A check list of Norwegian Tipulidae (Diptera) - Norsk entomologisk ...
A check list of Norwegian Tipulidae (Diptera) - Norsk entomologisk ...
A check list of Norwegian Tipulidae (Diptera) - Norsk entomologisk ...
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No. 4<br />
19 2<br />
SER. B VOL. 39 O. 2<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> Journal <strong>of</strong> Entomology<br />
PUBLISHED BY<br />
NORSK ZOOLOGISK TIDSSKRIFfSE TRAL<br />
OSW
Fauna norvegica Ser. B<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> Journal <strong>of</strong> Entomology<br />
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Wim Vader, Troms0, Svein Haftorn and John O.<br />
Solem, Trondheim, Rolf Vik, Oslo.<br />
Kristiansen & W0ien, Oslo. ISSN 0332-7698<br />
Fauna (<strong>Norsk</strong> Zoologisk Forening) har gatt ut av <strong>Norsk</strong> Zoologisk Tidsskriftsentral. Avtalen om<br />
gjensidig reduserte abonnementspriser pa foreningens tidsskrifter vii for fremtiden derfor bare<br />
gjelde melIom <strong>Norsk</strong> Entomologisk Forening og <strong>Norsk</strong> Ornitologisk Forening.
<strong>Norwegian</strong> Species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola Harris, 1776 (<strong>Diptera</strong>:<br />
Anisopodidae).<br />
GEIR E. E. S0LI<br />
S01i, G. E. E. 1992. <strong>Norwegian</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola Harris, 1776 (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Anisopodidae).<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 49-54.<br />
Four species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola are recorded from Norway, S. cinctus (Fabricius, 1787), S.<br />
fenestralis (Scopoli, 1763), S. zetterstedti (Edwards, 1923) and S. punctatus (Fabricius,<br />
1787). A key for the identification <strong>of</strong>the species, both males and females, is given.<br />
The <strong>Norwegian</strong> distribution is commented on; S. cinctus is by far the most common<br />
species in Norway, but all species seem to be widely distributed.<br />
Geir E. E. S01i, Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, University <strong>of</strong> Bergen, Museplass 3, N-5007<br />
Bergen, Norway.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
The family Anisopodidae consists <strong>of</strong> six genera,<br />
Sylvicola Harris, Olbiogaster Osten<br />
Sacken, Lobogaster Philippi, Carreraia Correa,<br />
Mycetobia Meigen and Mesochria Enderlein.<br />
Traditionally the family has been divided<br />
into two subfamilies, Anisopodinae and<br />
Mycetobiinae, <strong>of</strong> which Mycetobiinae is<br />
made up <strong>of</strong> Mesochria and Mycetobia. These<br />
subfamilies have also been raised to family<br />
level (e.g. S06s & Papp 1986, 1988), but their<br />
taxonomical position are still unsatisfactory<br />
outlined (Peterson 1981).<br />
Only three genera have been recorded<br />
from the palaearctic region, viz. Mycetobia,<br />
Sylvicola and Olbiogaster. Of these, Olbiogaster,<br />
is recorded from Japan only (Krivosheina<br />
1986). Species <strong>of</strong> Mycetobia and Sylvicola<br />
have been recorded from all parts <strong>of</strong><br />
Fennoscandia (e.g. S0li 1992).<br />
Five species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola Harris, 1776 occur<br />
in Northern Europe, S. cinctus (Fabricius,<br />
1787), S.fenestralis(Scopoli, 1763), S.<br />
zetterstedti (Edwards, 1923), S. punctatus<br />
(Fabricius, 1787) and S. fuscatus (Fabricius,<br />
1787). In addition S. limpida (Edwards,<br />
1923) has been recorded from Central Europe<br />
(Krivosheina 1986). All five North European<br />
species have been recorded from<br />
Sweden (Wahlgren 1905, Tjeder 1954, Andersson<br />
1967) and Finland (Hackman 1980),<br />
while only three species from Denmark (Pedersen<br />
1968) (Tab. 1). Of these, S. zetterstedti<br />
has not been recorded outside Great<br />
Britain and Scandinavia (Krivosheina 1986).<br />
Little attention has been <strong>of</strong>fered these flies in<br />
Norway. The first and only survey on <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
species, is that given by Siebke<br />
(1877). Since then only a few records have<br />
been published from Norway (Lindner 1930,<br />
Davies 1955).<br />
European species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola are recognized<br />
as medium sized nematocera, 4-7 mm<br />
long with spotted wings and a relatively stout<br />
body and a blunt abdomen. They have a<br />
roundish head with large eyes and rather<br />
compact 16-segmented antennae. Pratt &<br />
Pratt (1980) gives the following characters<br />
for differentiating Sylvicola from other ne-<br />
Table I. The fennoscandian distribution <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola spp.<br />
S. cinctus S. fenestralis S. zetterstedti S. punctatus S·fuscatus<br />
SWEDEN x x x x x<br />
DENMARK x x x<br />
FINLAND x x x x x<br />
NORWAY x x x x<br />
Fauna norY. SeT. B 39: 49-54. Oslo 1992 49
8110 /<br />
oedgd<br />
gon8t<br />
goncx ___<br />
A<br />
Fig. 1. Male genitalia <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> Sylvicola-species. A: S. fenestralis (Scopoli), B: S. punctatus<br />
(Fabricius), C: S. zetterstedti (Edwards), D: S. cinctus (Fabricius).<br />
Abbreviations: aedg gd, aedaegal guide; gonst, gonostyli; goncx, gonocoxite; stl 0, sternum 10.<br />
matocera: «Three ocelli, mesoscutum without<br />
V-shaped transverse suture, wings with<br />
three branches <strong>of</strong> R and three branches <strong>of</strong> M<br />
reaching margine, discal cell present, eu1<br />
and 1 A present, wing membrane with numerous<br />
microtrichia, and hind tibia with a comb<br />
<strong>of</strong> short spinules on the posterodorsal surface.»<br />
The larva has a well developed head capsule<br />
and moves in a serpentine manner. The<br />
larval stages <strong>of</strong>Sylvicola have been thoroughly<br />
studied by, among others Keilin & Tate<br />
(1940). Pupation takes place in the larval<br />
habitat without the formation <strong>of</strong> a cocoon.<br />
Early stages are found in moist to wet decaying<br />
and fermenting organic matter, and may<br />
cause damage to vegetables and fruits not<br />
stored in an appropriate manner. Hancock<br />
(1990) reports larvae <strong>of</strong>S. cinctus feeding on<br />
a decaying carcase <strong>of</strong> a sheep. Intestinal and<br />
urogenital myiasis are documented in the<br />
literature (e.g. Peterson 1981); and the collection<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, Bergen,<br />
contains one larva found in the faeces <strong>of</strong> a<br />
young child.<br />
Adult flies are frequently found indoors,<br />
which is also indicated by their <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
name «vindusmygg», meaning «window<br />
gnats». Adult males can <strong>of</strong>ten be seen swarming<br />
in small groups.<br />
METHODS<br />
Identification may cause some problems, and<br />
misidentified specimens are frequent in collections.<br />
Several keys are using the colouration<br />
<strong>of</strong> femora and thorax for separating the<br />
three species, S. cinctus, S. fenestralis and S.<br />
zetterstedti (e.g. Freeman 1950), but a reliable<br />
identification can only be made by studying<br />
the genitalia. For this, I have added an<br />
illustrated key. Males can easily be identified<br />
by external characters alone; females, however,<br />
must be slightly dissected for a certain<br />
identification. This can be done by carefully<br />
lifting up the hypogynal valve. Only speci<br />
50
Fig. 2. Female genitalia <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> Sylvicola-species. A: S. fenestralis (Scopoli), B: S. punctatus<br />
(Fabricius), C: S. zetterstedti (Edwards), D: S. cinctus (Fabricius).<br />
Abbreviations: cerc, cerci; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; gen fk, genital fork; spmth, spermatheca.<br />
mens stored in alcohol, or other fluids, can be<br />
treated in this way. For dry specimens, the<br />
abdomen must be s<strong>of</strong>tened in 8% potassiumhydroxide<br />
and neutralized in acetic acid. It<br />
can then be stored in glycerol in corked micro<br />
vials, and pinned to the needle.<br />
KEY TO NORWEGIAN SPECIES OF<br />
SYLVICOLA:<br />
(The terminology used is in accordance with<br />
Peterson (1980».<br />
1. Cell M I pointed at base; hind margin <strong>of</strong> gonocoxite<br />
deeply concave ventrally, terminal part<br />
broad and strongly setose; Sternum·1O with<br />
two small lobes (Fig. Ib); Vaginal valve thick,<br />
pillow-like; genital fork pointed (Fig. 2b)<br />
Subgenus Anisopus Meigen (l sp)<br />
punctatus (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
(S. fuscatus (Fabricius, 1775) would run to<br />
here, but can, according to Pratt & Pratt<br />
(1980), be recognized by a dark marking in<br />
Cell R5 behind the stigmal spot. Males can be<br />
identified by two fingerlike lobes near apex <strong>of</strong><br />
the gonocoxite.)<br />
- Cell M I truncate at base; hind margin <strong>of</strong> gonocoxite<br />
straight or nearly so; gonostyli clawlike<br />
or rodlike; Sternum 10 broad; Vaginal valve<br />
not pillow-like<br />
Subgenus Sylvicola Harris (3 spp.) 2<br />
2. Males 3<br />
- Females 5<br />
3. Eyes almost touching, approximately one facet<br />
width apart; gonostyli nearly triangular with a<br />
broad rounded base; aedeagal guide prominent<br />
and extending below apex <strong>of</strong> gonostyli (Fig.<br />
Ic) zetterstedti (Edwards, 1923)<br />
- Eyes widely apart; gonostyli slender, not with<br />
rounded base; eadeagal guide with apex notced<br />
and not extending below apex <strong>of</strong> gonostyli 4<br />
4. Gonnostyli long and slender, with basal tooth;<br />
aedaegal guide broad and strongly sclerotized<br />
(Fig. la) fenestralis (Scopoli, 1763)<br />
- Gonostyli more blunt, without basal tooth;<br />
51
. ,L ,.---1'<br />
- -l.-~V::<br />
f~'<br />
~<br />
----;rr-_ ,<br />
~<br />
-,<br />
Fig. 4. The distri<br />
bution <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola<br />
fenestralis in Norway.<br />
Fig. 3. The distribution<br />
<strong>of</strong> Sylvicola<br />
cinctus in Norway.<br />
_f-~" \<br />
,.<br />
_k~'-\'~<br />
'l'-~' " .....r •... ,.).<br />
_~1-~_---: .' ". '<br />
__,r" .. D-:c.'<br />
.... ".<br />
".!~.'---~;.' "<br />
~... \,.Y<br />
" ....,..<br />
'.. ,-'-ttie\-::rf\'j<br />
--+-<br />
~<br />
' " '.' .--"--,----"'"<br />
t ~J!" >- '<br />
. ',-, ,,;~,<br />
:. \ -~<br />
"...._)·.I~<br />
~fl-1 \'~<br />
~-HJiIB<br />
--cttt J<br />
'.<br />
.11Ili'<br />
aedaegal guide narrow, median part with lateral<br />
tooth, not strongly sclerotized (Fig. Id)<br />
cinctus (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
5. Genital fork Y-shaped, without sclerotized<br />
rods; spermatheca small (Fig. 2a)<br />
fenestralis (Scopoli, 1763)<br />
- Genital fork more or less V-shaped with two<br />
sclerotized rods; spermatheca small or large<br />
(Fig. 2c, d) 6<br />
6. Sclerotized rods on genital fork converging towards<br />
apex; hind margin <strong>of</strong> genital fork obscure;<br />
spermatheca large (nearly twice as broad as<br />
stem <strong>of</strong> genital fork) (Fig. 2c)<br />
zetterstedti (Edwards, 1923)<br />
- Sclerotized rods on genital fork parallele; hind<br />
margin <strong>of</strong> genital fork distinct; spermatheca<br />
small (not broader than the stem <strong>of</strong> the genital<br />
fork) (Fig. 2d)<br />
cinctus (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
NORWEGIAN RECORDS<br />
The material comprises nearly 1300 specimens<br />
<strong>of</strong> 4 species. Collections from Museum<br />
<strong>of</strong> Zoology, Bergen (ZMB) and Troms0 Museum,<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Troms0 (TM) have been<br />
revised. A high number <strong>of</strong> specimens have<br />
been added to the collection <strong>of</strong> Bergen from<br />
light trap, malaise trap and sweep net catches<br />
from different parts <strong>of</strong> the country.<br />
Except for S. zetterstedti, localitions are<br />
given as municipalities within each biogeographical<br />
province. These provinces are used<br />
according to Strand' system as revised by<br />
0kland (1981).<br />
Sylvicola cinctus (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
0: Moss Hvaler, Spydeberg, Rakkestad; AK:<br />
Vestby, As, Frogn, Nesodden; HES: Eidskog; os:<br />
Lunner; ON: Vagli; B0: Kongsberg, Kr0dsherad,<br />
Nedre Eiker; YE: N0tter0Y, Tj0me; TEY: Pors<br />
grunn; TEl: Kviteseid; AAY: Arendal; AAI: Byg<br />
land; VAY: Mandal, Flekkefjord, S0gne, Marnar<br />
dal; RY: Eigersund, Bjerkreim, Tysva:r, Karm0Y;<br />
RI: Forsand, Hjelmeland; HOY: Bergen, Sveio,<br />
Tysnes, Fusa, Stord, Samnanger, Os, Sund,<br />
Ask0Y, Oster0y, 0ygarden, Lindlis; HOI: Kvinn<br />
herad, Ullensvang, Eidfjord, Ulvik, Granvin,<br />
Kvam; SFY: Gulen, H0yanger, Naustdal; SFI:<br />
Leikanger; MRY: Molde, Hareid; STI: Trond<br />
heim, Oppdal; NTI: Stj0rdal, H0ylandet; NSY:<br />
Bod0, S0nna; NNV: 0ksnes; TRY: Troms0, Karls<br />
0y, Skjerv0Y.<br />
Material: 337 males, 617 females.<br />
Distribution: all parts <strong>of</strong> the country, north to<br />
Karls0Y, Troms (Fig. 3).<br />
Collecting period: April-December.<br />
Sylvicola fenestralis (Scopoli, 1763)<br />
AK: Oslo, Vestby, Frogn; B0: Kongsberg; VE<br />
Tj0me, Larvik; AA Y: Lillesand; VAY: Flekke<br />
fjord; HOY: Bergen, Ask0y, 0ygarden; HOI: Ul<br />
lensvang; SFY: Gulen, H0yanger; TRI: Malselv,<br />
Balsfjord.<br />
Materials: 11 males, 26 females.<br />
Distribution: Southern Norway, Troms (Fig. 4).<br />
Collecting period: June-August, October-De<br />
cember.<br />
SyMcola zetterstedti (Edwards, 1923)<br />
