, welcher zum Sporogonsti Stock Photo

RMMAB3B8–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Fig. 65. Lebermoos-Embryonen. 1. Riccia; 2. Preissia (beide nach Kl enitz-Gerl o ff); 3. Frullania; 4, Radula: 5. Anthoceros (3—5 nach Leitgeb). Der Sporen bildende Teil ist schraffiert. Fig. 65 Nr. o.j Bei den meisten anderen Gattungen der Jnngermannia- ceen werden zur Bildung des Archespors auch noch die nächsten unter der Scheitelkuppe gelegenen Stockwerke benutzt. (Vergl. Fig. 65 Nr. tI:.) Durch perikline Wände formt sich aus der Kuppe Sporen- raum und Kapselwand heraus. Der Teil, welcher zum Sporogonsti

. List of Canadian hepaticæ [microform]. Liverworts; Bryophytes; Hépatiques; Bryophytes. c o IJ. W. H. p. ddl. Frullania Selwyniana. MortiiTier&Co. Lith.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Pearson, William Henry, 1849-1923; Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada. Montreal : W. Foster Brown Stock Photo

RMREPH2T–. List of Canadian hepaticæ [microform]. Liverworts; Bryophytes; Hépatiques; Bryophytes. c o IJ. W. H. p. ddl. Frullania Selwyniana. MortiiTier&Co. Lith.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Pearson, William Henry, 1849-1923; Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada. Montreal : W. Foster Brown

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . -11 Fig. 31. Verschiedene Blattformen der J u n g e r m a n n i a c e e n. 1. Lophocolea bidentata. Verg. '^/i. 2. Sendtnera Saute riana. Ver^. '*;,. 3. Lepidozia r e p t a n s. Verg. ^^i- "*=• Odontoschisma (I e n u d ji t u m. Verg. i^/j. 5. M a s t i g o b r y u m t r i 1 o b a t u m. Verg. ^°/i. (;. HlepharoHtoma ir i ch o p h y 11 u ra. Verg. ^^^i- ^- P t i 1 i d i u m p u l 0 h e r r i ni u ni. Verg. ^•^i« 8. Frullänia tamarisci. Verg. ^Vi. *:). ScHpania u m b r o k a. Verg. **/,. 10. Sphenolobus Stock Photo

RMMAB3CM–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . -11 Fig. 31. Verschiedene Blattformen der J u n g e r m a n n i a c e e n. 1. Lophocolea bidentata. Verg. '^/i. 2. Sendtnera Saute riana. Ver^. '*;,. 3. Lepidozia r e p t a n s. Verg. ^^i- "*=• Odontoschisma (I e n u d ji t u m. Verg. i^/j. 5. M a s t i g o b r y u m t r i 1 o b a t u m. Verg. ^°/i. (;. HlepharoHtoma ir i ch o p h y 11 u ra. Verg. ^^^i- ^- P t i 1 i d i u m p u l 0 h e r r i ni u ni. Verg. ^•^i« 8. Frullänia tamarisci. Verg. ^Vi. *:). ScHpania u m b r o k a. Verg. **/,. 10. Sphenolobus

. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 32. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 33. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. of the water is absorbed. 49. Absorption by the mosses. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York : H. Holt Stock Photo

RMRE3CGT–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 32. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 33. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. of the water is absorbed. 49. Absorption by the mosses. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York : H. Holt

. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. . 604. Gymnomitl'ium Hooken. COV Frullania complanata. co.>. Jungermannia iniilliliilj. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Payer, J. -B. (Jean-Baptiste), 1818-1860; Baillon, H. (Henri), 1827-1895. Paris : F. Savy Stock Photo

RMRH9XRG–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. . 604. Gymnomitl'ium Hooken. COV Frullania complanata. co.>. Jungermannia iniilliliilj. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Payer, J. -B. (Jean-Baptiste), 1818-1860; Baillon, H. (Henri), 1827-1895. Paris : F. Savy

RMRDF3A3–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. MOSSES AND FERNS number of Liverworts belonging to all the principal groups have been examined by me, and invariably the presence of a definite cell wall could be demonstrated at all stages. Many of the foliose Hepaticse show much greater regu- larity in the early divisions of the embryo, and in the establish- ment of the archesporium and the arrangement of its cells. This is especially marked in Frullania (Leitgeb (7), II.). Here, after the upper part of the embryo has divided into three tier

$. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. HEPATIC&. 347 in contrast to the Foliose Hepaticae belonging to the family of Jungermannieae, the vegetative body of which consists of a small slender filiform stem, bearing distinctly differentiated leaves {Jungermannia, Radulai Masiigobryum, Frullania^Lophocoleay &c). Between the thalloid and foliose forms of this family are some which present various stages of transition (as Fossombronia and Blasia), The leaves of all Hepaticae are simple plates of cells, in which even the mid-rib usual in the leaves of Mosses is always Stock Photo$

RMRPXN0X–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. HEPATIC&. 347 in contrast to the Foliose Hepaticae belonging to the family of Jungermannieae, the vegetative body of which consists of a small slender filiform stem, bearing distinctly differentiated leaves {Jungermannia, Radulai Masiigobryum, Frullania^Lophocoleay &c). Between the thalloid and foliose forms of this family are some which present various stages of transition (as Fossombronia and Blasia), The leaves of all Hepaticae are simple plates of cells, in which even the mid-rib usual in the leaves of Mosses is always

. Elementary botany. Botany. 154 MORPHOLOGY. side. It does not matter on what side they lie, for whichever side it is, that will develop into the lower side of the thallus, and forms rhizoids, while the upper surface will develop the stomates. Leafy-stemmed liverworts. 328. We should now examine more carefully than we have done formerly a few of the leafy-stemmed liverworts (called foliose liverworts). 329. Frullania (Fig. 6o).—This plant grows on the bark of logs, as well as on the bark of standing trees. It lives in quite dry situations. If we examine the leaves we will see how it is able to Stock Photo

RMRDWG24–. Elementary botany. Botany. 154 MORPHOLOGY. side. It does not matter on what side they lie, for whichever side it is, that will develop into the lower side of the thallus, and forms rhizoids, while the upper surface will develop the stomates. Leafy-stemmed liverworts. 328. We should now examine more carefully than we have done formerly a few of the leafy-stemmed liverworts (called foliose liverworts). 329. Frullania (Fig. 6o).—This plant grows on the bark of logs, as well as on the bark of standing trees. It lives in quite dry situations. If we examine the leaves we will see how it is able to

. The origin of a land flora, a theory based upon the facts of alternation. Plant morphology. 264 BRYOPHYTA B. The Jungermanniales. The same principle is illustrated also in the Jungermanniales, but with differences of detail. In these the first segmentation of the zygote separates a hypobasal cell, which in some cases develops as a multicellular. Fig. 124. Frullania dila-tata, development of the embryo. X 300. (After Leitgeb). x, x, the archesporial cells. The numbers indicate the primary transverse divisions. (From Campbell, Mosses and Ferns.'). Please note that these images are extracted fr Stock Photo

RMRDXMT3–. The origin of a land flora, a theory based upon the facts of alternation. Plant morphology. 264 BRYOPHYTA B. The Jungermanniales. The same principle is illustrated also in the Jungermanniales, but with differences of detail. In these the first segmentation of the zygote separates a hypobasal cell, which in some cases develops as a multicellular. Fig. 124. Frullania dila-tata, development of the embryo. X 300. (After Leitgeb). x, x, the archesporial cells. The numbers indicate the primary transverse divisions. (From Campbell, Mosses and Ferns.'). Please note that these images are extracted fr

. A biological study of Polypodium polypodioides (resurrection fern) as an air plant in Mississippi... Polypodium; Ferns. 8. top of the tree the fern was generally replaced â by- lichens. Very commonly thetfem was found growing in close association with the liverwort Frullania virginica. with the mosses Entodon cladorrhizans.Clasmatodon parvulus and in a few cases also with Orthotrichum 0 ohiense or Leucodp .julaceus.Practically the only lichen associated with the polypody was Parmelia centrata.. fm^ Fig.5 Crataegus sp, bearing the epiphytic polypody. This form was abundant on the lower branch Stock Photo

RMRHM3NH–. A biological study of Polypodium polypodioides (resurrection fern) as an air plant in Mississippi... Polypodium; Ferns. 8. top of the tree the fern was generally replaced â by- lichens. Very commonly thetfem was found growing in close association with the liverwort Frullania virginica. with the mosses Entodon cladorrhizans.Clasmatodon parvulus and in a few cases also with Orthotrichum 0 ohiense or Leucodp .julaceus.Practically the only lichen associated with the polypody was Parmelia centrata.. fm^ Fig.5 Crataegus sp, bearing the epiphytic polypody. This form was abundant on the lower branch

RMRE3CGN–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 32. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 33. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. of the water is absorbed. 49. Absorption by the mosses. .mong the mosses, which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of mnium (M. afifine), which is illustrated in fig. 36, we note that it consists of a slender Fig. 35. Foliose liverwort fbazzania) showing dichotomous branching and overlapfting leav

. The Bryologist. Mosses; Liverworts; Lichens; Botany; Bryology. PORELLA. L. Sp. PI. 2:1106. 1753. By Wm. C. Barbour. One of the first hepatics to be found by one who is beginning the study of the group is a dull brownish-green mass, usually growing at or near the foot of a tree, on the bark. It was the first hepatic species to be identified by the present writer, and in the packets sent to him for identification by Chapter members and readers of the Bryologist, it figures prominently and often. This species is Porella platyphylla. Like Frullania the leaves are incubous and deeply bilobed, the Stock Photo

RMRH2MX8–. The Bryologist. Mosses; Liverworts; Lichens; Botany; Bryology. PORELLA. L. Sp. PI. 2:1106. 1753. By Wm. C. Barbour. One of the first hepatics to be found by one who is beginning the study of the group is a dull brownish-green mass, usually growing at or near the foot of a tree, on the bark. It was the first hepatic species to be identified by the present writer, and in the packets sent to him for identification by Chapter members and readers of the Bryologist, it figures prominently and often. This species is Porella platyphylla. Like Frullania the leaves are incubous and deeply bilobed, the