VAY: Flekkefjord, Gyland, 21.06.-6.07.1982 (I<br />
f (ZMB 15103»; HOY: Samnanger, Tysse, 21.<br />
28.09.1980 (1 f) leg. T. Andersen; B0fdal,<br />
10.10.1982 (1 m) leg. T. Andersen; SFI: Luster,<br />
Jostedalen, Sprongdalen, 23.06.1988 (I m 2 ff)<br />
leg. G. S0li; MRY: Hareid, Hareidlandet, 1<br />
20.05.1990 (1 f) leg. J. Korsnes; NSY: Bod0,<br />
Kronli, Urskar, 15.07.1984 (3 ff) leg. A. Fjeldsli;<br />
TRY: Troms0, Troms0, 30.08.1922 (l f (TM»,<br />
26.06.1926 (l m (TM», 8.09.1934 (l m (TM»,<br />
0.08.1941 (1 m (TM» leg. T. Soot-Ryen; TRI:<br />
Mlilselv, Dividalen, L. Jerta, 24.06.1986 (1 m<br />
(TM» leg. Fjellberg & Midtgaard; FV: Hasvik,<br />
S0rva:r, 16.06.1986 (l m) leg. G. S01i.<br />
Material: 7 males 10 females.<br />
Distribution: Scattered records north to S0r0ya,<br />
Finnmark (Fig. 5).<br />
Collecting period: June-July, September-Oc<br />
tober.<br />
Sylvicola punctatus (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
0: Halden; AK: Vestby, As, Nesodden, Nanne<br />
stad; HES: Ringsaker; ON: Vestre Slidre; B0:<br />
Nedre Eiker; BV: Hemsedal; TEY: Porsgrunn;<br />
AAY: Arendal; VAY: Marnardal; VAI: Kvinesdal;<br />
RY: Ha, Tysva:r, Karm0Y; HOY: Bergen, Sveio,<br />
Samnanger, Oster0Y, Lindas; HOI: Kvinnherad,<br />
Eidfjord, Ulvik, Voss; SFY: H0yanger; SFI: Aur<br />
land, Luster, Stryn; MRY: Molde, Hareid; NTI:<br />
Stj0rdal; NSI: Saltdal; NN0: S0rfold; TRI: Stor<br />
fjord.<br />
Material: 146 males, 131 females.<br />
Distribution: All parts <strong>of</strong> the country north to<br />
Storfjord, Troms (Fig. 6).<br />
Collecting period: May-October.<br />
DISCUSSION<br />
All four species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola recorded in<br />
Norway seem to be widely distributed. However,<br />
S. cinctus and S. punctatus are by far the<br />
most common species in all parts <strong>of</strong>the country.<br />
Gaps in the distribution <strong>of</strong> these two species,<br />
as indicated in Fig. 3 and 6, must, most<br />
probably, be sought in the want <strong>of</strong>COllecting.<br />
S. zetterstedti appears to be quite rare in<br />
Norway, and most specimens have been<br />
53
1<br />
found in northern Norway, and in montainous<br />
areas in southern Norway.<br />
S. fuscatus has so far not been recorded<br />
from Norway. The species may, however,<br />
well be found in eastern part <strong>of</strong> Northern<br />
Norway as it has been recorded from Lycksele<br />
Lappmark, Sweden (Anderson 1967).<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT<br />
I am indebted to Lita Greve, Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology,<br />
University <strong>of</strong>Bergen, and to Arne Fjellberg,<br />
Troms0 Museum, University <strong>of</strong>Troms0<br />
for loan <strong>of</strong> museum material. My sincere<br />
thanks to all those who have supported me<br />
with material from malaise and light trap<br />
catches.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong>e arter av Sy/vico/a Harris, 1776<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>: Anisopodidae).<br />
4 arter av slekten Sy/vico/a er kjent fra Norge,<br />
S. cinctus (Fabricius; 1787), S. fenestra/is<br />
(Scopoli, 1763), S. zetterstedti (Edwards,<br />
1923) og S. punctatus (Fabricius, 1787). Av<br />
disse er S. cinctus den vanligste arten i Norge,<br />
men aile synes a ha en vid utbredelse. I artikkelen<br />
finnes en bestemmelsesn0kkel for de<br />
norske artene, bade hanner og hunner.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Andersson, H. 1967. Notes on Swedish <strong>Diptera</strong>.<br />
- Opusc. Ent. 32: 121-122.<br />
Davies, L. 1955. Some <strong>Diptera</strong> collected at Holandsfjord,<br />
Norway. Narsk ent. Tidsskr. 9:<br />
71-72.<br />
Freeman, P. 1950. Anisopodidae. - Handb.<br />
Ident. Brit. Insects 9 (2): 70-72.<br />
Hackman, W. 1980. A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Finnish<br />
<strong>Diptera</strong> I. Nematocera and Brachycera (s.str.).<br />
Natulae ent. 60: 17-48.<br />
Hancock, E. G. 1990. Sylvicola cinctus (F.)<br />
(Dipt., Anisopodidae) as a carrion feeder. <br />
Ent. Month. Mag. 126: 50.<br />
Keilin, D. & Tate, P. 1940. The early stages <strong>of</strong> the<br />
families Trichoceridae and Anisopodidae (=<br />
Rhyphidae) (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Nematocera). - Trans.<br />
R. ent. soc. Lond. 90: 39-62.<br />
Krivosheina, N. P. 1986. Family Anisopodidae,<br />
pp. 330-332 in: S06s, A. & Papp, L. (eds.)<br />
Catalogue <strong>of</strong>palaearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>. Vol. 4: Sciaridae-Anisapodidae.<br />
Elsevier. Amsterdam.<br />
Lindner, E. 1930. Phryneidae (Anisopodidae,<br />
Rhyphidae), pp. 1-10 in: Lindner, E. (ed.) Die<br />
Fliegen der paliiarktischen Region. Vol. 2(1).<br />
Stuttgart.<br />
0kland, K. A. 1981. Jnndeling av Norge til bruk<br />
av biogeografiske oppgaver - et revidert<br />
Strand-system. - Fauna. Oslo 34: 167-178.<br />
Pedersen, B. V. 1968. Studies on the Danish Anisopodidae.<br />
- Ent. Meddr 36: 225-231.<br />
Peterson, B. V. 1981. Anisopodidae, pp. 305<br />
312 in: McAlpine et aI. (eds.) Manual <strong>of</strong>Nearctic<br />
<strong>Diptera</strong>. Vol. 1. - Research Branch agriculture<br />
Canada. Monograph No. 27. Ottawa. Ontario.<br />
Prat, G. K. & Prat, H. D. 1980. Notes on Nearctic<br />
Sylvicola (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Anispopodidae). - Proc.<br />
Entoma/. Sac. Wash. 82: 86-98.<br />
Siebke, H. 1877. Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegicorum.<br />
Fasciculum IV: Catalagum Dipterorum<br />
Cantinentem. A. W. Br0gger, Christiania. 255<br />
pp.<br />
S0li, G. E. E. 1992. Mycetobia gemel/a Mamaev,<br />
1968 - First record <strong>of</strong> Mycetobiinae in Norway<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>: Anisopodidae). Fauna norv.<br />
Ser. B 39: 000-000.<br />
S06s, A. & Papp, L. (eds.) 1986. Catalogue <strong>of</strong><br />
palaearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>. Vo/. 4: Sciaridae-Anisopodidae.<br />
Elsevier. Amsterdam. 442 pp.<br />
- 1988. Catalogue <strong>of</strong>palaearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>. Vol. 3:<br />
Ceratopogonidae-Mycetophilidae. Elsevier.<br />
Amsterdam. 4~8 pp.<br />
Tjeder, B. 1954. Ostskdnska insekter 2. Hymenoptera<br />
(forts.) och <strong>Diptera</strong> Nematocera (partim).<br />
- Opusc. Ent. 19: 205-209.<br />
Svensk Insekt<br />
Wahlgren, E. 1905. Rhyphidae. -<br />
fauna 11 (1): 67-68.<br />
Received 15 May 1991.<br />
54
Contribution to the knowledge <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
Lepidoptera IV. The <strong>Norwegian</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Pammene<br />
Hiibner (Tortricidae)<br />
LEIF AARVIK<br />
Aarvik,~. 1992. Contribution to the knowledge <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Norwegian</strong> Lepidoptera IV. The<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Pammene HUbner (Tortricidae). Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 55-61.<br />
New distributional records <strong>of</strong> the tortricid genus Pammene HUbner are <strong>list</strong>ed. P.<br />
insulana (Guenee, 1845): P. ignorata Kuznetsov. 1968 and P. suspectana (Lienig &<br />
Zeller, 1846) are new to Norway. Pammene agnotana Rebel, 1914 is deleted from the<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>list</strong>. EIS-grid maps are given for all species.<br />
Leif Aarvik, Nyborgvn. 19 A, N-1430 As, Norway.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Leaf roller moths <strong>of</strong> the genus Pammene<br />
Hiibner generally are rare in collections. The<br />
adult moths mostly fly round the tops <strong>of</strong> the<br />
host trees, and are seldom attracted to light.<br />
As a result the distribution <strong>of</strong> most species is<br />
poorly known. However, recent collecting<br />
with the pheromones, indicated that several<br />
species are more common than previously<br />
though.<br />
The genus Pammene is characteristic by the<br />
presence <strong>of</strong> long pencils <strong>of</strong> hair-scales on tergite<br />
6 in males. Some species also have pencils<br />
on tergite 7 and even on tergite 8.<br />
The palearctic species were monographed<br />
by Danilevsky & Kuznetsov (1968) in their<br />
monumental work on the tribe Laspeyresiini<br />
(= Grapholitini) <strong>of</strong> the USSR. They divided<br />
the genus into two subgenera, Eucelis Hubner<br />
and Pammene s.str. The latter is defined<br />
by a venational character: Males have Sc and<br />
R in the hindwing fused in spical half. Subgenus<br />
Eucelis is small, and most subsequent<br />
authors have placed its members in Cydia<br />
Hiibner, 1825. But the presence <strong>of</strong> hair-scales<br />
on the male abdomen shows that this is incorrect.<br />
Our single member <strong>of</strong> the subgenus Eucelis,<br />
viz. ga/licana Guenee, 1845, has pencils<br />
<strong>of</strong> hair-scales on tergite 6 and is definitely<br />
a Pammene species.<br />
The taxonomy and nomenclature <strong>of</strong> many<br />
N. European species were confused until<br />
Wolff (1965, 1968) clarified the problems.<br />
All our species can be identified by means <strong>of</strong><br />
the excellent genitalia figures given by Kuz-<br />
Fauna no,v. Se,. B 39: 55-61. Oslo 1992<br />
netsov (1989). The British species are figured<br />
in colour by Bradley et al. (1979). For information<br />
on distribution outside Scandinavia<br />
and biology, the works by Bradley et al.<br />
(1979), Palm (1982) and Kuznetsov (1989)<br />
can be consulted.<br />
For the present study I have examined the<br />
collections <strong>of</strong> the Zoological museums in<br />
Oslo and Bergen; Statens Plantevern, As:<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> institutt for skogforskning, As; as well<br />
as several private collections. An important<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the material was collected by Pr<strong>of</strong>. Alf<br />
Bakke and Torgeir Edland in sticky traps fitted<br />
with pheromones. The moths obtained by<br />
this method usually were so damaged that<br />
they ccould only be identified by their genitalia.<br />
The genitalia slides which were prepared<br />
from this material are deposited in the author's<br />
collection.<br />
A species deleted from the <strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>list</strong><br />
Pammene agnotana Rebel, 1914 was reported<br />
new to Norway by Opheim (1977). The<br />
record was based on a specimen collected by<br />
Eivind Palm at TEI, B0: BIasj0 on 17 Jun.<br />
1976. On my request Palm kindly sent me the<br />
specimen for examination. It turned out to be<br />
a worn specimen <strong>of</strong> Cydia strobilella (Linnaeus,<br />
1758).<br />
List <strong>of</strong> records<br />
In the present account records which are new<br />
to the faunal districts, as defined by 0kland<br />
(1981), are <strong>list</strong>ed.<br />
55
1<br />
2<br />
~<br />
3<br />
5<br />
Fig. 1-5. Male valva <strong>of</strong> Pammene Hb. - I. P.<br />
insulana Gn. Genital prep. 1335 L. Aarvik. - 2.<br />
P. ignorata Kuzn. Genital prep. 1373 L. Aarvik.<br />
- 3. P. clanculana Tgstr. Genital prep. 534 L.<br />
Aarvik. - 4. P. clanculana Tgstr. Genital prep.<br />
557 L. Aarvik. - 5. P. obscurana Stph. Genital<br />
prep. 1056 L. Aarvik. - Scale 0,5 mm.<br />
The following abbreviations are used:<br />
ABa<br />
KBe<br />
LAa<br />
NISK<br />
NKn<br />
TEd<br />
SAB<br />
SP<br />
SSv<br />
2MB<br />
ZMO<br />
AlfBakke<br />
Kai Berggren<br />
Leif Aarvik<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> institutt for skogforskning<br />
Nils Knaben<br />
Torgeir Edland<br />
Sigurd A. Bakke<br />
Statens plantevern<br />
Svein Svendsen<br />
Zoologisk museum Bergen<br />
Zoologisk museum Oslo<br />
Pammene gallicana (Gueneee, 1845) Map:<br />
Fig. 6<br />
Previous records: RY, HOY (Opheim 1976).<br />
New records: VAY, Farsund: Nordhassel e5<br />
20 Jul. 1980 LAa leg. & coil.; Lindesnes:<br />
Lindesnes e5 20 Jul. 1980 T. Nielsen leg. SSv<br />
coil.; Kristiansand: Flekker0Y e5 21 J ul. 1983<br />
KBe leg. & colI..<br />
Pammene fasciana (Linnaeus, 1761) Map:<br />
Fig. 7<br />
Previous records: 0, YE, VA Y (Opheim<br />
1976).<br />
Pammene splendidulana (Guenee, 1845)<br />
Map: Fig. 8<br />
Previous records: 0. Sarpsborg 21 May 1920<br />
E. Barca leg.; AK, As: Arungen ex Salix 15<br />
March 1960 S. Tvermyr leg. (Barca 1922,<br />
Opheim 1976, 1981)<br />
New records: AK, Brerum: Ost0ya ~ 31 May<br />
1986 LAa leg. & coil.; YE, Tj0me: Mout<br />
marka e5 29 May 1982 KBe leg. & colI.; Lar<br />
vik: Rakke 5 ex 25 May 1987 LAa leg. &<br />
colI.; AAY, Grimstad: Sreveli ~ 26 May 1987<br />
KBe leg. & colI.<br />
Note: The only known food plant is Quercus.<br />
I suspect that the specimen from Arungen is<br />
mislabelled.<br />
Pammene insulana (Guenee, 1845) Map: Fig.<br />
9<br />
New to Norway: 0, Rade: Tomb 2 e5 1-13<br />
Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slides in coil. LAa;<br />
AK, Frogn: Ha0ya e5 19-26 Jun. 1983 LAa<br />
leg. & coil.; As: Herumhagen 2 e5 3-10 Jun.<br />
1980 TEd leg. genital slides in coil. LAa;<br />
Kroer e5 May-Jun. 1984 ABa leg. genital<br />
slide in coil. LAa; HES, Eidskog: Helgesj0en<br />
2 e5 May-Jun. 1984 ABa leg. Genital slides<br />
56
6 r!,. 101~ 7<br />
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Fig. 6-13. Distribution <strong>of</strong> Pammene species in Norway shown on EIS-maps. - 6. P. gallicana Gn. - 7.<br />
P.fasciana L. - 8. P. splendidulana Gn. - 9. P. insulana Gn. - 10. P. ignorata Kuzn. -11. P. argyrana<br />
Hb. - 12. P. suspectana Lien. & Zell. - 13. P. albuginana Gn.