. The origin of a land flora, a theory based upon the facts of alternation. Plant morphology. Fig. 124. Frullania dila-tata, development of the embryo. X 300. (After Leitgeb). x, x, the archesporial cells. The numbers indicate the primary transverse divisions. (From Campbell, Mosses and Ferns.'). haustorium {Frullania), but more frequently remains as a minute appendage at the base of the fruit, while the epibasal cell gives rise to the capsule, stalk, and foot. So far as a comparison on the basis of the segmentation of the zygote is valid, this would indicate in the Jungermanniales a still fur Stock Photo

RMRDXMT1–. The origin of a land flora, a theory based upon the facts of alternation. Plant morphology. Fig. 124. Frullania dila-tata, development of the embryo. X 300. (After Leitgeb). x, x, the archesporial cells. The numbers indicate the primary transverse divisions. (From Campbell, Mosses and Ferns.'). haustorium {Frullania), but more frequently remains as a minute appendage at the base of the fruit, while the epibasal cell gives rise to the capsule, stalk, and foot. So far as a comparison on the basis of the segmentation of the zygote is valid, this would indicate in the Jungermanniales a still fur

RMRD3CX2–. Denkschriften der Ko?niglich-Baierischen Botanischen Gesellschaft in Regensburg. Botany; Botany. XXVI. Radula complanata. 2. R. Lindenbergiana. 3. Frullania tamarisci. 4. F. dilatata. 5. F. fragilifolia. 6. Lejeunea cavifolia. 7. L. calcarea. 8. L. ulicina. 8. Peltolepis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Ko?nigl. Bayer. Botanische Gesellschaft zu Regensburg. Regensburg : In Commission der Montag- und Weiss

. Elementary botany. Botany. 154 MORPHOLOG V. side. It does not matter on what side they lie, for whichever side it is, that will develop into the lower side of the thallus, and forms rhizoids, while the upper surface will develop the stomates. Leafy-stemmed liverworts. 328. We should now examine more carefully than we have done formerly a few of the leafy-stemmed liverworts (called foliose liverworts). 329. Frullania (Fig. 6o).—This plant grows on the bark of logs, as well as on the bark of standing trees. It lives in quite dry situations. If we examine the leaves we will see how it is able t Stock Photo

RMRD2HD8–. Elementary botany. Botany. 154 MORPHOLOG V. side. It does not matter on what side they lie, for whichever side it is, that will develop into the lower side of the thallus, and forms rhizoids, while the upper surface will develop the stomates. Leafy-stemmed liverworts. 328. We should now examine more carefully than we have done formerly a few of the leafy-stemmed liverworts (called foliose liverworts). 329. Frullania (Fig. 6o).—This plant grows on the bark of logs, as well as on the bark of standing trees. It lives in quite dry situations. If we examine the leaves we will see how it is able t

. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. DIFFERENT ORIGIN OF EQUIVALENT MEMBERS. • 175 the Hepatica* Radula and Lejeunia; the branch springs (as shown in Fig. 116, a, p. 153) out of the lower part of a segment of the stem, the upper part of which has developed into a leaf. In Fontinalis this occurs below the median line of the leaf, in Sphagnum laterally below one half. According to the Same observer, the lateral branches arise in place of a half-leaf beside the remaining half in many Jungermanniese, as Frullania, Madotheceii Mastigobryum, Jungermannia tritbophylla1. If Stock Photo

RMRPXR43–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. DIFFERENT ORIGIN OF EQUIVALENT MEMBERS. • 175 the Hepatica* Radula and Lejeunia; the branch springs (as shown in Fig. 116, a, p. 153) out of the lower part of a segment of the stem, the upper part of which has developed into a leaf. In Fontinalis this occurs below the median line of the leaf, in Sphagnum laterally below one half. According to the Same observer, the lateral branches arise in place of a half-leaf beside the remaining half in many Jungermanniese, as Frullania, Madotheceii Mastigobryum, Jungermannia tritbophylla1. If

. Botany of the living plant. Botany. 366 BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT clearly two-lobed, and the lobes are often unequal (Fig. 310,^). Some- times a lobe may become highly specialised, as in Frullania (Fig. 310, B), where that which is downward-directed develops as a water-sac, or pitcher, effective in collecting and holding water in this epiphytic or rock-dweUing genus. On the other hand, in Trichocolea the leaves may be divided into narrow laciniae, which collectively hold water as in a sponge. Thus it appears that there is a wide scale of adaptation. Please note that these images are extract Stock Photo

RMRH4TAH–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. 366 BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT clearly two-lobed, and the lobes are often unequal (Fig. 310,^). Some- times a lobe may become highly specialised, as in Frullania (Fig. 310, B), where that which is downward-directed develops as a water-sac, or pitcher, effective in collecting and holding water in this epiphytic or rock-dweUing genus. On the other hand, in Trichocolea the leaves may be divided into narrow laciniae, which collectively hold water as in a sponge. Thus it appears that there is a wide scale of adaptation. Please note that these images are extract