0<br />
14<br />
16<br />
15 r..'" to u, 12<br />
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Fig, 14-20. Distribution <strong>of</strong> Pammene species in Norway shown on EIS-maps, - 14. P. clancu/ana<br />
Tgstr. - 15. P. obscurana Stph. - 16. P./uedersiana Sorh. - 17. P. rhediella Cl. -18. P.popu/ana F.<br />
- 19. P. regiana Zell. - 20. P. ochsenheimeriana Lien. & Zell.
in colI. LAa; AAY, Tvedestrand: Laget ~ 21<br />
Jun. 1928 NKn leg. 2MB colI.<br />
In Sweden P. insulana has been collected<br />
in six provinces north to Norrbotten (Svensson<br />
et al. 1987). It is also known from S.<br />
Finland, but not from Denmark. Otherwise<br />
from W. Europe eastwards to the Far East <strong>of</strong><br />
the USSR and NE. China (Kuznetsov 1989).<br />
Not in Britain. Food plants are trees <strong>of</strong> Betulaceae<br />
and also galls <strong>of</strong> oak (Kuznetsov<br />
1989).<br />
Male valva on fig. I.<br />
Pammene ignorata Kuznetsov, 1968 Map:<br />
Fig. 10<br />
New to Norway: 0. Halden: Osdalen 0' 29<br />
Jun. 1987 SSv leg. & colI.; AK, Oslo: Ullern<br />
0' March 1989 ex Ulmus glabra ABa leg. SAB<br />
colI.; As: Kroer 2 0' May-Jun. 1984 ABa<br />
leg. genitial slides in colI. LAs; Nordby 0' 31<br />
May 1985 LAa leg. & colI.<br />
P. ignorata is known from twelve Swedish<br />
provinces north to Hiilsingland (Svensson et<br />
al. 1987), from S. Finland and Denmark.<br />
Otherwise in the USSR eastwards to the<br />
southern part <strong>of</strong> the Far East (Kuznetsov<br />
1989).<br />
The species' biology has not been known,<br />
and the present record <strong>of</strong> a reared specimen<br />
from Ulmus glabra is the first indication <strong>of</strong> its<br />
food plant.<br />
Note: P. ignorata Kuznetsov, P. insulana<br />
Guenee and the C. European P. ga/licolana<br />
Lien. & Zell. are very close. P. ignorata was<br />
confused with ga/licolana until Wolff (1968)<br />
differentiated the two species. The male genitalia<br />
are somewhat variable in the group.<br />
Kuznetsov (1989) stated that the number <strong>of</strong><br />
strong spines on the sacculus <strong>of</strong> the valva are<br />
2-3 in insulana and 4-6in ignorata. However,<br />
in the <strong>Norwegian</strong> material I have examined,<br />
the number <strong>of</strong> spines overlaps in the<br />
two species. The outline <strong>of</strong> the valvae <strong>of</strong> insulana<br />
and ignorata are shown on figure I and 2<br />
respectively.<br />
Pammene argyrana (Hubner, 1799) Map:<br />
Fig. 11<br />
Previous record: 0. Sarpsborg 1920-1922<br />
E. Barca leg. (Barca 1922, Opheim 1976).<br />
New records: AK, Asker: Sem 2 0' Jun. 1987:<br />
Frogn: Hallangen 0' 28 May 1988; As:<br />
Nordby 5 0' 31 May 1985: VE, Larvik: Rakke<br />
7 0' 25-26 May 1987 LAa leg. & colI.;<br />
Tj0me: Mostranda 0', ~ 18 May 1976 T. Andersen<br />
leg. 2MB colI.; TEY, Nome: Helgja 0'<br />
I-IQ Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slide in<br />
colI. LAa; VA Y, Kristiansand: Stangenes lex<br />
26 Jun. 1976 SSv leg. & colI.; Flekkefjord:<br />
Nuland 0' 30 May-3 Jun. 1978; 0vre Sandsmark<br />
0' 30 May-3 Jun. 1978; VAI, Kvinesdal:<br />
Lindland 0' 30 May-3 Jun. 1978 TEd<br />
leg. genital slides in colI. LAa; HOY, Bergen:<br />
Adlandsskifte ~ 23 May 1939 NKn leg. 2MB<br />
colI.; HOI, Ullensvang: Kolgrevene ~ 3 Jun.<br />
1975 ex Malus TEd leg. SP colI.; SFY Gloppen:<br />
Apalset 0' I-IQ Jun. 1980 TEd leg.<br />
genital slide in colI. LAa.<br />
Pammene suspectana (Lienig & Zeller, 1846)<br />
Map: Fig. 12<br />
New to Norway: AK, As: As 6 0' 15-29 May<br />
1990 SAB leg. & colI.; VE, VAle: Lang0ya ~<br />
ultimo Jun. 1987 L. O. Hansen leg. & coil.,<br />
TEI, Sauherad: Sauherad prestegard 2 0'<br />
15-25 Jun. 1978; AAY, Grimstad; Landvik<br />
0' I-IQ Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slides in<br />
colI. LAa.; Trom0Y: Hefte 0' 24 May 1990<br />
SAB leg. & coil. In Sweden P. suspectana has<br />
been recorded in SHne and 0 stergotland<br />
only (Svensson et al. 1987). There are single<br />
records from various parts <strong>of</strong> S. and C. Europe<br />
and also NW. Africa (Kuznetsov 1989).<br />
The species is rare everywhere it occurs.<br />
According to Kuznetsov (1989) the larva<br />
lives under the bark <strong>of</strong> ash.<br />
Pammene albugina (Guenee, 1845) Map:<br />
Fig. 13<br />
Previous records: VE, Tj0me: Mostranda 25<br />
May 1974 A. FjeldsA leg.; VAY, Kristian<br />
sand: Stangenes 25 Jun. 1976 KBe leg. (Op<br />
heim 1976, 1979).<br />
New records: 0i' RAde: Tomb 0' 20 Jun.<br />
1980; AK, As: AS 2 0' 10-30 Jun. 1980;<br />
TEY, Nome: Helgja:6 I-IOJun.1980;TEI,<br />
Sauherad: Sauherad prestegard 0' 15-25<br />
Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slides in coil. LAa;<br />
AAY, Grimstad: Sreveli 0' 26 May 1987 KBe<br />
leg. & colI.; Trom0Y: Bjelland 30' 5-6 Jun.<br />
1990 SAB leg. & colI.; VAI, Kvinesdal: Ytre<br />
Egeland 0' 1-10 Jun. 1980; Sirdal: Tonstad<br />
0' 25-29 May 1980; SFI, Leikanger: Nj0s 0'<br />
10-20 Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slides in<br />
colI. LAa.<br />
59
Pammene clanculana (Tengstrom, 1869)<br />
Map: Fig. 14<br />
Previous records: HES, HEN, ON, BV, SII,<br />
TRY, TRI, FV (as Fi), FN (Opheim 1976,<br />
Aarvik et al. 1988).<br />
New records: OS, Gj0vik: Skumsj0en ~<br />
17<br />
Jun. 1973 SAB leg. & coIl. (previous record<br />
from OS is based on a misidentified specimen<br />
<strong>of</strong> P. obscurana); TEI, Tinn: Gausta ~ 5 Jul.<br />
1983 F. Midtgaard leg. NISK coIl.; VAY,<br />
Songdalen: Finsland 4 ex 3 Jun. 1980 SSv<br />
leg. & coIl.; RI, Hjelmeland: Tuntland 2 0'<br />
10-20 Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slides in<br />
coli. LAa; NIl, Lierne: Limannvika ~ 13<br />
Jun. 1986 SAB leg. & coIl.; F0, S0r-Varan<br />
ger: Hesseng 1 ex 4 J ul. 1990 0. Berg leg.<br />
ZMO coli.<br />
Note: The male genitalia are somewhat va<br />
riable. Fig. 3-4.<br />
Pammene obscurana (Stephens, 1834) Map:<br />
Fig. 15<br />
Previous records: AK, HES, TEI, VAY (Op<br />
heim 1976, 1978).<br />
New records: OS, Ringebu: Ringebu ~ 30<br />
Jun. 1877 W.<br />
M. Sch0yen leg. ZMO coIl. (misidentified as<br />
clanculana Tgstr.); AAY, Iveland: Vatnestraum<br />
0' 25 Jun. 1977 KBe leg. & colI.<br />
Note: P. obscurana and P. clanculana are<br />
easily confused. Males <strong>of</strong> P. obscurana are<br />
characteristic in having a distinct patch <strong>of</strong><br />
black specialized scales on the costa <strong>of</strong> the<br />
hindwing. The outline <strong>of</strong> the valva <strong>of</strong> the<br />
male genitalia is shown in fig. 5.<br />
Pammene luedersiana (Sorhagen, 1885) Map:<br />
Fig. 16<br />
Sole record: HES, Eidskog: Helgesj0en 15<br />
May 1976 SAB leg. (Aarvik 1980).<br />
Pammene rhediella (Clerck, 1759) Map: Fig.<br />
17<br />
Previous records: 0, AK, B0, VAY (Opheim<br />
1976).<br />
New records: HES, Eidskog: Helgesj0en 2 0'<br />
May-Jun. 1984 ABa leg. genital -slides in<br />
colI. LAa; OS, Gran: R0ykenvik 0' 1-10<br />
Jun. 1980 TEd leg. genital slide in coli. LAa;<br />
YE, Larvik: Rakke ~ 26 May 1987 LAa leg.<br />
& coIl.; AAY, Trom0Y: Bjelland 4 0' 23 May<br />
1989 SAB leg. & coli.; AAI, Amli: Tovdal,<br />
Dale 0' 16 Jun. 1990 KBe leg. & colI.; RY;<br />
Eigersund: Helleland 1 ex 24 May 1959 ABa<br />
60<br />
leg. NISK colI.; HOI, Ullensvang: Ullensvang<br />
fors0ksgard 1 ex 3 Jun. 1975; SFI, Leikanger:<br />
Tretteteig 1 ex (larva) 28 Aug. 1979;<br />
Vik: Vangsnes 1 ex 23 May 1964 TEd leg. SP<br />
coli.; SFY, Vereide: Gloppen ~ 3 Jun. 1989<br />
J. Anonby leg. ZMO coli.<br />
Pammene populana (Fabricius, 1787) Map:<br />
Fig. 18<br />
Previous records: 0, AK, HES, OS, B0, VE<br />
(Opheim 1976).<br />
New records: TEI, Sauherad prestegard 0' 9<br />
Aug. 1976 TEd leg. SP colI.; AAY, Lillesand:<br />
Fl0rnes 5 Aug. 1984 KBe leg. & coIl.; Trom<br />
0y: Bjelland 4 0' 28 Jul. 1988 LAa leg. &<br />
coIl.; HOI, Ullensvang: Kvennauga 0', ~ 26<br />
May 1962 TEd leg. SP colI.<br />
Pammene regiana (Zeller, 1849) Map: Fig.<br />
19<br />
Previous records: B0, YE, AAY, RY, HOY<br />
(Hansen 1985, Opheim 1958, 1976, 1983).<br />
New records: 0, Ons0y: Hank0 ~ 2 May<br />
1985 ex Acer pseudoplatanus; AK As: As 8<br />
ex 18 Apr. 1982 ex Acerpseudoplatanus LAa<br />
leg. & colI.; VAY, Kristiansand: Gimle ~<br />
May 1982; Odder0ya 3 ex May 1982 ex Acer<br />
pseudoplatanus KBe leg. & coli.; HOI, Ul<br />
lensvang: Ullensvang fors0ksgard 0' Jun.<br />
1980 TEd leg. genital slide in coIl. LAa.<br />
Pammene ochsenheimeriana (Lienig & Zeller,<br />
1846) Map: Fig. 20<br />
Previous record: YE, Borre: Bast0Y 9 Jun.<br />
1974 A. Fjeldsa leg. (Opheim 1976).<br />
New records: AK, As: As 0' 18 Jun. 1989<br />
LAa leg. & coIl.; B0, Lier: Toverud 1 ex 15<br />
Jun. 1984 SSv leg. & coIl.; AAY, Trom0Y:<br />
Bjelland ~ 25 Jun. 1986 SAB leg. & coli.;<br />
VAI, Audnedal: Sveindal 1 ex 23 Jun. 1976<br />
SSv leg. & coli.<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
I wish to thank Lita Greve Jensen and Jan<br />
Emil Raastad for permission to study·the collections<br />
at the zoological museums in Bergen<br />
and Oslo respectively. I am also indebted to<br />
the following entomologists for loan <strong>of</strong> speciemens<br />
and for useful information: Johannes<br />
Anonby, Leikanger; Pr<strong>of</strong>. Alf Bakke, As;<br />
Sigurd A. Bakke, As; 0ystein Berg, Asker;<br />
Kai Berggren, Kristiansand; Torgeir Edland,<br />
As: Lars Ove Hansen, Oslo; Fred Midtgaard,
As; Eivind Palm, F011enslev and Svein<br />
Svendsen, Kristiansand. In particular I am<br />
grateful to Yngvar Berg, Drammen, for making<br />
the maps by means <strong>of</strong> a computer programme<br />
developed by him.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Bidrag tiI kunnskapen om norske<br />
Lepidoptera IV. De norske arter av<br />
Pammene HUbner (Totricidae)<br />
Nye funn av tortricideslekten Pammene<br />
Hubner er rapportert. P. insulana (Guenu,<br />
1845), P. ignorata Kuznetsov, 1968 og P.<br />
suspectana (Lienig & Zelhe, 1846) er nye for<br />
Norge. Pammene agnotana Rebel, 1914 er<br />
slettet fra den norske <strong>list</strong>en av arter. EIS-rutenett<br />
er laget for alle arter.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Aarvik, L. 1980. Lepidoptera new to Norway.<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 27: 32-33.<br />
Aarvik, L., Karsholt, 0., Larsen, K. & Schnack, K.<br />
1988. New and interesting records <strong>of</strong> Lepidoptera<br />
from Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B 35: 77<br />
90.<br />
Barca, E. 1922. Seltene norwegische Schmetterlinge.<br />
Ent. Tidskr. 42: 33-40.<br />
Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G. & Smith, A.<br />
1979. British Tortricoid Moths. Tortricidae:<br />
Olethreutinae. The Ray Society. London. 336<br />
pp. 43 pIs.<br />
Danilevsky, A. S. & Kuznetsov, V. I. 1968. Tortricidae:<br />
Laspeyresiini [in Russian]. Fauna SSSR,<br />
5 (1). 635 pp.<br />
Hansen, L. O. 1985. Funn<strong>list</strong>e fra NEF's pinseekskursjon<br />
1985. Insekt-Nytt ID (4): 19--20.<br />
Kuznetsov, V. I. 1989. Tortricidae. In: Falkovitsh,<br />
M. I. & Medvedev, G. S. (eds.). Keys to the<br />
Insects <strong>of</strong> the European Part <strong>of</strong> the USSR IV.<br />
Lepidoptera. Part I. Key to the Fauna <strong>of</strong> the<br />
USSR, I I 7: 279-956 [English translation by<br />
E. J. Brill, Leiden].<br />
Opheim, M. 1958. Nye Lepidoptera for Norge.<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> ent. Tidsskr. ID: 239-240.<br />
Opheim, M. 1976. The Lepidoptera <strong>of</strong> Norway.<br />
Check-List. Part 11. Tortricoidea (second part).<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> lepidopterologisk selskap. Trondheim.<br />
31 pp.<br />
Opheim, M. 1977. Nye Lepidoptera for Norge.<br />
Atalanta norv. 3: 49.<br />
Opheim, M. 1978. Nye 10kaliteter for norske Lepidoptera<br />
samt sjeldnere funn X. Atalanta<br />
norv. 3: 71-78.<br />
Opheim, M. 1979. Nye lokaliteter for norske Lepidoptera<br />
samt sjeldnere funn XI. Atalanta<br />
norv. 3: 117-126.<br />
Opheim, M. 1981. Nye lokaliteter for norske Lepidoptera<br />
samt sjeldnere funn XIII. Atalanta<br />
norv. 3: 165-170.<br />
Opheim, M. 1983. Noen sjeldne funn. Atalanta<br />
norv. 4: 48.<br />
Palm, E. 1982. Atlas over vinklernes utbredelse i<br />
Danmark (Tortricidae & Cochylidae). Dansk<br />
faunistisk bibliotek 2: 1-110.<br />
Svensson, I., Gustafsson, B. (ed.= Elmquist, H.,<br />
Hellberg, H., Imby, L. & Palmqvist, G. 1987.<br />
Kod<strong>list</strong>a L1. Catalogus lepidopterorum sueciae.<br />
Kodcentralen and Entomologiska Foreningen.<br />
Stockholm. 197 pp.<br />
Wolff, N. L. 1968. Notes on the argyrana Group <strong>of</strong><br />
the genus Pammene (Lep., Tortricidae). Ent.<br />
Meddr. 36: 317-337.<br />
Wolff, N. L. 1973. Notes on Pammene ignorata<br />
Kuznetsov, 1968 (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae).<br />
Tijdschr. Ent. II6: 171-173.<br />
0kland, K. A. 1981. Inndeling av Norge til bruk<br />
ved biogeografiske oppgaver - et revidert<br />
Strand-system. Fauna 34: 167-178.<br />
Received 13 May 1991<br />
61
Some aquatic Coleoptera from Inner Hordaland,<br />
Norway<br />
GARTH N. FOSTER<br />
Foster, G. N. 1992. Some aquatic Coleoptera from Inner Hordaland, Norway. Fauna<br />
norll. Ser. B 39: 63-67.<br />
Forty-eight species <strong>of</strong> water beetle were recorded from 24 sites in Inner Hordaland.<br />
Seventeen species appeared to be new for the area. Some aspects <strong>of</strong> the fauna are<br />
discussed.<br />
Garth N. Foster, 3 Eglinton Terrace, Ayr KA7 111, Scotland, U. K.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
The aquatic Coleoptera fauna <strong>of</strong> southern<br />
Norway is imperfectly known. Lindroth<br />
(1960) recorded 26 species <strong>of</strong> Hydradephaga<br />
and 14 hydrophiloid species. Additional recording<br />
by Strand (1970) and Fjellberg<br />
(1972), plus a few extra records in the revised<br />
catalogues in Holmen (1987) and Hansen<br />
(1987) have brought these totals to 34 and 17<br />
respectively. No members <strong>of</strong> the Noteridae,<br />
Hydraenidae, Dryopidae and Elmidae have<br />
been recorded from the area.<br />
THE SURVEY<br />
Twenty-four wetland sites in Inner Hordaland<br />
were surveyed for aquatic Coleoptera in<br />
July 1990. The survey coincided with rapid<br />
snow-melt and water was running too fast in<br />
most rivers and streams to permit sampling.<br />
The survey was therefore largely confined to<br />
stagnant water sites in bogs and lakes. Fortyeight<br />
species were recorded <strong>of</strong> which several<br />
species were newly recorded for the area. The<br />
average number <strong>of</strong> species per site was 6.5<br />
with a mode <strong>of</strong> four species. Two sites had<br />
relatively high numbers <strong>of</strong>species. The Skutlestjorn<br />
(LN 638229) was a small lake 340<br />
metres above sea level. It had an extensive<br />
mesotrophic mire in its edge, with masses <strong>of</strong><br />
rotting vegetation as well as mossy pools at<br />
pH 6.4. Nineteen species were found here. A<br />
series <strong>of</strong> pools in an old slate quarry near<br />
Flatlandsmo (LN 668209), 240 metres above<br />
sea level, produced 21 species. These pools,<br />
with pH ranging from 5.0 to 5.7, were in part<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 63-67. Oslo 1992<br />
shade and some were very deep with rafts <strong>of</strong><br />
Sphagnum and bog bean (Menyanthes trifoliata<br />
L.) in the edge.<br />
NOTES ON INDIVIDUAL SPECIES<br />
In the following notes, grid references (for<br />
UTM Zone 32V) are given for all sites except<br />
for the two prolific ones already mentioned<br />
above. Some information is included from a<br />
few sites in the neighbouring district <strong>of</strong> Inner<br />
Sogn og Fjordane for the sake <strong>of</strong>comparison.<br />
Gyrinus minutus Fab. was found in small<br />
numbers in the edge <strong>of</strong> a partly shaded, large<br />
pond near Flatlandsmo.<br />
G. opacus Sahlberg was common in open<br />
water in the same pond and was abundant on<br />
open water in bright sunlight in a small, exposed<br />
lake, the Valbergtjorn (LN 572267) on<br />
Hangur mountain. Whilst this may be commonly<br />
observed behaviour in Scandinavia, in<br />
Scotland this species is usually confined to<br />
the edges <strong>of</strong> wind-eroded lochans in peat<br />
bogs and is rarely seen on open water.<br />
H. ruficollis (DeGeer). The only record for<br />
this species was based on males found in the<br />
Vangsvatnet (LN 587233) at Voss.<br />
H. wehnckei Gerhardt was common in the<br />
Skutlestjorn and the Myrkdalsvatnet at<br />
Ulvundsoyni (LN 639435).<br />
Hydroporus incognitus Sharp was in woodland<br />
pools at Svivet (LN 544273), Flat<br />
63
landsmo and near Reime (LN 751285), and<br />
in more open water at Dalsmyri (LN<br />
548285), Skutlestjorn and Tjornanini (LN<br />
847198). In Scotland this species also occupies<br />
a great range <strong>of</strong> marshy habitats though<br />
it is generally most abundant in woodland<br />
pools.<br />
H. longicornis Sharp occurred in flushed<br />
woodland pools above the Netlavatnet (LN<br />
634329) and in a boggy stream near Moo (LN<br />
694192). The habitats closely resemble those<br />
<strong>of</strong> southern England and northern Britain respectively.<br />
H. morio Aube was found only in a pool<br />
about a metre across in woodland near Reime<br />
(LN 751285). This is apparently its typical<br />
habitat in Scandinavia. In northern Scotland<br />
it is never found in shaded habitats, being<br />
confined to small pools on open ground.<br />
H. nigellus Mannerheim, though common<br />
above the tree-line in the neighbouring area<br />
<strong>of</strong> Inner Sogn og Fjordane, was represented<br />
by only a single teneral specimen taken in a<br />
boggy area beside a lake at Ornaberget (LN<br />
865316). This was probably the species recorded<br />
from Inner Hordaland by Strand<br />
(1970) and Fjellberg (1972) as H. tartaricus<br />
LeConte, the Nearctic status <strong>of</strong> which was<br />
established by Nilsson (1983).<br />
H. striola Gyllenhal. A single male was found<br />
amongst grass on the exposed, wave-washed<br />
shore <strong>of</strong> the Myrkdalsvatnet at Ulvundsoyni<br />
(LN 639435).<br />
H. umbrosus Gyllenhal. Two specimens were<br />
found in Moss at the edge <strong>of</strong> the large pond<br />
near Flatlandsmo.<br />
Oreodytes alpinus (Paykull). This species<br />
was recently discovered in lochs in northern<br />
Scotland (Foster & Spirit 1986) and the primary<br />
purpose <strong>of</strong> this survey was to compare<br />
the habitats for this species in Norway with<br />
those in Scotland. O. alpinus was found at<br />
three sites, in Hordaland at Vosso on the inflow<br />
to the Vangsvatnet (LN 587232), only<br />
50 metres above see level, in the Myrkdalsvatnet<br />
(LN 639435) at 230 m, and, within<br />
Inner Sogn og Fjordane, in the Ovrisvatnet<br />
(LN 663632) at 929 m. The pH <strong>of</strong> the two<br />
Hordaland sites was 6.4 and that <strong>of</strong> the Ovrisvatnet<br />
was 7.3. In Scotland the lochs occupied<br />
by O. alpinus are mainly on low ground<br />
on sandstones with pH <strong>of</strong> 6.5 or more. The<br />
beetles are usually confined to areas with<br />
little or no vegetation on unstable beds <strong>of</strong><br />
sand. In the <strong>Norwegian</strong> sites the beetles were<br />
found on a much greater variety <strong>of</strong> substrata<br />
but these were typically unvegetated. Both<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> and Scottish samples showed<br />
signs <strong>of</strong> presumed protandrism. A sample<br />
from Myrkdalsvatnet comprised 17 males<br />
and one female.<br />
Potamonectes griseostriatus multilineatus<br />
Falk. Brinck (1943) separated three Scandinavian<br />
forms <strong>of</strong> griseostriatus <strong>of</strong> which the<br />
subspecies multilineatus was the most widely<br />
distributed. This form was found in the Vikafjellet<br />
lake (LN 615560) at 910 m and at<br />
lower altitudes at Movatnet near Moo (LN<br />
694192) in a river's edge, in the Espelandsvatnet<br />
(LN 793192) and in the Valbergtjorn<br />
(LN 572267).<br />
2·0<br />
1.8<br />
o 1-6<br />
'..-l<br />
...,<br />
C'd<br />
100oi 1-4<br />
...:l<br />
<<br />
........ 1·2<br />
~<br />
~<br />
1·0<br />
I<br />
0·8<br />
o<br />
1 <br />
0<br />
•<br />
0·6J I i I i I I i i I ,<br />
100 300 500 700 900 1100<br />
metres above sea level<br />
Fig. 1. Variation in the ratio <strong>of</strong> penis width te<br />
accessory process length (PW/ AL <strong>of</strong> Nilsson<br />
1983) in <strong>Norwegian</strong> Agabus congener and lapponicus,<br />
related to altitude. Circles indicate specimens<br />
from Inner Hordaland and squares specimens<br />
from Inner Sogn og Fjordane. Open symbols<br />
indicate presumed congener and closed ones lapponicus.<br />
The vertical lines join specimens from the<br />
same site. The fitted regression line is highly significant<br />
(t = - 6.4, dJ. = 22, P
Table I. Water beetles recorded in Inner Hordaland in July 1990. New records are asterisked.<br />
GYRINIDAE<br />
*Gyrinus minutus Fab.<br />
G. opacus Sahlberg<br />
HALIPLIDAE<br />
Haliplus fulvus (Fab.)<br />
*H. ruficollis (DeGeer)<br />
*H. wehnckei Gerhardt<br />
DYTISCIDAE<br />
*Hydroporus incognitus Sharp<br />
*H. longicornis Sharp<br />
H. melanarius Sturm<br />
H. memnonius Nicolai<br />
*H. morio Aube<br />
H. nigrita Fab.<br />
H. nigellus Mannerheim<br />
H. obscurus Sturm<br />
H. palustris L.<br />
*H. striola Gyllenhal<br />
H. tristis Paykull<br />
*H. umbrosus Gyllenhal<br />
Oreodytes alpinus (Paykull)<br />
Potamonectes griseostriatus multilineatus (Fal<br />
kenstrom)<br />
Platambus maculatus L.<br />
Agabus arcticus Paykull<br />
A. bipustulatus L.<br />
A. congener Thunberg<br />
A. guttatus Paykull<br />
A. lapponicus (Thomson)<br />
*A. sturmii Gyllenhal<br />
Ilybius aenescens Thomson<br />
*1. crassus Thomson<br />
I. fuliginosus Fab.<br />
Rhantus suturellus Harris<br />
Colymbetes dolabratus Paykull<br />
*c. paykulli Erichson<br />
Acilius sulcatus L.<br />
Dytiscus lapponicus L.<br />
D. marginalis L.<br />
HYDRAENIDAE<br />
*Hydraena britteni Joy<br />
*Limnebius truncatellus (Thunberg)<br />
HELOPHORIDAE<br />
*Helophorus aequalis Thomson<br />
*H. brevipalpis Bedel<br />
H. flavipes Fab.<br />
H. glacialis Villa<br />
HYDROPHILIDAE<br />
Megasternum obscurum (Marsham)<br />
Anacaena globulus (Paykull)<br />
A. lutescens Stephens<br />
*Hydrobius fuscipes (L.)<br />
subrotundus Stephens<br />
*Enochrus affinis (Thunberg)<br />
CHRYSOMELIDAE<br />
Plateumaris discolor Panzer<br />
A. congener Thunberg and A. /apponicus<br />
Thomson. Swedish populations <strong>of</strong> these species<br />
were differentiated by Nilsson (1987),<br />
mainly using a ratio <strong>of</strong> two measurements <strong>of</strong><br />
the penis apex. A study <strong>of</strong> 24 males from 10<br />
sites in Inner Hordaland and Inner Sogn og<br />
Fjordane indicated that both taxa occur in<br />
the area (Fig. 1). Specimens from above the<br />
tree-line in Inner Sogn og Fjordane were all<br />
/apponicus. Three specimens referable to<br />
/apponicus were detected in Inner Hordaland,<br />
one with several congener in the Skutlestjorn<br />
at 340 metres altitude, one in a lake<br />
on Mjolfell (LN 841310) at 610 metres, and<br />
one in a pool in a bog at Skutskardtjorn (LN<br />
573259).<br />
A. sturmii Gyllenhal. This species was found<br />
in the marshy edge <strong>of</strong> the Netiavatnet (LN<br />
634329), in boggy woodland pools at Svivet<br />
(LN 544273) and in the Skutiestjorn.<br />
Ilybius aenescens Thomson. This was the<br />
commonest <strong>of</strong> the largest dytiscid species,<br />
being found at eight sites. Other small Ilybius<br />
species could not be found in the area.<br />
1. crassus Thomson. This species was abundant<br />
in the raft <strong>of</strong> Sphagnum and Menyanthes<br />
trijoliata in the edge <strong>of</strong> a partly shaded and<br />
deep quarry pool at Flatiandsmo.<br />
Co/ymbetes do/abratus Paykull. Three females<br />
were taken in a small lake still covered<br />
with ice on Vikafjellet (LN 615560).<br />
C. paykulli Erichson. Three males <strong>of</strong> this species<br />
were found in a small, shaded quarry<br />
pool with rushes at Flatlandsmo.<br />
Dytiscus /apponicus L. Two males and some<br />
last instar larvae were found among floating<br />
islands <strong>of</strong> bog vegetation in the Skutskardtjorn<br />
(LN 573259).<br />
D. marginalis L. Single males were taken in a<br />
bog pool on the Hellemyri (LN 549284) and<br />
in the Skutlestjorn.<br />
Hydraena britteni Joy. This species was<br />
common among rotting vegetation around<br />
the edge <strong>of</strong> the Skutlestjorn. It also occurred<br />
with Hydroporus /ongicornis, a typical com<br />
65
ination in southern England, in woodland<br />
pools by the Netlavatnet (LN 634329).<br />
Limnebius truncatellus (Thunberg). There<br />
were three Hordaland sites for this species,<br />
one being in temporary pools at Dalsmyri<br />
(LN 548285).<br />
Helophorus aequalis Thomson. With five sites<br />
this was clearly a common species in the<br />
area. It was abundant in some temporary<br />
pools beside the Vangsvatnet at Voss (LN<br />
589234) where a few specimens <strong>of</strong> H. brevipalpis<br />
Bedel, also new for Inner Hordaland,<br />
were found.<br />
Megasternum obscurum (Marsham). Several<br />
specimens were found in a lake at Tj6rnanlni<br />
near Ulvik (LN 847198). Previous Inner<br />
Hordland records by Fjellberg (1972) were<br />
overlooked by Hansen (1987).<br />
A. lutescens Stephens. The species was separated<br />
from limbata (Fab.) by van Berge Henegouwen<br />
(1986); he recorded both species<br />
from southern Sweden. Hansen (1987) subsequently<br />
indicated that most Scandinavian<br />
material <strong>of</strong> limbata s.lat. in museum collections<br />
was lutescens. In the north <strong>of</strong> its range<br />
lutescens appears to exist solely as a dark<br />
parthenogenetic form (van Berge Henegouwen,<br />
1986) with a distinctive genotype<br />
(Shaarawi & Angus 1991). Six dark females<br />
were found, four at Netlavatnet (LN 634329),<br />
one at Svivet (LN 544273), and another at<br />
Flatlandsmo.<br />
Hydrobius fuscipes (L.). This species was<br />
found at only two sites, near Flatlandsmo and<br />
the Skutlestjorn.<br />
Enochrus affinis (Thunberg) occurred at<br />
Flatlandsmo in shallow puddles on a bog's<br />
surface, in the Skutlestj6rn and near Ulvik in<br />
a large peat pool (LN 834197).<br />
DISCUSSION<br />
Ofthe 48 species recorded from Inner Hordaland<br />
seventeen appeared to be new for the<br />
recording area. These included some extremely<br />
common species <strong>of</strong>water beetle in northern<br />
and western Europe, e.g. HalipIus ruficollis,<br />
as well as some rarer species, e.g. Ilybius<br />
crassus. Members <strong>of</strong> the Hydraenidae were<br />
recorded from the area for the first time. The<br />
area appears to be relatively poor in water<br />
beetle species, for example lacking species<br />
characteristic <strong>of</strong> northern forest pools and<br />
rich ponds. Most species were found in very<br />
similar habitats to those in which they occur<br />
in the British Isles though two species, Gyrinus<br />
opacus and Hydroporus morio, differed<br />
in that they occurred in shaded habitats.<br />
The specifis statuses <strong>of</strong> Agabus congener<br />
and A. lapponicus appear to have been resolved<br />
by allozyme electrophoresis (Nilsson,<br />
Stille and Douwes 1988). Nilsson originally<br />
(1987) identified aedeagal characteristics<br />
that differentiate most specimens <strong>of</strong> this species-pair.<br />
It was possible to use the main parameter,<br />
a ratio <strong>of</strong> two measurements <strong>of</strong> the<br />
aedeagal tip, to establish that both forms occur<br />
in Inner Hordaland. However, regression<br />
analysis, based on only 24 specimens, indicated<br />
that altitude accounted for 63% <strong>of</strong> the<br />
variation in this ratio, with a highly significant,<br />
negative linear regression (Aedeagal<br />
Ratio = 1.7 - 0.0007 metres above sea level,<br />
P
REFERENCES<br />
van Berge Henegouwen, A. L. 1986. Revision <strong>of</strong><br />
the European species <strong>of</strong> Anacaena Thomson<br />
(Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Entomologica<br />
scandinavica 17 393-407.<br />
Brinck, P. 1943. Beitrag zur Kenntnis einiger kritischer<br />
Wasserkiifer-Arten. <strong>Norsk</strong> <strong>entomologisk</strong><br />
Tidsskrift 6140-153.<br />
Fjel~berg, A. 1972. Coleoptera from Hardangervldda.<br />
Fauna <strong>of</strong> the Hardangervidda 1.<br />
Foster, G. N. & Spirit, M. G. 1986. Oreodytes<br />
alpinus new to Britain. Balfour-Browne Club<br />
Newsletter 361-2.<br />
Hansen, M. 1987. The Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera)<br />
<strong>of</strong> Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna<br />
Entomologica Scandinavica 18. Scandinavian<br />