RMRDH2TR–. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. i68 MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS * LEAVES COMPLICATE-BILOBED. FRULLANIA. F. Eeoracensis Gottsche, Any one who has been in the woods at all must have noticed the pretty designs in dark brown- ish-green on the bark of beeches and birches like those in the figure. So common and so striking is this little plant that almost no further description is needed for its identification. Although it is so tiny, its underleaves and lobules can be made out easily wit

. Elementary botany. Botany. 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the rh i z o i d s, through which much of the liquid is. Please note that these images are extracted from sc Stock Photo

RMRE0PHT–. Elementary botany. Botany. 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the rh i z o i d s, through which much of the liquid is. Please note that these images are extracted from sc

. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of Mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with thin flat, green, leaf-like expansions. Examin- ing with the microscope the lower end of the axis, which is a Stock Photo

RMRD2KBE–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of Mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with thin flat, green, leaf-like expansions. Examin- ing with the microscope the lower end of the axis, which is a

. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 62. Fig. 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. Under side showing forked nutriment IS under row of leaves and lobes absorbed. of lateral leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of Mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with th Stock Photo

RMRDTHGH–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 62. Fig. 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. Under side showing forked nutriment IS under row of leaves and lobes absorbed. of lateral leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of Mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with th

RMRE0PHK–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 62. Fig, 60. Portion of plant of Frullania, a foliose liverwort. Fig. 61. Portion of same more highly magni- fied, showing over- lapping leaves. Under side showing forked nutriment under row of leaves and lobes absOrhcd. of lateral leaves. 170. Nutrition of the mosses.—Among the mosses which are usually common in moist and shaded situations, examples are abundant which are suitable for the study of the organs of absorption. If we take for example a plant of mnium (M. affine) which is illustrated in fig. 64, we note that it consists of a slender axis with thin

. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. Fig. 170. Frullania dilatata. a Sporogon im Läugssclmitt mit Elatereu und Sporen, Verg. *"/,; b Sporogou- Klai)penspitze mit Verdickuugeu der Außeuzellschicht, Verg. ^'"/i; c Elatere und Kai).seliiinen>schielit mit netzartigen Verdickungen, Verg. *'"'/, ; d Querschnitt durch Kapselwand mit gi-oßzelliger Außenschicht und Innenschicht mit netzartigen Ver- dickungen, Verg. *'"'/,; e Kapsel ausgebreitet. Die Ansatzstel Stock Photo

RMRECFCC–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. Fig. 170. Frullania dilatata. a Sporogon im Läugssclmitt mit Elatereu und Sporen, Verg. *"/,; b Sporogou- Klai)penspitze mit Verdickuugeu der Außeuzellschicht, Verg. ^'"/i; c Elatere und Kai).seliiinen>schielit mit netzartigen Verdickungen, Verg. *'"'/, ; d Querschnitt durch Kapselwand mit gi-oßzelliger Außenschicht und Innenschicht mit netzartigen Ver- dickungen, Verg. *'"'/,; e Kapsel ausgebreitet. Die Ansatzstel

. Practical botany. Botany. Fig. 226. A leafy liverwort (Frullania) At ^1 is a plant about natural size as it appears growing upon a piece of maple bark ; at £ is an enlarged piece of the same plant, showing its leaves, rhizoids, and the peculiar stalked spore-capsule. Modified after Kemer 253. Other liverworts. There are many kinds of liver-worts and they are world-wide in distribution. They are usually found in damp and shady places. A few species live in the water. In the moist tropics they may be found upon the trunks or even the leaves of trees. The liverworts may have flat dorsiventral b Stock Photo

RMRE3AT8–. Practical botany. Botany. Fig. 226. A leafy liverwort (Frullania) At ^1 is a plant about natural size as it appears growing upon a piece of maple bark ; at £ is an enlarged piece of the same plant, showing its leaves, rhizoids, and the peculiar stalked spore-capsule. Modified after Kemer 253. Other liverworts. There are many kinds of liver-worts and they are world-wide in distribution. They are usually found in damp and shady places. A few species live in the water. In the moist tropics they may be found upon the trunks or even the leaves of trees. The liverworts may have flat dorsiventral b

. Botany of the living plant. Botany; Plants. Fig. 369. A, Scapania nemorosa, dorsal view of the leafy shoot, which bears a sporogonium at its tip. D, Frullania tamarisci, view of leafy shoot from below, to show the ventral row of leaves, and the two lateral rows, of which the lower lobes form pitchers. A has the " succubous," B the " incubous disposition of the leaves. (After Cavers.) A distinct line of vegetative advance is shown by the Junger- manniales, in which successive steps may be found from the thalloid state, through various forms of marginal lobes, to a full leafy de Stock Photo

RMRH7YYK–. Botany of the living plant. Botany; Plants. Fig. 369. A, Scapania nemorosa, dorsal view of the leafy shoot, which bears a sporogonium at its tip. D, Frullania tamarisci, view of leafy shoot from below, to show the ventral row of leaves, and the two lateral rows, of which the lower lobes form pitchers. A has the " succubous," B the " incubous disposition of the leaves. (After Cavers.) A distinct line of vegetative advance is shown by the Junger- manniales, in which successive steps may be found from the thalloid state, through various forms of marginal lobes, to a full leafy de

. An elementary text-book of botany, for the use of Japanese students. Botany. 136 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. I Class I. IPiliciD.se. Class II. LyoopodinsB. Class III. Kquisetinse. Group II. BRYOPHTTA. Some plants of this group, as the Sugigoke and Kosugi- goke (Pogonatum) (Fig. 129), have a stem bearing green leaves and multicellular root-hairs; while others bear unicellular root-hairs, having either a thalloid body as the Fig. 129.. Fig. 129.—Kosugigoke (Pogonatum sp.). Zenigoke (Fig. 3) or a stem bearing green leaves as the Hime-urokogoke (Frullania). Those of the former kind are called Musci, and Stock Photo

RMRDGXM0–. An elementary text-book of botany, for the use of Japanese students. Botany. 136 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. I Class I. IPiliciD.se. Class II. LyoopodinsB. Class III. Kquisetinse. Group II. BRYOPHTTA. Some plants of this group, as the Sugigoke and Kosugi- goke (Pogonatum) (Fig. 129), have a stem bearing green leaves and multicellular root-hairs; while others bear unicellular root-hairs, having either a thalloid body as the Fig. 129.. Fig. 129.—Kosugigoke (Pogonatum sp.). Zenigoke (Fig. 3) or a stem bearing green leaves as the Hime-urokogoke (Frullania). Those of the former kind are called Musci, and

RMRED6Y5–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. 62 Geschlechtsorgane (Antheridien). Frullanla, Lejeunea usw. sind lieido Lappen der Hüllblätter fast gleichgroß und bauchig hohl, dadurch nähert sich ein Blatt, z. B. von einem d Ast einer Frullania, in der Form einem iS'mj^ama-Blatt, nur ist es kleiner.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not per

RMRD2KBJ–. Elementary botany. Botany. 72 PHYSIOLOGY. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the r h i z o i d s, through which much Fig- 62 of the liquid Under side showing forked nutriment is under

RMRECFC3–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. 632 Frullania. Fig. 178. FruUauia saxicola. a Pflanze mit 2 Perianthien und (^ Aste, von der Unterseite, Verg. '7i > ^ Stengel- stück mit cT und 9 Infloreszenz, Verg. *'/, ; c Blatt mit Blattohr, d Uuterblatt, Verg. '"'/,; e Zelhietz am Blattrande, Verg. *'%; f Hüllblattkranz ausgebreitet, Verg. *"/,; g Längsschnitt durch die Perianthmündung, Verg. ^'"/i; h Kapsel- außenwaudzellen, Verg. -"^/i; i Kapselinueuwandzel

RMRECFCA–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. Frullania 607 lutereysant ist nbrigeiiw, dali in der Tertiärzeit, dem damaligen wärmereu Klima eiitsprecliend, viel melir P'rullanien in Mitteleuropa vorgekommen sind, denn unter den Hernsteiiifunden von der Samländischen Küste befinden sich nach J5e- stimmungen von (lottsche 13, nach Bestimmungen von Cas]»ary 6 Arten, die alle von den heutigen Frullanien verschieden sind. Zwei von den von (iottsche bestimmten sind einliäusig. Während di

RMRECFCB–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. 604 Frullania. Fig. 171. Frullania dilatata. (inippe sporogontrageiider PflaDzen. Verg. '/i- (Original vou P. Janzen.) aus einem lanzettlichen Blättchen. Nicht die ganze Segment- hälfte wird aber zum Blattohr. An der Verwachsungsstelle mit dem Oberlappen und dem Stengel findet sich noch ein stäbchenförmiges oder lanzettliches, sehr kleines und darum leicht zu übersehendes Gebilde (Stylus, Vergl. Fig. 95 auf S. 122 der ersten Abt. dieses

. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. 164 MUSCINE^ long fusiform thin-walled cells, marked internally by from one to three brown spiral bands, but more complicated in structure in the foliose than in the thalloid genera. Illustrative genera.—Foliose: Radula (Dum.), Jungermannia (L.), I.ejeunia (G. & L.), Frullania (Radd.), Madotheca (Dum.), Mastigo- bryum (N. ab E.), Calypogeia (Radd.), Lepidozia (Dum.), Plagiochila (Dum.), Geocalyx (N. ab E.), Chiloscyphos (Cord.), Gyrrinomitrium (N. ab E.), Lophocolea (Dum.). Thalloid: Metzgeria (Cord.), Aneura (Dum.), Fossombronia (Radd.), Pel Stock Photo