Science Press Ltd., Copenhagen.<br />
Holmen, M. 1987. The aquatic Adephaga (Coleopt.era)<br />
<strong>of</strong> F~n~oscandiaand Denmark. I. Gynmdae,<br />
Hahphdae, Hygrobiidae and Noteridae.<br />
Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 20.<br />
Scandinavian Science Press Ltd., Copenhagen.<br />
Lindroth, C. H. 1960. Catalogus Coleopterorum<br />
Fennoscandiae et Daniae. Entom. Siillsk.,<br />
Lund.<br />
Nilsso~, A. N: 1983. Identities <strong>of</strong> Hydroporus eugenzae<br />
Zaltzev and H. nigellus Mannerheim<br />
(Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Entomologica scandinavica<br />
14 197-202.<br />
Nilsson, A. N. 1987. A morphometric study <strong>of</strong>the<br />
two cryptic species Agabus congener (Thunberg)<br />
an~ A: lapponicus (Thomson) (Coleoptera:<br />
Dytlscldae). Entomologica scandinavica<br />
1867-77.<br />
Nilsson, A. N., Stille, B. & Douwes, P. 1988. Allozyme<br />
variation supports the recognition <strong>of</strong><br />
Aga!Ju~ lapponic~s. (Thoms~n) (Coleoptera,<br />
Dytlscldae) as a dlstmct species. Entomologica<br />
scandinavica 1931-33.<br />
Shaarawi, F. A. & Angus, R. B. 1991. A chromosomal<br />
investigation <strong>of</strong>five European species <strong>of</strong><br />
~nacaena Thomson (Coleoptera: Hydrophihdae).<br />
Entomologica scandinavica 21 415<br />
426.<br />
Strand, A. 1970. Additions and corrections to the<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> part <strong>of</strong> Catalogus Coleopterorum<br />
Fennoscandiae et Daniae. <strong>Norsk</strong> ent. Tidsskrift<br />
17 125-145.<br />
Received 18 March 1991<br />
67
Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) from the island Osteya<br />
in the Osl<strong>of</strong>jord<br />
UTA GREVE AND FRED MIDTGAARD<br />
Greve, L. & Midtgaard, F. 1992. Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) from the island Ost0ya in the<br />
Osl<strong>of</strong>jord. Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 69-71.<br />
Ten species <strong>of</strong> Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) were collected at the island Ost0ya in the inner<br />
Osl<strong>of</strong>jord in 1983 and 1984. Pedlinoptera fuscipennis (Meigen 1830), Pherbe/lia<br />
annulipes (Zetterstedt 1846), P. scutellaris (Roser 1840) and Sciomyza simplex Fallen<br />
1820 are all reported from Norway for the second time. Additional distributional<br />
records are given for some <strong>of</strong> the other six species.<br />
Lita Greve, Zoological Museum, University <strong>of</strong> Bergen, Museplass 3, N-5007 Bergen,<br />
Norway.<br />
Fred Midtgaard, Dept. <strong>of</strong> Biology, University <strong>of</strong>Oslo, P. O. Box 1050 Blindern N-0316<br />
Oslo, Norway.<br />
The fly family Sciomyzidae was comprehensively<br />
surveyed by Rozko~ny (1984) who reported<br />
46 species from Norway. Greve &<br />
0k1and (1989) gave data on the distribution<br />
<strong>of</strong> twentyone species <strong>of</strong> which three were<br />
reported new to the country and Greve (1991<br />
A, 1991 B) reported two additional species as<br />
new to Norway. So far fiftyone species <strong>of</strong><br />
Sciomyzidae has been reported from Norway.<br />
The material presented here includes 74<br />
specimens belonging to 10 species.<br />
One <strong>of</strong> us (FM) collected insects on Ost0ya<br />
in the summers <strong>of</strong> 1983 and 1984. A detailed<br />
description <strong>of</strong> the collection sites and the<br />
methods was presented in Greve & Midtgaard<br />
(1986), and will therefore not be repeated<br />
here.<br />
The biogeographical regions follows<br />
Strand's system as revised by 0k1and (1981).<br />
Here Ost0ya is in 0219 Brerum community.<br />
Abbreviations in the <strong>list</strong>s: m = male; f = female.<br />
THE MATERIAL<br />
Sub.fam. Phaeomyiinae<br />
1. Pedlinoptera fuscipennis (Meigen 1830)<br />
MF A 24 Ju1y-12 Aug. 19841 m.<br />
This is the second record <strong>of</strong>Pedlinopterafus<br />
cipennis from Norway; P. fuscipennis has<br />
earlier only been reported from TEI Kvites<br />
eid (Greve & 0kland 1989). P. fuscipennis<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 69-71. Oslo 1992<br />
has a distinctly southern distribution in Fennoscandia<br />
and Denmark (Rozko~ny 1984).<br />
The biology is virtually unknown and adults<br />
have been collected along edges <strong>of</strong> mesic forests<br />
from June to middle <strong>of</strong> August.<br />
Sub.fam Sciomyzidae<br />
2. Pherbellia annulipes (Zetterstedt 1840)<br />
MF A 24 Ju1y-12 Aug. 1984 1 m.<br />
This is the second record from Norway; P.<br />
annulipes has earlier only been recorded<br />
from VE T0nsberg (Rozko'Sny 1984). P. annulipes<br />
has a southern distribution in Scandinavia<br />
and is hitherto not recorded from<br />
Finland. In Sweden it is known northwards<br />
to 0sterg0t1and (Rozko~ny 1984). Ost0ya is<br />
thus representing the northernmost record in<br />
Europe. The adults prefer open decidious<br />
woods.<br />
3. Pherbella dubia (Fallen 1820)<br />
MF C 10 June-1 July 19842 m 1 f.<br />
P. dubia is common and widespread in Norway.<br />
Adults seem to prefer mesic woods.<br />
4. Pherbellia scutellaris (Roser, 1840)<br />
MF A 24 July-12 Aug. 1984 1 m.<br />
This is the second record from Norway; P.<br />
scutellaris has earlier only been recorded<br />
from HOY Tysnes, Anuglo (Greve 1991 B).<br />
P. scutellaris has a distinctly southern dis<br />
69
tribution in Scandinavia and it has not been<br />
reported from Finland (Rozko"Sny, 1984).<br />
The adults are found in decidious and also<br />
coniferous woods. P. scutel/aris is easily confused<br />
with P. rozkosnyi and reliable differences<br />
is only found in the male genitalia (Rozko~ny,<br />
1984).<br />
5. Sciomyza simplex Fallen 1820<br />
MF A 30 May-lO June 1984 I m<br />
This is the second record from Norway; S.<br />
simplex has earlier only been reported from<br />
VE Borre (Knutson & Berg 1971). S. simplex<br />
is widespread in Fennoscandia and Denmark<br />
and should be expected to occur in more localities<br />
in Norway. S. simplex is also known<br />
from Great British (Kloet & Hincks 1976).<br />
Adults have been collected along margins <strong>of</strong><br />
ponds and in open marshes.<br />
6. Coremacera marginata (Fabricius 1775)<br />
3 July 1953 1 m netted; MF A 24 July-12<br />
August 1984 I m.<br />
C. marginata has been recorded from AK,<br />
RY, HOY and NTI. In Zoological Museum,<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Bergen there is also material<br />
from: VE 0905 T0nsberg, Slottsfjellet 18<br />
July 1982 I f, 0923 Tj0me, Kjrere 5 July<br />
1965 1 f, Mostranda 12-25 July 1982 I f,<br />
4-11 Aug. 1984 I m, 8-26 July 1985 I m.<br />
TEY 1005 Porsgrunn, Brevik, Dammane 31<br />
July 1983 I m 1 f, 10 July 1985 I f, Langesund<br />
0, Steinvika 12 July 1986 1 m, Sand0Y<br />
o 10 July 19862m 1 f.<br />
NTI represents the northernmost record in<br />
Fennoscandia. Adults have been collected in<br />
shrubby woods, in old meadows at edges <strong>of</strong><br />
woods <strong>of</strong>ten on calcareous soil (RozkoSnY<br />
1984).<br />
7. Elgiva cucularia (L. 1767)<br />
MF C Collecting period: May, June and July<br />
2 mm 4 ff.<br />
See also Greve & 0kland (1989). Adults are<br />
not rare in SE Norway near ponds and in<br />
marshes.<br />
8. Euthycera chaerophylli (Fabricius, 1798)<br />
MF A Collecting period June, July and August<br />
5 mm 3 ff.<br />
E. chaerophylli has earlier been reported<br />
from 0, Ak, OS, VE and RY. In Zoological<br />
Museum, University <strong>of</strong> Bergen there is additional<br />
material from: HES 0312 Ringsaker,<br />
Helg0ya, EiksAsen MF July 1990 1 f, Aug.<br />
1990 1 m 1 f; 0320 Eidskog, Nystuen 25<br />
June-16 Aug. 1990 5 m 1 f. HEN 0429<br />
Rena, Amot 17 July 1987 1 m. B0 0727<br />
R0yken, Hyggen, Kinnartangen 17 July 1984<br />
1 f; 0728 Hurum, T<strong>of</strong>te MF 17 June-17 July<br />
19853 m 1 f, 8. Aug.-I Sept. 19853 m 2 f.<br />
BV 0817 Gol, Engane 16-30 Aug. 19822 f.<br />
TEY 1005 Porsgrunn, Brevik, Dammane 31<br />
July 1983 1 m. TEI 1126 Tinn, HAkones,<br />
Mrel 10 June 1983 1 f. AAY 1235 Iveland,<br />
GrosAs MF 21 July-6 Aug. 1982 1 m 1 f.<br />
VA Y 1404 Gausdal, near Gyland MF 6-15<br />
July 1982 1 f, 21 July-6 Aug. 1982 1 f.<br />
E. chaerophylli is not rare in SE Norway.<br />
Outside this area it is only found in Rogaland<br />
province (Rozko~ny, 1984). In Sweden, however,<br />
it is known from most <strong>of</strong> the country<br />
north to Ly.Lpm. Adults are known from<br />
damp localities, woods and marshes.<br />
9. Renocera pal/ida (Fallen ~820)<br />
MFC 12-30 May 19841 m 1 f, 30 May-lO<br />
June I m I f.<br />
See also Greve & 0kland (1989). R. pal/ida<br />
has been recorded from southern Norway<br />
north to NTI (Greve & 0kland 1989). Adult<br />
flies have mostly been collected in marshes.<br />
10. Trypetoptera punctulata (Scopoli 1763)<br />
26 June 1983 netted 3 m 3 f: 3 July 1983<br />
netted I m.<br />
T. punctulata is widely distributed and common<br />
species. In Norway it has been recorded<br />
north to Troms province. Adults have been<br />
collected in various habitats.<br />
The ten species <strong>of</strong> Sciomyzidae reported<br />
from the island Ost0ya cornprize around 20%<br />
<strong>of</strong> the total number <strong>of</strong> species hitherto reported<br />
from Norway viz. (51). The total number<br />
<strong>of</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Sciomyzidae known from Norway<br />
is low compared with neighbouring<br />
Sweden (78 spp.) and Finland (71 spp.), however,<br />
ten species is an impressing number<br />
from a limited area like Ost0ya. More species<br />
can also be expected to occur on Ost0ya like<br />
some <strong>of</strong> the common species in the genus<br />
Tetanocera.<br />
It is interesting that Ost0ya harbours species<br />
with a distinct southern distribution in<br />
Fennoscandia like Pedlinoptera juscipennis,<br />
Pherbellia annulipes and P. scutellaris, P.<br />
juscipennis and P. scutel/aris must be considered<br />
rare in Fennoscandia and Denmark.<br />
70
Surveys <strong>of</strong> several invertebrate groups on<br />
Ost0ya (Aarvik & Midtgaard 1986, Greve &<br />
Midtgaard 1985, 1986, 1987, Hauge & Midtgaard<br />
1986, Midtgaard 1987, Midtgaard &<br />
Aarvik 1984, Jonassen 1988) showed a similar<br />
picture, and new species has been described<br />
from the island (Grootaert & Jonassen<br />
1991). These investigations show that Ost<br />
0ya is quite unique faunistically. The localities<br />
on the island must be considered among<br />
the last remnants <strong>of</strong> similar faunistically rich<br />
areas which have been destroyed by the urbanization<br />
<strong>of</strong> areas in the Oslo vicinity.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Sciomyzidae fra Osteya i Osl<strong>of</strong>jorden<br />
Ti arter Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) ble innsamlet<br />
pa Ost0ya i indre Osl<strong>of</strong>jord i arene 1983 og<br />
1984. Pedlinoptera fuscipennis (Meigen<br />
1830), Pherbellia annulipes (Zetterstedt<br />
1846), P. scutellaris (Roser 1840) and Sciomyza<br />
simolex Fallen 1820 blir alle rapportert<br />
fra Norge for annen gang. Noen ekstra lokalitetsopplysninger<br />
gies for noen av de resterende<br />
seks artene.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Aarvik, L. & Midtgaard, F. 1986. Records <strong>of</strong><br />
Lepidoptera from Hli0ya and Ost0ya in inner<br />
Osl<strong>of</strong>jord. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 33, 47-53.<br />
Greve, L. 1991 A. Tetanura pa/lidiventris Fallen,<br />
1820 new to Norway and further additions to<br />
the Sciomyzidae fly fauna (<strong>Diptera</strong>) in M0re og<br />
Romsdal, Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 38, 41.<br />
Greve, L. 1991 B. Pherbe/lia scutellaris (Roser,<br />
1840) (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Sciomyzidae) new to Norway.<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B. 38, 88.<br />
Greve, L. & Midtgaard, F. 1985. Odontomyia argentata<br />
(F., 1794) (Dipt., Stratiomyidae) new<br />
to the <strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna. Fauna norv. Ser. B.<br />
32, 102.<br />
Greve, L. & Midtgaard, F. 1986. The Clusiidae<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>) from the islands Ha0ya and Ost0ya<br />
in the Osl<strong>of</strong>jord and a survey <strong>of</strong> the family in<br />
Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 33, 86-92.<br />
Greve, L. & Midtgaard, F. 1987. Megamerina dolium<br />
(F., 1805) (Dipt., Megamerinidae) in<br />
Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B 34, 35-36.<br />
Greve, L. & 0kland, B. 1989. New records <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>). Fauna<br />
norv. Ser. B. 36, 133-137.<br />
Grootaert, P. & Jonassen, T. 1991. A new species<br />
<strong>of</strong> Platypalpus (Dipt: Hybotidae, Tachydromiince)<br />
from Norway. Ent. Scand. 22, 31-33.<br />
Hauge, E. & Midtgaard, F. 1986. Spiders (Araneae)<br />
in Malaise traps from two islands in the<br />
Osl<strong>of</strong>jord, Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B 33,<br />
98-102.<br />
Jonassen, T. 1988. Empidoidea (Dipt.) new to the<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna. Fauna norv. Ser. B 35,71<br />
76.<br />
Kloet, G. S. & Hincks, W. D. 1976. A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
British Insects: <strong>Diptera</strong>. Siphonaptera. Handb.<br />
ident. Br. Insects 11(5), 1-139.<br />
Knutson, L. V. & Berg, C. 0.1971. The malacophagous<br />
flies <strong>of</strong> Norway (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Sciomyzidae).<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> ent. Tidsskr. 18, 119-124.<br />
Midtgaard, F. 1987. Ormyrus punctiger Westwood,<br />
1832 (Hym., Ormyridae) new family<br />
and species to the norwegian fauna. Fauna<br />
norv. Ser. B 34, 140.<br />
Midtgaard, F. & Aarvik, L., 1984. Insektinventeringen<br />
pa Ost0ya and Hii0ya 1983. Milj0verndep.<br />
Rapport T - 576.<br />
Rozko~ny, R. 1984. The Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) <strong>of</strong><br />
Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna ent. Scand.<br />
14, 1-224.<br />
0kland, K. A. 1981. Inndeling av Norge til bruk<br />
ved biogeografiske oppgaver - et revidert<br />
Strand-system. Fauna Oslo 34, 167-178.<br />
Received 8 Jan. 1992<br />
71
Further Empidoidea (Dipt.) new to the <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
fauna<br />
TERJE JONASSEN<br />