RMRE3MBD–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. 164 MUSCINE^ long fusiform thin-walled cells, marked internally by from one to three brown spiral bands, but more complicated in structure in the foliose than in the thalloid genera. Illustrative genera.—Foliose: Radula (Dum.), Jungermannia (L.), I.ejeunia (G. & L.), Frullania (Radd.), Madotheca (Dum.), Mastigo- bryum (N. ab E.), Calypogeia (Radd.), Lepidozia (Dum.), Plagiochila (Dum.), Geocalyx (N. ab E.), Chiloscyphos (Cord.), Gyrrinomitrium (N. ab E.), Lophocolea (Dum.). Thalloid: Metzgeria (Cord.), Aneura (Dum.), Fossombronia (Radd.), Pel

RMRDTHGN–. Elementary botany. Botany. 72 PHYSIOLOG Y. 169. Frullania.—In fig. 60 is shown another liverwort, which differs greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-like outgrowths. Such liverworts are called foliose liverworts. Besides these two quite prominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly developed leaves on the under surface. Also from the under surface of the axis we see here and there slender out- growths, the rh iz o i d s, t h r o u g .h which much of the liquid. Please note that these images are extracted fro

RMRECFC2–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. 634 Frxdlania Nur steril bekannt. In großen, flachen, braungrünen bis rotbraunen Rasen vom Aussehen der F. Tamarisci. Stengel 1—2 fach gefiedert, niederliegend, nicht sehr dicht beblättert. Khizoiden entspringen in kurzen Büscheln aus der Mitte der. Fig. 179. Frullania Jackii. a Stengelstück von der Unterseite, Verg. 17,; b Blatt mit Blattohr und an dessem Grunde sehr kleinem Stylus, Verg. 40/^.^ c Unterblatt mit Ebizoidbüscbel, Verg. 40

. Elementary botany. Botany. HOW PLANTS OBTAIN WATER. 25 48. Frullania.—In fig, 32 is shown another liverwort, which dififers greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-Uke outgrowths. Such liver- worts are called foliose li-erworts. Besides these two quite jjrominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly de'eloped leaves on the under surface. Also from the unrlcr surface of the a.xis we see here and there slender out- Fig- 34. growths, the Under s i d c . ° showing forked r h 1 Z O i d S , under row of leaves and l Stock Photo

RMRE3CH0–. Elementary botany. Botany. HOW PLANTS OBTAIN WATER. 25 48. Frullania.—In fig, 32 is shown another liverwort, which dififers greatly in form from the ones we have just been studying in that there is a well-defined axis with lateral leaf-Uke outgrowths. Such liver- worts are called foliose li-erworts. Besides these two quite jjrominent rows of leaves there is a third row of poorly de'eloped leaves on the under surface. Also from the unrlcr surface of the a.xis we see here and there slender out- Fig- 34. growths, the Under s i d c . ° showing forked r h 1 Z O i d S , under row of leaves and l

RMRECFC9–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. Frullania 611 Bhittmitte 20 ,u diam. In d(M- Blattmitte befinden sich liäufig ein oder zwei Reihen gfößerer. perlschnurartig aneinander gereihter Zellen. Kutikula glatt. 9 Infloreszenz an. Fig. 173. Frullauia Tamarisci. a Stück einer Pflauze von der Unterseite, mit Periauth, Verg. ''/,; b Blatt mit Blattohr, Stylus und lapi)igem Anhängsel, Verg. ^'/i; c Unterblatt, Verg. '•"/i; d Hüllblattkranz von der Unterseite gesehen, Verg. '*''

RMRECFC4–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. ^Nl. Fi^. 177. Frullania riparia. a Pflanze mit 9 Infloreszenzeu, vou der Unterseite gesehen, Verg. '^,; b Blatt mit kappeufÃ¶rmigem Blattohr, Stylus uud Uuterblatt, c Blatt mit flÃ¤chenfÃ¶rinigem Unterlappen und Stylus, Verg. â "*/,; d Unterblatt mit Rhizoiden, Verg. *"/, ; e Zell- uetz an der Blattmitte, Verg. ^'"/i- Vorkommen und Verbreitung: Die Art lebt an trockenen Urgestein- felsen (auch an Kalkfelseu) oder auf Rind

RMRED6T3–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. 122 Biologisches. '/AI Yorhiiul(M'ii. In iinserom Klima tritt die Erscheinung ^e^en die Tropen mehr zurück, dc^nn bei uns haben wir oft genug feuchte AVitte- rung, die den Pflanzen das nötige AVasser reichhch zur Verfügung stellt. Ganz anders in den Tropen, wo die Jtihulo'iden ihre Heimat haben und zwar hau])ts:ichlicli an Asten der Bäume, ja sogar auf. Fig. 95. Frullania dilatata. Stück der Pflanze von der Unterseite, o = kappenförniige

. Botanische Zeitung. Plants; Plants. 561 562 wohl in keinem Falle vollkommen den seiten- stÃ¤ndigen BlÃ¤ttern gleichen. Auch in Bezug auf die ersten Theilungen in den Segmenten herrscht vollkommene Ueber- einstimmung. Immer werden die seitenstÃ¤ndi- gen Segmente in 2 LÃ¤ngshÃ¤lften zerlegt, die sich in einigen FÃ¤llen, wie Frullania, Madotheca, Lefeunia, ziemlich selbststÃ¤ndig entwickeln, und dann als Blattober- und Unterlappen unterschie- den werden oder nur in Form von Blattzipfeln, â wie bei Jungermannia dicuspidata und Verwandten in die Erscheinung treten *). Aber auch in jenen FÃ¤llen, Stock Photo

RMRH987W–. Botanische Zeitung. Plants; Plants. 561 562 wohl in keinem Falle vollkommen den seiten- stÃ¤ndigen BlÃ¤ttern gleichen. Auch in Bezug auf die ersten Theilungen in den Segmenten herrscht vollkommene Ueber- einstimmung. Immer werden die seitenstÃ¤ndi- gen Segmente in 2 LÃ¤ngshÃ¤lften zerlegt, die sich in einigen FÃ¤llen, wie Frullania, Madotheca, Lefeunia, ziemlich selbststÃ¤ndig entwickeln, und dann als Blattober- und Unterlappen unterschie- den werden oder nur in Form von Blattzipfeln, â wie bei Jungermannia dicuspidata und Verwandten in die Erscheinung treten *). Aber auch in jenen FÃ¤llen,

. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. . fiOO. Jungermanitia * undulata. COI. Frullania* platypliylla. 602. Jungermannia albicans. Ce sillon qui s'Ã©tend sur la face supÃ©rieure du thalle, d'une extrÃ©mitÃ© Ã l'autre, se traduit sur la face infÃ©rieure par une espÃ¨ce de cÃ´te. C'est de lÃ que partent plus spÃ©cialement ces racines qui, dans les Marchantia, se dÃ©veloppent un peu partout. C'est de lÃ aussi que nais- sent parfois des organes qui ressemblent beaucoup Ã de petites feuilles, et qu'on appelle am- phigaslres. Le plus ordinairement il y Stock Photo

RMRH9XRX–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. . fiOO. Jungermanitia * undulata. COI. Frullania* platypliylla. 602. Jungermannia albicans. Ce sillon qui s'Ã©tend sur la face supÃ©rieure du thalle, d'une extrÃ©mitÃ© Ã l'autre, se traduit sur la face infÃ©rieure par une espÃ¨ce de cÃ´te. C'est de lÃ que partent plus spÃ©cialement ces racines qui, dans les Marchantia, se dÃ©veloppent un peu partout. C'est de lÃ aussi que nais- sent parfois des organes qui ressemblent beaucoup Ã de petites feuilles, et qu'on appelle am- phigaslres. Le plus ordinairement il y

RMRH9XR9–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. 604. Gymnomitl'ium Hooken. COV Frullania complanata. co.>. Jungermannia iniilliliilj. G06. Frullania Tamarisc Les feuilles sont frÃ©quemment imbriquÃ©es les unes sur les autres; seulement, dans un cer- tain nombre de plantes, elles le sont de maniÃ¨re que chaque feuille est recouverte en partie par la feuille immÃ©diatement supÃ©rieure dans la mÃªme sÃ©rie; la tige est Ã nu et la plante re- prÃ©sente assez bien une feuille composÃ©e de Sensitive, par exemple, dont toutes les folioles seraient Ã©talÃ©es (e

RMRED6YT–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz. Cryptogams -- Germany; Cryptogams -- Austria; Cryptogams -- Switzerland. -11 Fig. 31. Verschiedene Blattformen der J u n g e r m a n n i a c e e n. 1. Lophocolea bidentata. Verg. '^/i. 2. Sendtnera Saute riana. Ver^. '*;,. 3. Lepidozia r e p t a n s. Verg. ^^i- "*=• Odontoschisma (I e n u d ji t u m. Verg. i^/j. 5. M a s t i g o b r y u m t r i 1 o b a t u m. Verg. ^°/i. (;. HlepharoHtoma ir i ch o p h y 11 u ra. Verg. ^^^i- ^- P t i 1 i d i u m p u l 0 h e r r i ni u ni. Verg. ^•^i« 8. Frullänia tamari

. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi é¿æ±ä¸è§æ´²åé»è¿å°åºå-¢å-æ¤ç©å¿. botany. å¾IVâ18S Iè¾©è³å¶ç¬Frullania muscicola 1.æ¤ç©ä½ä¸é¨åï¼è ¹é¢è§ï¼ï¼X25) 2.èåè ¹é¤ºï¼X25) 3.è ¹ å¶ï¼X25) 4.å¶è¾¹ç¼ç»èï¼X 300) 5.å¶ä¸-é¨ç»èï¼X 300) å¾17 â186 æ¬§è³å¶èFrullania tamarisci 1.æ¤ç©ä½ä¸é¨åï¼è ¹é¢è§ãï¼X 21) 2.ä¾§å¶åè ¹è¾¦ï¼X 28) 3.è ¹å¶ï¼x28ã 4.å¶ä¸-é¨ç»èï¼X75) 5.å¯ä½ï¼xl70ã æ¤ç©ä½å°ï¼çæ¾äº¤ç»æçï¼çº¢è¤è²æç»¿è¤è²ãèé¿2ã4cmãå¶3åï¼è¦ç¦ç¶è½åå¼æ åãä¾§å¶éåµå½¢ï¼å ç«¯éåï¼åè ¹é¢å·æ²ï¼è ¹ç£å å½¢ï¼åç¥ä¸å»¶ï¼æ«éå½¢ï¼å ·é¿é©ï¼å¶ç»è ä¸è§åå¤è¾¹å½¢ï¼ä¸è§ä½è¨èãè ¹å¶åæ¥å½¢ï¼æµ äºè£ã äº§äºæµæ±æ®éå±±ãå«æ³ Stock Photo