Jonassen, T. 1992. Further Empidoidea (Dipt.) new to the <strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna. Fauna<br />
norv. Ser. B 39: 73-75.<br />
Thirteen species <strong>of</strong> Empidoidea (viz. Hybotidae, Empididae and Dolichopodidae) are<br />
reported from Norway probably for the first time. In addition, the <strong>Norwegian</strong> occurrence<br />
<strong>of</strong> Rhamphomyia lamellata Collin (Empididae) and Hydrophorus altivagus AIdrich<br />
(Dolichopodidae) is commented on.<br />
Terje Jonassen, N-4170 Sjernar0Y, NORWAY.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Britain, France and Germany (Grootaert<br />
The present paper adds 13 species to the<br />
1989).<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna <strong>of</strong> Empidoidea (families<br />
P. vividus (Meigen, 1838)<br />
Hybotidae, Empididae and Dolichopodidae),<br />
B0, Hurum: Verket, Verks0ya, EIS28, 18<br />
bringing the total number <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> speding<br />
to Chvala (1975 - is P. albisetoides<br />
June 1989, I eleg. L. O. Hansen. Accor<br />
cies in this superfamily up to 465. Of these,<br />
122 species are Hybotidae, 163 Empididae,<br />
Chvala, 1973.) a rare species in Fennosand<br />
178 Dolichopodidae. In addition, the<br />
candia with only 4 specimens previously<br />
small families Atelestidae and Microphoriknown<br />
- one from Sweden, and 3 from<br />
dae are represented by one species each.<br />
Finland.<br />
Furthermore, this paper also comments on Stilpon nubilus Collin, 1926<br />
two interesting species that were recently VE, Tj0me: Mostranda, EISI9, 10-20<br />
presented as <strong>Norwegian</strong> in a faunistic <strong>list</strong> by July 1985, 1 e leg. T. Andersen (ZMB<br />
Hansen & Bergsmark (1990), namely Rham -M. ChvaladeL); RV, Finn0Y: Kyrkj0Y,<br />
phomyia lamellata Collin, 1926 (Empididae) EISI4, 1 July 1986, 1 ~; 6 July 1986,2<br />
and Hydrophorus altivagus Aldrich, 1911 ~~; 11 July 1986, 1 ~. This is a species<br />
(Dolichopodidae).<br />
which favours coastal vegetation. The<br />
When nothing else is mentioned, the mate Tj0me specimen was captured in Phragmirial<br />
has been collected by the author, and is tes in a yellow water trap, while the Kyrkjdeposited<br />
in the author's collection or in the 0y specimens were sweep-netted among<br />
Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, Bergen (ZMB).<br />
the low vegetation <strong>of</strong> a salt marsh. The<br />
The family concept follows Chvala (1983), description <strong>of</strong>S. nubilus in Chvala (1975),<br />
while the geographical division <strong>of</strong> the dis is actually a mix-up <strong>of</strong> two distinct species,<br />
tricts follows 0kland (1981).<br />
with the figured genitalia belonging to a<br />
recently described species, S. subnubilus<br />
Chvala, 1988. While some <strong>of</strong> the Danish<br />
I<br />
SYSTEMATIC LIST specimens <strong>of</strong> S. nubilus seem to refer to S.<br />
subnubilus, there appear to be no records<br />
I HYBOTIDAE<br />
<strong>of</strong>this latter species in Swedish or Norwe<br />
Platypalpus australominutus Grootaert, 1989 gian collections.<br />
RV, Finn0Y: Kyrkj0Y, EISI4, 21-31 Au Stilpon lunatus (Walker, 1851)<br />
gust 1990 (Malaise trap), 2 ee. A recently VE, Tj0me: H0n0, EISI9, 23 August<br />
described species (Grootaert 1989), which, 1980,2 ee, 2 ~~ leg. A. Fjelds! (ZMB).<br />
owing to its very close resemblance to P. The genitalia <strong>of</strong>one <strong>of</strong>the males have been<br />
minutus Meigen, may well have been over dissected. They agree entirely with the filooked.<br />
P. australominutus is also repor gures given by Collin (1961). A third speted<br />
from Belgium, the Netherlands, Great cies <strong>of</strong> Stilpon has also been found at<br />
Fauna nOTV. SeT. B 39: 73-75. Oslo 1992 73
Tj0me, namely S. graminum (Fallen,<br />
1815). This is a new record for YE.<br />
EMPIDIDAE<br />
Rhamphomyia (Pararhamphomyia) albitarsis<br />
Collin, 1926<br />
RY, Finn0Y: Kyrkj0Y, EISI4, 10 May<br />
1990, 1 0'; MRY, Hareid: Hareidlandet<br />
v/Krakholen, EIS75, 20 May-l0 June<br />
1990, 1 0' (Malaise trap), leg. J. Korsnes<br />
(ZMB). The Kyrkj0Y specimen was<br />
sweep-netted from a patch <strong>of</strong> Ranunculus<br />
acris in a cow pasture. It was very immature<br />
when captured, thus seemingly having<br />
developed in that particular habitat.<br />
Previously recorded from Great Britain<br />
and Czechoslovakia only (Chvala &<br />
Wagner 1989).<br />
R. (Holoc/era) lamellata Collin, 1926<br />
B0, Nedre Eiker: Mj0ndalen, Miletjern,<br />
EIS28, medio July 1988, 1 0' leg. D. W. B.<br />
Johansen. This specimen has formerly<br />
been <strong>list</strong>ed in a faunistic study by Hansen<br />
& Bergsmark (1990). R. lamellata has<br />
previously been considered as belonging<br />
to the central and southern parts <strong>of</strong> Europe,<br />
reaching the Middle East (Bartak<br />
1982). It is therefore surprising to find it<br />
this far north. New to Scandinavia.<br />
Empis (Coptophlebia) albinervis Meigen,<br />
1822<br />
AK, Brerum: Ost0ya, EIS28, 10 J une-l<br />
July 1984, 1 0' (Malaise trap A); 1-24<br />
July 1984, 3 0'0', 1 ~ (Malaise trap B)<br />
(ZMB),1 0' (Malaise trap C); 24 July-12<br />
August 1984, 4 ~~ (Malaise trap A), 1 0',<br />
1 ~ (Malaise trap B); 12 August-1 September<br />
1984, 1 ~ (Malaise trap A); B0,<br />
R0yken: Hyggen, Kinnartangen, EIS28,<br />
medio June 1989, 1 0'; ultimo June 1989,<br />
1 O';primoJuly 1989, 1 0', 1 ~;medioJuly<br />
1989, 1 0'. All specimens from Kinnartangen<br />
are leg. L. O. Hansen, while all the<br />
Ost0Y specimens are leg. F. Midtgaard.<br />
This seems to be first records <strong>of</strong>E. albinervis<br />
from Fennoscandia. It probably occurs<br />
in Denmark, although these records have<br />
not been confirmed with certainty (Chvala<br />
in litt.).<br />
Hi/ara albiventris v. Roser, 1840<br />
B0, R0yken: Hyggen, EIS28, primo July<br />
1989, I ~ leg. L. O. Hansen. Although<br />
only one female <strong>of</strong> this species is available,<br />
it is, owing to its characteristic combination<br />
<strong>of</strong> deep black frons, yellowish pleura<br />
and yellow banded abdomen, distinctive<br />
enough to confirm its occurrence in Nor<br />
way. New to Scandinavia. A closely rela<br />
ted species, H. cingulata, also occurs in<br />
Norway. It was not <strong>list</strong>ed as <strong>Norwegian</strong> by<br />
Chvala & Wagner (1989), but Frey (1914)<br />
reports a specimen from RY, Strand: Tau.<br />
I have not seen this specimen, but there is a<br />
possibility that this record is based on a<br />
misinterpretation. I have, however, some<br />
specimens <strong>of</strong>H. cingulata in my collection<br />
from B0, and it is reported from the same<br />
district by Hansen & Bergsmark (1990).<br />
Hi/ara morata Collin, 1927<br />
This species has been taken in abundance<br />
at B0, R0yken: Hyggen, EIS28, ultimo<br />
June and primo July 1989, leg. L. O. Hansen.<br />
These are the first records from Scandinavia.<br />
The same samples also include<br />
some specimens <strong>of</strong> a closely related species,<br />
seemingly undescribed. The genus is,<br />
however, badly in need <strong>of</strong> a revision.<br />
Hemerodromia baetica Collin, 1927<br />
SFI, Hornindal: Kj0s bru, EIS68, 10 July<br />
1989,20'0', 1 ~; MRY, Hareid: Hareidlandet<br />
v/Krakholen, EIS75, 10 June-16<br />
July 1990, 2 ~~ (Malaise trap), leg. J.<br />
Korsnes (ZMB). New to Scandinavia.<br />
Dolichocephala thomasi Wagner, 1983<br />
MRY, Hareid: Hareidlandet v/Knikholen,EIS75,<br />
10June-16July 1990, 1 0',1<br />
~ (Malaise trap), leg. J. Korsnes. The D.<br />
ocellata (Costa) <strong>of</strong> Collin (1961) and other<br />
previous authors, has subsequently<br />
(Wagner 1983) been proved to be a species<br />
group consisting <strong>of</strong> D. ocellata, D.<br />
thomasi and D. austriaca Vaillant, 1968.<br />
The latter seems to be distributed exclusively<br />
in the Alps, while D. ocellata probably<br />
is a Mediterranean species. Thus, any<br />
European records <strong>of</strong> «D. ocellata» outside<br />
<strong>of</strong> this area should be re-examined, as D.<br />
thomasi seems to be the only <strong>of</strong> these three<br />
species occurring north <strong>of</strong> the Alps. D.<br />
thomasi has previously been confirmed<br />
~).<br />
from Germany and Poland only (Niesio<br />
lowski 1990). A female from RY, Sand<br />
nes: Sviland, EIS 14, and another female<br />
J<br />
1989, 2 ~~; 2-4 July 1990, 1 0', 2 ~~;<br />
Ramvikho1men,EIS19, 12 August 1990, 1<br />
~; VE, VAle: Lang0ya, EIS19, 11 August<br />
1990, 1 0', 1 ~; RY, Finn0Y: Kyrkj0Y,<br />
EIS14, 18 June 1989, 1 ~; 9 June 1990,1<br />
~. All the specimens from B0 and VE are<br />
leg. L. O. Hansen. The Kyrkj0Y specimens<br />
were netted at or near water-filled hollows<br />
and crevices in seaside cliffs.<br />
Hydrophorus altivagus A1drich, 1911<br />
B0, Nedre Eiker: Mj0nda1en, Mi1etjern,<br />
EIS28,medioJu1y 1988, 1 O'leg.D. W.B.<br />
Johansen. This specimen has formerly<br />
been <strong>list</strong>ed in a faunistic study by Hansen<br />
& Bergsmark (1990). This is a species with<br />
a holarctic distribution which, prior to the<br />
revision by Hurley (1985), was known in<br />
Europe under the name <strong>of</strong> H. wahlgreni<br />
Frey, 1915.<br />
Medetera parenti Stackelberg, 1925<br />
AK, Frogn: HA0ya, EIS28, 22 July-18<br />
August 1984,20'0' (Malaise trap A); Brerum:<br />
Ost0ya, EIS28, 1-24 July 1984,2<br />
0'0' (Malaise trap B), all leg. F. Midtgaard.<br />
All <strong>of</strong> these specimens have kindly been<br />
verified by Jonathan Cole, England.<br />
Argyra elongata (Zetterstedt, 1843)<br />
RY, Finn0Y: Kyrkj0Y, EIS14, 18 June-2<br />
July 1989, 1 0' (Malaise trap).<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
The author wishes to thank Dr. M. Chvala,<br />
Praha, and Mr. J. Cole, Brampton for their<br />
identifications <strong>of</strong>a couple <strong>of</strong>the species treated<br />
in this paper. Further thanks go to Mrs. L.<br />
Greve Jensen, Bergen and to Mr. L. O. Hansen,<br />
As for gifts/loan <strong>of</strong> material. And finally,<br />
a sincere thank goes to the collectors,<br />
namely T. Andersen, A. FjeldsA, J. Korsnes,<br />
D. W. B. Johansen and F. Midtgaard.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Nye arter for Norge av Empidoidea<br />
Tretten arter av Empidoidea (d. e. familiene<br />
Hybotidae, Empididae og Dolichopodidae)<br />
blir rapportert som nye for norsk fauna: Platypalpus<br />
australominutus, P. vividus, Sti/pon<br />
nubi/us, S. lunatus (Hybotidae), Rhamphomyia<br />
albitarsis, Empis albinervis, Hi/ara albiventris,<br />
H. morata, Hemerodromia baetica,<br />
Dolichocephala thomasi (Empididae), Dolichopus<br />
signifer, Medetera parenti og Argyra<br />
elongata (Dolichopodidae). Sju av disse er<br />
ogsA nye for Skandinavia. Funnet av disse<br />
artene f0rer antallet av norske Empidoidea<br />
opp i 465 arter, fordelt pA 122 Hybotidae,<br />
163 Empididae, 178 Dolichopodidae, 1 Atelestidae<br />
og 1 Microphoridae.<br />
1 tillegg blir det gitt utfyllende kommentarer<br />
og opplysninger om to interessante arter,<br />
Rhamphomyia lamellata og Hydrophorus altivagus,<br />
fra Miletjern, Mj0ndalen. Disse er<br />
tidligere rapportert som nye for Norge i en<br />
faunistisk rapport av Hansen og Bergsmark<br />
(1990).<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Bartak, M. 1982. The Czechoslovak species <strong>of</strong><br />
Rhamphomyia (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Empididae), with<br />
description <strong>of</strong> a new species from Central Europe.<br />
Acta. Univ. Carolinae-Biol. 1980: 381<br />
461.<br />
Chvala, M. 1975. The Tachydromiinae (Dipt.<br />
Empididae) <strong>of</strong> Fennoscandia and Denmark.<br />
Fauna ent. Scand. 3; 336 pp.<br />
Chvala, M. 1983. The Empidoidea (<strong>Diptera</strong>) <strong>of</strong><br />
Fennoscandia and Denmark 11. Fauna ent.<br />
Scand. 12: 279 pp.<br />
Chvala, N. & Wagner, R. 1989. Family Empididae.<br />
In: Catalogue <strong>of</strong> Palaearctic <strong>Diptera</strong> 6:<br />
228-336.<br />
Collin, J. E. 1961. British flies. VI: Empididae.<br />
Cambridge University Press; 782 pp.<br />
Frey, R. 1914. Verzeichnis von Dr. E. Strand in<br />
Norwegen gesammelter <strong>Diptera</strong> Brachycera<br />
(Fam. Empididae, Dolichopodidae und Lonchopteridae).<br />
In: Strand, E. Neue Beitrage zur<br />
Arthropodenfauna Norwegens, part XVII. Nyt<br />
Mag. Naturvid. 51: 320-22.<br />
Grootaert, P. 1989. Description <strong>of</strong> a new Platypalpus<br />
species, closely allied to P. minutus<br />
Meigen (<strong>Diptera</strong> Empidoidea Hybotidae) from<br />
Europe. Bull. Annls Soc. r. beige Ent. 125:<br />
243-50.<br />
Hansen, L. O. & Bergsmark, E. 1990. Insektlivet i<br />
og rundt Miletjern. En unders0kelse av insektfaunaen<br />
i og rundt Miletjern, et eutr<strong>of</strong>t tjern<br />
ved Mj0ndalen, Nedre Eiker kommune, Buskerud.<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> Entomologisk Forening avd. Drammen.<br />
43 pp.<br />
Hurley, R. L. 1985. Dolichopodidae: Hydrophorinae.<br />
In: Flies <strong>of</strong> the Nearctic Region. Vl 6;<br />
112 pp.<br />
Niesiolowski, S. 1990. Morfologia, biolo"gia i wystepowanie<br />
w Polsce wodnych Empididae (<strong>Diptera</strong>,<br />
Brachycera). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu<br />
LOdzkiego; 169 pp.<br />
Wagner, R. 1983. Aquatische Empididen (<strong>Diptera</strong>)<br />
aus hessischen Mittelgebirgen und angrenzenden<br />
Gebieten. Beitr. Naturkde. Osthessen<br />
19: 135-146.<br />
0kland, K. A. 1981. Inndeling av Norge til bruk<br />
ved biogeografiske oppgaver - et revidert<br />
Strandsystem. Fauna, Oslo, 34: 167-78.<br />
Received 18 Dec. 1991
•
A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>Tipulidae</strong> (<strong>Diptera</strong>)<br />
TROND HOFSVANG<br />
H<strong>of</strong>svang, T. 1992. A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>Tipulidae</strong> (<strong>Diptera</strong>). Fauna norv. Ser. B<br />
39: 77-79.<br />
A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> 93 species <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tipulidae</strong> recorded from Norway is presented.<br />
Trond H<strong>of</strong>svang, <strong>Norwegian</strong> Plant Protection Institute, Department <strong>of</strong> Entomology<br />
and Nematology, Fellesbygget, N-1432 As, Norway.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Tipuloidea consists <strong>of</strong>the three families <strong>Tipulidae</strong>,<br />
Limoniidae and Cylindrotomidae. A<br />
<strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>Tipulidae</strong> has never<br />
been published. Most <strong>of</strong> the 93 species reported<br />
from Norway, have been collected or<br />
<strong>check</strong>ed in <strong>Norwegian</strong> museums by the author.<br />
A few species, marked with no. 1-16,<br />
are taken from the literature.<br />
pratensis (L., 1758)<br />
quadriraria (Meigen, 1804)<br />
scurra (Meigen, 1818)<br />
submaculosa Edwards, 1928 4)<br />
tenuipes (Riedel, 1910)<br />
nigra (L., 1758)<br />
Nigrotipula Hutson et Vane-Wrigth, 1969<br />
THE CHECK LIST<br />
Family <strong>Tipulidae</strong><br />
Angarotipula Savchenko,1961<br />
tumidicornis (Lundstriim, 1907) 1)<br />
Ctenophora Meigen, 1803<br />
Subgenus Ctenophora Meigen 1803<br />
naveolata (Fabricius, 1794)<br />
guttata Meigen, 1818 2)<br />
pectinicornis (L., 1758)<br />
bimaculata (L., 1761)<br />
albipes (Strem, 1768)<br />
Dictenidia Brulh!, 1833<br />
Dolichopeza Curtis, 1825<br />
Subgenus Dolichopeza Curtis, 1825<br />
Nephrotoma Meigen, 1803<br />
acule-dta (Loew, 1871)<br />
analis (Schummel, 1833)<br />
appendiculata (Pierre, 1919)<br />
corniclna (L., 1758)<br />
crocata (L., 1758)<br />
dorsalis (Fabricius, 1782)<br />
navescens (L., 1758)<br />
lundbecki (Nielsen, 1907)<br />
lunulicomis (Schummel, 1833) 3)<br />
Fauna nOTV. SeT. B 39: 77-79. Oslo 1992<br />
vittata (Meigen, 1830)<br />
Phoroctenia Coquillett, 1910<br />
Prinocera Loew, 1844<br />
pubescens Loew, 1844 5)<br />
serricornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)<br />
subserricornis (Zetterstedt, 1851)<br />
turciea (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
Taoyptera Latreille, 1804<br />
atrata (L., 1758)<br />
nigricornis (Meigen, 1818)<br />
subgenus Tanyptera Latreille, 1804<br />
lipula L., 1758<br />
rulvipennis De Geer, 1776<br />
maxima Poda, 1761<br />
vittata Meigen, 1804<br />
salicetorum Siebke, 1870<br />
unea Wiedemann, 1817<br />
navolineata Meigen, 1804<br />
subgenus Acutipula Alexander, 1924<br />
subgenus Arctotipula Alexander,1933<br />
subgenus Beringotipula Savchenko, 1961<br />
subgenus Dendrotipula Savchenko, 1964<br />
77
subgenus Lindnerina Mannheims, 1965<br />
subexcisa Lundstrom, 1907 6)<br />
subgenus Lunatipula Edwards, 1931<br />
affinis Schummel, 1833 7)<br />
alpina Loew, 1873<br />
circumdata Siebke, 1863<br />
rascipennis Meigen, 1818<br />
laetabilis Zellerstedt, 1838<br />
Iimitata Schummel, 1833<br />
Iivida van der Wulp, 1858 8)<br />
lunata L., 1758<br />
selene Meigen, 1830<br />
trispinosa Lundstrlim, 1907 9)<br />
vernalis Meigen, 1804<br />
siebkei Zellerstedt, 1852<br />
nodicornis Meigen, 1818<br />
subgenus Mediotipula Pierre, 1924<br />
subgenus Odonalisca Savchenko, 1964<br />
subgenus P1atytipula Matsumura, 1916<br />
subgenus Tipula L., 1758<br />
paludosa Meigen, 1830<br />
subcunctans Alexander, 1921<br />
suhgenus Vestiplex Bezzi, 1924<br />
excisa Schummel, 1833<br />
horlorum L., 1758<br />
laccata Lundstriim et Frey, 1916<br />
monatana verberneae Mannheins et Theowald, 1959<br />
nubeculosa Meigen, 1804<br />
pallidicosta Pierre, 1924<br />
scripta Meigen, 1830<br />
subgenus Yamatotipula Matsumura, 1916<br />
coerulescens Lackschewitz, 1923<br />
couckei Tonnoir in Goetghebuer et Tonnoir, 1921<br />
lateralis Meigen, 1804<br />
marginella Theowald, 1980 15)<br />
moesta Riedel, 1919 16)<br />
montium Egger, 1863<br />
pierrei Tonnoir in Goetghebuer and Tonnoir, 1921<br />
pruinosa Wiedemann, 1817<br />
ANNONTATIONS<br />
luteipennis Meigen, 1830<br />
melanoceros Schummel, 1833<br />
suhgenus Pterelachisus Rondani, 1842<br />
cinereocincta Lundstrom, 1907 10)<br />
crassicornis Zellerstedt, 1838 11)<br />
irrorata Macquart, 1826<br />
kaisilai Mannheims, 1954 12)<br />
laetibasis Alexander, 1934 13)<br />
luridorostris Schummel, 1833<br />
middendorffi Lackschewitz, 1936<br />
pabulina Meigen, 1818<br />
pseudoirrorata Goetghebuer in Goetghebuer and Tonnoir, 1921<br />
submarmorata Schummel, 1833<br />
truncorum Meigen, 1830<br />
varipennis Meigen, 1818<br />
subgenus Savtshenkia Alexander, 1966<br />
1) Lackschewitz (1935)<br />
2) Siebke (1877), Lackschewitz (1933)<br />
3) Oosterbroek (1979)<br />
4) Tjeder (1965)<br />
5) Mannheims (1952), Tjeder (1965)<br />
6) Lackschewitz (1935), Tjeder (1965)<br />
7) Lackschewitz (1935)<br />
8) Tjeder (1955)<br />
9) Lackschewitz (1935)<br />
10) Lackschewitz (1935)<br />
11) Tjeder (1965)<br />
12) Oosterbroek, pers. comm.<br />
13) Mannheims & Nielsen (1953)<br />
14) Siebke (1877), Lackschewitz (1933)<br />
15) Siebke (1877), Lackschewitz (1933)<br />
16) Mannheims (1952, 1972)<br />
alpium Bergroth, 1888<br />
benesignata Mannheims, 1954<br />
conrusa van der Wulp, 1887<br />
gimmerlhali Lackschewitz, 1925<br />
grisescens Zellerstedt, 1851<br />
invenusta Riedel, 1919<br />
Iimbata Zetterstedt, 1838<br />
obsoleta Meigen, 1818<br />
pagana Meigen, 1818 14)<br />
rufina Meigen, 1818<br />
signata Staeger, 1840<br />
staegeri Nielsen, 1922<br />
subnodicornis Zellerstedt, 1838<br />
subgenus Schummelia Edwards, 1931<br />
variicornis Schummel, 1833<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Lackschewitz, P. 1933. Revision der in Siebke's<br />
Catalogus Dipterorum angefiihrten Tipuliden. "<br />
<strong>Norsk</strong> ent. Tidsskr. 3: 238-255.<br />
Lackschewitz, P. 1935. Zur Kenntnis der polyneu<br />
ren Nematoceren (Dipt.) des nordlichen Nor<br />
wegens. TromsEJ Mus. arsh. 53 (8): 3-27.<br />
Lackschewitz, P. 1936. Das Genus Tipufa (Dip<br />
tera Nematocera) in der Arktis und dem borea<br />
len Waldgebiet Eurasiens. Trudy zo<strong>of</strong>. Inst.,<br />
Leningr. 4: 245-312.<br />
Mannheims, B.1952. 15. <strong>Tipulidae</strong>, pp. 113-136<br />
in: Lindner, E. (ed.) Die Fliegen der pafaearktischen<br />
Region. 3 (5) 1, Lief 173. E. Schwei<br />
zerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.<br />
4<br />
78
Mannheims, B. 1972. The invertebrate fauna <strong>of</strong><br />
the Kilpisjarvi area, Finnish Lapland, 16. <strong>Diptera</strong><br />
Tipuloidea. Acta Soc. Fauna Flora fenn.<br />
80: 233-237.<br />
Mannheims, B. & Nielsen, P. 1953. Tipula (Oreomyza)<br />
caerulea n. sp. (Dipt.). Ent. Meddr. 26:<br />
586-587.<br />
Oosterbroek, P. 1979. The western paLaearctic<br />
species <strong>of</strong> Nephrotoma Meigen, 1803. (<strong>Diptera</strong>,<br />
<strong>Tipulidae</strong>), part 4, including a key to the<br />
species. Beaufortia 29: 129-197.<br />
Siebke, H. 1877. Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegicorum.<br />
Fasciculum IV, Catalogum Dipterorum<br />
Continentem. A. W. Br0gger, Christiania, 255<br />
pp.<br />
Tjeder, B. 1955. Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae.<br />
14. <strong>Diptera</strong>: Fam. <strong>Tipulidae</strong>. Opusc. ent. 20:<br />
229-247.<br />
Tjeder, B. 1965. Faunistic notes on <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
<strong>Tipulidae</strong>(Dipt.).<strong>Norsk</strong>ent. Tidsskr.13:41<br />
46.<br />
Received 12 Febr. 1992<br />
79
Leucophenga quinquemaculata Strobl (<strong>Diptera</strong>,<br />
Drosophilidae) from Norway<br />
GERHARD BACHLI AND KARL H. THUNES<br />
Biichli, G., & Thunes, K. H. 1992. Leucophenga quinquemaculata Strobl (<strong>Diptera</strong><br />
Drosophilidae) from Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 81-84.<br />
'<br />
Large numbers <strong>of</strong> the rare species Leucophenga quiquemaculata Strobl have been<br />
reared from sporophores <strong>of</strong> Piptoporus betulinus (Bull. ex Fr.) Karst. found near<br />
Bergen, Norway. This is the second fungus species known to be used as breeding site for<br />
L. quinquemaculata.<br />
Gerhard Biichli, Zoological Museum, University <strong>of</strong>Zurich-Irchel, Winterthurerstrasse<br />
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.<br />
Karl H. Thunes, Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, University <strong>of</strong> Bergen, Museplass 3, N-5007<br />
Bergen, Norway.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Specimens <strong>of</strong> the drosophilid species Leucophenga<br />
quinquemaculata Strobl are considered<br />
to be rare and have hitherto been collected<br />
at few localities only: in Austria at the<br />
Rottenmann mountain, Styria (Strobl 1893,<br />
1894, Basden 1961) at the Almsee near Salzburg<br />
(Bachli 1988), at Oberlaussa, Upper<br />
Austria (Franz 1989) and at Schlins, Vorarlberg<br />
(unpublished); in northern Italy at Macugnaga<br />
(Oldenberg 1914); in Finland at<br />
Hattula (Frey 1929) and Helsinge (unpublished);<br />
in northwestern Russia (Shtakel'berg<br />
1930, 1988; Papp 1979; Gornostayev 1989);<br />
in South Poland near Habelschwerdt =Bystrzyca<br />
(Duda 1934/35); in Switzerland at Seelisberg<br />
UR, Faido TI and Bex VD (Bachli<br />
1975; Bachli & Burla 1985); in Czechoslovakia<br />
at Hlubokli nad Vltavou, southern Bohemia<br />
(Maca & La~tovka 1985) and at Horni<br />
Lomna, Moravia-Silesia (Maca 1991); in<br />
Romania at Gura Zlata in the Retezat Mts.<br />
(Maca 1987) and at Bdile Herkulane (unpublished);<br />
in Norway at AK: Frogn, Ha0ya<br />
(Bachli 1986) and in Sweden at Balsa, Smaland<br />
(unpublished). The species is also mentioned<br />
from Far-East Russia (Shtakel'berg<br />
1988) and South Korea (Lee 1964, 1966,<br />
1970; Lee & Kim 1987), but all these records<br />
may be misidentifications (Bachli & Rocha<br />
Pite 1982).<br />
The species has obviously a wide distribution,<br />
covering the Alps and Carpathians <strong>of</strong><br />
Central and Southeast Europe as well as<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 81-84. Oslo 1992<br />
Scandinavia; all localities outside <strong>of</strong> Scandinavia<br />
are in mountain regions but not necessarily<br />
in higher altitudes. One could consider<br />
this as an example <strong>of</strong> the boreo-alpine<br />
distribution type; we think that the distribution<br />
<strong>of</strong>L. quinquemaculata is most probably<br />
dependent on some ecological factors found<br />
in Scandinavia as well as in these mountains.<br />
Unfortunately, there are very few ecological<br />
data known; the species is usually not well<br />
attracted to the common fermenting fruit<br />
baits. It has been reared from unknown fungi<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Petrozavodsk region, Karelia (Papp<br />
1979), giving the first evidence that it is a<br />
fungus breeding species, and collected from<br />
sporophores <strong>of</strong>Fomesfomentarius (L. ex Fr.)<br />
Kickx in Czechoslovakia (Maca & La~tovka<br />
1985) and Romania (Maca 1987). Our paper<br />
adds an additional breeding site.<br />
STUDY AREA AND METHODS<br />
Sporophores <strong>of</strong> Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.<br />
ex Fr.) Karst. and Fomes fomentarius (L. ex<br />
Fr.) Kickx were collected from tree trunks, <strong>of</strong><br />
Betula pubescens Ehrh. at four localities near<br />
Bergen (Fig. 1, Table I).<br />
Locality 1, HaY; Os; Hovdane; St. 1 is an<br />
oceanic pine forest with B. pubescens as the<br />
additional most conspicous tree species. Locality<br />
2, HaY; Os; Asen; St.2 is also an oceanic<br />
pine forest, but B. pubescens and Quercus<br />
robur L. frequently scattered throughout the<br />
locality. Locality 3, HaY; Lindas; Vollom is<br />
81
Fig. 1. Sampling areas in Hordaland County in western Norway. Numbers refer to locality numbers<br />
mentioned in Table 1. The - represents the city <strong>of</strong> Bergen.<br />
a decidious beech forest. Locality 4, HOY;<br />
Lindas; Heltveit is a decidious forest in a<br />
steep slope. Corylus avellana L., B. pubescens,<br />
Sorbus aucuparia L., Ulmus glabra<br />
Huds., Alnus incana (L.), A. glutinosa (L.),<br />
Fraxinus excelsior L. and Prunus padus L.<br />
form the major tree - flora.<br />
All sporophores were collected on birch<br />
(B. pubescens) and each sporophore was assigned<br />
to a successional stage according to an<br />
extended version <strong>of</strong> Graves' (1956) classification:<br />
Stage 11 is divided into IIA and lIB<br />
where IIA shows no or minor attack by in-<br />
Table I. Localities where the Drosophilidae were<br />
found. Codes refer to sample numbers.<br />
CODE<br />
82<br />
LOC.<br />
No.<br />
LOCAUfY<br />
Na...<br />
SITE UThl32 V ALTlTIIDE<br />
meters<br />
(XIS 3 HOY,Undls Vollom KN 932 287 10-25<br />
134 2 HOY,Os Asen,SI2 LM 051851 125<br />
147 I HOY,Os Hovdane,Stl LM 061851 125<br />
191 4 HOY,UndIs Hellveit LN OS3 280 SO-lOO<br />
sects. Stage lIB shows major attack by insects.<br />
Stage III is divided into IlIA and IIIB<br />
where stage IlIA shows tissue breakdown,<br />
but no or minor attack. Stage IIIB shows<br />
major attack. Stage IVA is dry, decaying and<br />
may be considerably hollowed out by insects.<br />
Stage IVB is wet, and hence it is more rapidly<br />
decaying.<br />
The sporophores were put in plastic funnels<br />
on which the large opening was covered<br />
with tulle. Series <strong>of</strong> funnels were arranged on<br />
wooden benches specially constructed for<br />
this purpose. Collecting jars containing a<br />
50150 mixture <strong>of</strong>aethyleneglycolum and water<br />
were put under each funnel. The benches<br />
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION<br />
The following species <strong>of</strong> Drosophilidae were<br />
reared from P. betulinus: Scaptomyza grami<br />
I ~<br />
were placed outside in order to achieve envi<br />
ronmental conditions close to natural for the<br />
sporophore fauna.<br />
t
Table 11. Rearing results for drosophilid flies from Piptoporus betu/inus (Bull. ex Fr.) Karst. For further<br />
explanation see text.<br />
CODE<br />
COLLECfING<br />
DATE AGE STAGE<br />
EMERGENCE<br />
PERIOD<br />
S. graminum D. !enestrarum L. quinquemaculata<br />
00 99 00 99 00 99<br />
005 4.March 1991 1 HA 4-28 March.91 1<br />
134 24.May 1991 2 IVB 24. May-8.June.91 1<br />
147 a 8.June 1991 1 IIIB 6-23 July.91 4<br />
147 b 8.June 1991 1 IIIB 23.July-3.Aug.91 10 12<br />
191 a 6.July 1991 1 IVA 6-23.July.91 27 49<br />
191 b 6.July 1991 1 IVA 23.July-3.Aug.91 25 24<br />
191 c 6.July 1991 1 IVA 3-17.Aug.91 9 6<br />
num Fallen, Drosophila fenestrarum Fallen<br />
and Leucophenga quinquemaculata Strobl.<br />
Habitat data and emergence period for these<br />
three species are summarized in Table 11.<br />
The number <strong>of</strong> specimens <strong>of</strong> L. quinquemaculata<br />
is the highest ever found. All earlier<br />
records <strong>of</strong> this species do not mention more<br />
than a few flies. Even the rearing records<br />
from Karelia (Papp 1979) are restricted to 8<br />
males and 3 females. Unfortunately, it is unknown<br />