RMRJCPBJ–. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi é¿æ±ä¸è§æ´²åé»è¿å°åºå-¢å-æ¤ç©å¿. botany. å¾IVâ18S Iè¾©è³å¶ç¬Frullania muscicola 1.æ¤ç©ä½ä¸é¨åï¼è ¹é¢è§ï¼ï¼X25) 2.èåè ¹é¤ºï¼X25) 3.è ¹ å¶ï¼X25) 4.å¶è¾¹ç¼ç»èï¼X 300) 5.å¶ä¸-é¨ç»èï¼X 300) å¾17 â186 æ¬§è³å¶èFrullania tamarisci 1.æ¤ç©ä½ä¸é¨åï¼è ¹é¢è§ãï¼X 21) 2.ä¾§å¶åè ¹è¾¦ï¼X 28) 3.è ¹å¶ï¼x28ã 4.å¶ä¸-é¨ç»èï¼X75) 5.å¯ä½ï¼xl70ã æ¤ç©ä½å°ï¼çæ¾äº¤ç»æçï¼çº¢è¤è²æç»¿è¤è²ãèé¿2ã4cmãå¶3åï¼è¦ç¦ç¶è½åå¼æ åãä¾§å¶éåµå½¢ï¼å ç«¯éåï¼åè ¹é¢å·æ²ï¼è ¹ç£å å½¢ï¼åç¥ä¸å»¶ï¼æ«éå½¢ï¼å ·é¿é©ï¼å¶ç»è ä¸è§åå¤è¾¹å½¢ï¼ä¸è§ä½è¨èãè ¹å¶åæ¥å½¢ï¼æµ äºè£ã äº§äºæµæ±æ®éå±±ãå«æ³

$. Die Süsswasserfauna Deutschlands : eine Exkursionsfauna. Freshwater animals; Aquatic animals. Rotatoria. 31 Länge: 500 //. In den Amphigastrien von Lebermoosen {Frullania dUalata). November. — Deutschland, ohne nähere Fundortangabe. 3. A. barbata Jans. (Fig. 49). Glashell, farblos oder etwas rötlich. Haut glatt. Rüssel mit 2 langen Borstenbüscheln, welche von den 2 seitlichen Rüssel- häkchen ausgehen. Sporen doppelt so lang wie die Breite des zu- gehörigen Gliedes. Außerordentlich lebhaft. Länge: 400 ^. Auf Frullania und in anderen Moospolstern. — Okt., Nov. — ,,Deutschland", z. B. Plön Stock Photo$

RMRCFR23–. Die Süsswasserfauna Deutschlands : eine Exkursionsfauna. Freshwater animals; Aquatic animals. Rotatoria. 31 Länge: 500 //. In den Amphigastrien von Lebermoosen {Frullania dUalata). November. — Deutschland, ohne nähere Fundortangabe. 3. A. barbata Jans. (Fig. 49). Glashell, farblos oder etwas rötlich. Haut glatt. Rüssel mit 2 langen Borstenbüscheln, welche von den 2 seitlichen Rüssel- häkchen ausgehen. Sporen doppelt so lang wie die Breite des zu- gehörigen Gliedes. Außerordentlich lebhaft. Länge: 400 ^. Auf Frullania und in anderen Moospolstern. — Okt., Nov. — ,,Deutschland", z. B. Plön

RMRCPRY4–. Die Algen, Moose und Farnpflanzen.. . Xaf. XXII. 1. Pellia epiphylla mit 3rrüd)ten, k ®att)ptra. 2. Blasia pusilla. 3. Cephalozia (Jungermannia) bicuspidata: £äng§jtf)nitt be3 unreifen ©poro* goniumS, k ®alt)ptra, a unoefrudjtet peutieoeneä 2Ird)egonium, p ^eriantt). 4. Riella helicophylla. 5. Frullania Tamarisci, ©tengelftücf tiou unten geferjen, w SBafieriacf, a 2lmpt)igaftrien. 6. Leptolejeunia stenophylla, aufgesprungene Sapfel, e (Jlateren, k Salrjptra, a 2trd)egoniurnfjalä. 7. Frullania dilatata, (Statere. 8. Scapania nemorosa. 9. Plagiochila gigantea. o baf3 biejer weiter roädjft unb

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