from which species <strong>of</strong> fungi these flies<br />
were reared.<br />
The species has already been collected by<br />
net sweeping around Fomes fomentarius<br />
(Maca & Lastovka 1985; Maca 1987). This<br />
may give a hint that additional species <strong>of</strong><br />
polypores are suitable as breeding sites. However,<br />
P. betulinus and F. fomentarius were<br />
collected in about the same numbers by the<br />
second author, drosophilids were never<br />
found in the latter species.<br />
In general, there is no aberrant sex-ratio<br />
except in the sample No. 191a in which females<br />
are obviously more abundant, as it has<br />
been found for flies reared in Karelia (Papp<br />
1979) and collected by net sweeping (Maca<br />
1991).<br />
All specimens <strong>of</strong> both sexes are rather pale<br />
in the abdominal pattern and in the wing<br />
spots, indicating that the flies were juvenile<br />
and were killed soon after the emergence.<br />
This kind <strong>of</strong>colour variation has been discussed<br />
by Duda (1934/35) and Maca (1991)<br />
who has attributed it to sexual dimorphism.<br />
S. graminum is previously known as a leaf<br />
miner and D. fenstrarum breeds in decaying<br />
plants. There is thus no evidence that these<br />
species have a strong affiliation with polypores.<br />
We think that S. graminum may have<br />
been pupating (or overwintering) in the spore<br />
layer <strong>of</strong> the polypore. D. fenestrarum was<br />
reared from a polypore in stage IVB, which<br />
may represent a type <strong>of</strong> habitat not very different<br />
from decaying plants.<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT<br />
Thanks are due to Dr. E. Willassen for commenting<br />
upon the manuscript, and to L.<br />
Greve Jensen for sending material for identification.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Leucophenga quinquemaculata Strobl<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>, Drosophilidae) (ra Norge.<br />
Et stort antall av den antatt sjeldne arten<br />
Leucophenga quinquemaculata Strobl er<br />
klekket fra fruktlegemer av knivkjuke (Piptoporus<br />
betulinus (Bull. ex Fr.) Karst.), funnet<br />
ved Bergen. Den er tidligere trodd avrere<br />
en kjukelevende art, men den er aldri funnet i<br />
st0rre antall f0f d. Knivkjuke er den andre<br />
kjukearten hvor L. quinquemaculata er klekket<br />
fra.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Biichli, G. 1975. Faunistische und okologische<br />
Untersuchungen an Drosophiliden-Arten (<strong>Diptera</strong>)<br />
der Schweiz. VIII. Fangort Seelisberg<br />
UR. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 48: 383-386.<br />
Biichli, G. 1986. Drosophilidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Hardangervidda and a survey <strong>of</strong> the family in<br />
Norway. Fauna <strong>of</strong>the Hardangervidda 17:1<br />
17.<br />
83
Bachli, G. 1988. Die Drosophiliden-Arten (<strong>Diptera</strong>)<br />
in der Sammlung des Naturhistorischen<br />
Museums Wien. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien<br />
90B: 131-148.<br />
Bachli, G. & Burla, H. 1985. <strong>Diptera</strong>, Drosophilidae.<br />
Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 116 pp.<br />
Bachli, G. & Rocha Pitt\ M. T. 1982. Annotated<br />
bibliography <strong>of</strong> Palearctic species <strong>of</strong> Drosophilidae<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>). Beitr. Ent. 32: 303-392.<br />
Basden, E. B. 1961. Type collections <strong>of</strong> Drosophilidae<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>). 1. The Strobl Collection. Beitr.<br />
Ent. 11: 160-224.<br />
Duda, O. 1934/35. 58g. Drosophilidae, pp. 1<br />
118 in: Lindner, E. (ed.) Die Fliegen der paliiarktischen<br />
Region. Stuttgart, Schweizerbart'<br />
sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.<br />
Franz, H. 1989. Die Nordost-Alpen im Spiegel<br />
ihrer Landtierwelt. Eine Gebietsmonographie,<br />
umfassend: Fauna, Faunengeschichte, Lebesgemeinschaften<br />
und Beeinflussung der Tierwelt<br />
durch den Menschen, unter Mitwirkung<br />
zahlreicher Spezia<strong>list</strong>en. Band VII2, <strong>Diptera</strong><br />
Cyclorrapha. Innsbruck, UniversitlHsverlag<br />
Wagner. 445 pp.<br />
Frey, R. 1929. (no title). Notul. Ent. 9: 126-127.<br />
Gornostayev, N. G. 1989. Faunistic data on the<br />
Drosophilidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) <strong>of</strong> the USSR. Entomol.<br />
Revue 68: 137-148.<br />
Graves, R. C. 1956. Ecology <strong>of</strong>the polypore habitat<br />
and its associated fauna. Ph. D. thesis,<br />
Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill.<br />
Lee, T. J. 1964. Taxonomy, and geographical distributiion<br />
<strong>of</strong> Drosophilidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) in Korea.<br />
Chungang Univ. Theses Coll. 9: 425-459.<br />
Lee, T. J. 1966. A <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> drosophilid fauna in<br />
Korea. Rev. Sci. Engin. Chungang Univ. 2: 7<br />
20.<br />
Lee, T. J. 1970. Genetic Studies in Population <strong>of</strong><br />
Drosophila auraria. (In Korean, with English<br />
summary). Chungang Univ. Theses Coll. 15:<br />
239-258.<br />
Lee, T. J. & Kim, N. W. 1987. Systematic study <strong>of</strong><br />
the Drosophilidae in Korea. Korean J. Genet 9:<br />
113-129.<br />
Maca, J. 1987. Amiota (Phortica) goetzi sp. n.<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>, Drosophilidae) with faunistic notes<br />
to Drosophilidae, Odiniidae and Periscelididae<br />
from Southeastern Europe and Turkey.<br />
Acta Entomol. Mus. Natn. Pragae 42: 311<br />
320.<br />
Maca, J. 1991. Taxonomic notes on some Drosophilidae<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>) from Czechoslovakia.<br />
Acta Entom. Bohemoslov. 88: 415-423.<br />
Maca, J. & Lastovka, P. 1985. Notes on the faunistics<br />
and zoogeography <strong>of</strong> the family Drosophi<br />
Iidae in Czechoslovakia, pp. 271-287 in: Pacuta,<br />
M. & S"tollar, S. (ed. Organizmy a prostredie.<br />
Nitra Pedagog. FakuHa.<br />
Oldenberg, L. 1914. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der europaischen<br />
Drosophiliden (DipL). Arch. Naturgesch.<br />
80(A)2: 1-42.<br />
Papp, L. 1979. Some fungivorous species <strong>of</strong><br />
Sphaeroceridae and Drosophilidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>)<br />
from Karelia, USSR. Fol. Ent. Hung., Ser. Nov.<br />
32: 189-193.<br />
Shtakel'berg, A. A. 1930. K fauneDrosophilidae<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>) Ingrii. (In Russian). Russk. Entom.<br />
Obozr 24: 63-66.<br />
ShtakeI'berg, A. A. 1988. Family Drosophilidae,<br />
pp. 651-665 in: Bei-Bienko, G. Ya. (ed.)<br />
Keys to the insects <strong>of</strong>the European part <strong>of</strong>the<br />
USSR. Vol v: Part II. New Dehli, Amerind<br />
Publishing Co.<br />
Strobl, G. 1893. Neue osterreichische Muscidae<br />
Acalypterae. Ill. Theil. Wien. Ent. Ztg. 12:<br />
280-285.<br />
Strobl, G. 1894. Die Dipteren von Steiermark. 11.<br />
Theil. Mitt. Naturwiss. Ver. Steiermark<br />
30(1893): 1-152.<br />
Received 21 March 1992<br />
84
The genus Keroplatus Hose, 1792 - an interesting<br />
addition to the <strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna (<strong>Diptera</strong>:<br />
Keroplatidae)<br />
BJ0RN 0KLAND AND GEIR S0LI<br />
0kland, B. & S01i, G. E. E. 1992. The genus Keroplatus Bosc, 1792 - an interesting<br />
addition to the <strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Keroplatidae). Fauna norv. Ser. B 39:<br />
85-88.<br />
The genus Keroplatus is reported new to Norway, based on 5 finds from southern<br />
Norway in the period 1982-1991. The specimens belong to the species K. testaceus<br />
Dalman, 1818 and K. dispar Dufour, 1839. Notes on taxonomy, biology and distri<br />
bution are given. Keroplatus species seem to be closely associated with virgin forests.<br />
As these forests are vanishing in Norway, both species should be regarded as vulner<br />
able.<br />
Bj0rn 0kland, <strong>Norwegian</strong> Forest Research Institute, H0gskoleveien 12, N-1432 As,<br />
Norway.<br />
Geir E. E. S01i, Zoological museum, University <strong>of</strong>Bergen Museplass 3, N-5007 Bergen,<br />
Norway.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Keroplatus species are noteworthy fungus<br />
gnats in several ways. They are unusually<br />
large, with long and strongly compressed an<br />
tennae. At first sight, they may look like<br />
crane flies or wasps. Their larvae spin webs,<br />
in which they trap fungal spores and carnivo<br />
rous preys. Luminous larvae and pupae have<br />
been documented in several species (first<br />
time by Wahlberg 1849). Despite their con<br />
spicious appearance, no Keroplatus species<br />
have so far been published from Norway<br />
(Krivosheina and Mamaev 1988, Krogerus<br />
1960, Siebke 1877, SootRyen 1942, Lund<br />
str6m 1914). During an extensive study <strong>of</strong> an<br />
old spruce forest in Akershus, SE Norway,<br />
• during 1991, one single female was collected<br />
in a window trap. In addition, four specimens<br />
are kept in the collection <strong>of</strong> Zoological museum<br />
Bergen - all collected in southern<br />
Norway. The collections in the zoological<br />
museums <strong>of</strong> Oslo, Trondheim and Troms0 do<br />
not comprise any additional specimens.<br />
SYSTEMATICS<br />
Keroplatidae is treated as an independant<br />
family under the superfamily Sciaroidea<br />
(Andersson 1991) <strong>of</strong> the superfamily Myce-<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 85-88. Oslo 1992<br />
Fig. 1. Keroplatus testaceus, male. Drawn after a<br />
specimen stored in alcohol.<br />
85<br />
j
A<br />
B<br />
Bp<br />
Fig. 2. Female cerci in (A) Keroplatus testaceus<br />
and (B) Keroplatus dispar.<br />
tophilidea (Matile 1990), but is frequently<br />
considered a subfamily, Keroplatinae, in the<br />
family Mycetophilidae (e.g. Hutson, Ackland<br />
and Kidd 1980, Wood and Borkent<br />
1989). Present discriptions <strong>of</strong> Keroplatidae<br />
include 80 genera and 800 species from all<br />
zoogeographical regions (Matile 1990).<br />
Keroplatidae is divided into three subfamilies,<br />
<strong>of</strong> which two are represented in Europe,<br />
Macrocerinae and Keroplatinae. The latter<br />
includes the genus Keroplatus. In this revision<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Keroplatus, Matile (1986) gives<br />
an overview <strong>of</strong>the long and confusing history<br />
with respect to the systematic naming <strong>of</strong>these<br />
species. Four species have been recorded<br />
from Europe, tipuloides Bosc, 1792, testaceus<br />
Oalman, 1818, dispar Oufour, 1839,<br />
and reamurii Oufour, 1839.<br />
Fig. 3. Male genitalia <strong>of</strong> Keroplatus testaceus. A.<br />
Right gonostylus, internal view. B. Gonocoxite,<br />
ventral view (right gonostylus removed).<br />
Table 1. Some measurements <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Norwegian</strong> specimens <strong>of</strong> Keroplatus.<br />
IDENTIFICATION<br />
Among the fungus gnats, the family Keroplatidae<br />
can be characterized by wing venation<br />
(see Fig. 1): Posterior fork and stem <strong>of</strong> median<br />
fork are connected by a cross-vein well<br />
beyond the basal portion <strong>of</strong>the wing; radius 4<br />
is absent or less than half the length <strong>of</strong> radius<br />
5; subcosta long; media and radius are fused<br />
for a short distance (Hutson et al. 1980,<br />
Vockeroth 1981).<br />
The genus Keroplatus is easily recognized<br />
by the huge, flattened atennae and the reduced<br />
palps (Fig. 1). In his world revision <strong>of</strong><br />
Keroplatidae, Matile keys out ten species <strong>of</strong><br />
Keroplatus in the Holarctic region (Matile<br />
1990), and this key was used in the identification<br />
<strong>of</strong> the present material.<br />
Two closely related species were recognized,<br />
K. testaceus and K. dispar. They do not<br />
differ notably in body size nor in wing length;<br />
but, intraspecific variation was observed<br />
(Table 1). The two species may be identified<br />
by characters in the wing venation. In K.<br />
testaceus, subcosta ends near apex <strong>of</strong> the radius-media<br />
fusion, whi~e it ends distinctly<br />
r<br />
,<br />
Species Sex N Body Length Wing Length<br />
Keroplatus testaceus female 2 9.0-13.7 mm 6.8-9.4 mm<br />
Keroplatus testaceus<br />
male 1 11.0 mm<br />
6.6 mm<br />
Keroplatus dispar<br />
female 2 11.9-14.5 mm 8.2-9.5 mm<br />
86
eyond this point in K. dispar. However, according<br />
to Matile (1990) genitalia should be<br />
studied to accomplish a certain identification.<br />
In females <strong>of</strong> K. dispar, the cerci are<br />
widest at its base, while in K. testaceus, they<br />
are wider near its middle (Fig. 2). In males,<br />
the ventral lobe <strong>of</strong> the gonostylus is more<br />
pronounced in K. testaceus than in K. dispar<br />
(Fig. 3).<br />
A third species, K. tipuloides (Syn: K. sesioides<br />
Wahlberg, 1839), is likely to occur in<br />
Norway, but is still not recorded. Its wings<br />
are more clouded with a distinct clear spot at<br />
apex.<br />
NORWEGIAN RECORDS<br />
Keroplatus testaceus Dalman, 1818<br />
Syn: Keroplatus winnertzi Landrock, 1925.<br />
TEY: Porsgrunn, Brevik, Dammane, EIS 11,<br />
11-20 July 1988, 1 female, leg. G. S01i (Ma<br />
laise trap); Gravastranda, EIS 18, 19 Sept.<br />
1988, 1 male, leg. G. S01i (Malaise trap);<br />
HaY: Samnanger, Adland, EIS 31, 17<br />
July-13 Aug. 1982, 1 female, leg. A. J. Nil<br />
sen/L. Greve (Malaise trap).<br />
Keroplatus dispar Dufour, 1839<br />
AK: Rrelingen, Tappenberg, EIS 29, July<br />
1991, 1 female, leg. B. 0kland/S. Hagvar<br />
(window trap). HaY: Samnanger, Adland,<br />
EIS 31, 17 July-13 Aug. 1982, 1 female,<br />
leg. A. J. Nilsen/L. Greve (Malaise trap).<br />
BIOLOGY<br />
All known larvae <strong>of</strong> Keroplatidae, except in<br />
the genus Planarivora, spin webs for capturing<br />
small animals or spores. Generally, these<br />
webs are constructed under dead, decomposing<br />
wood, and most <strong>of</strong>ten under resipunate<br />
or bracket Polypores (Matile 1990). Probably,<br />
both the larvae and the adults <strong>of</strong> most<br />
Keroplatidae are nocturnal. The are fragile,<br />
slow flying, short lived, and have little capacity<br />
for chance dispersal (Matile 1990). Larvae<br />
in three Platyura species (Keroplatidae)<br />
have been observed killing their prey in their<br />
web with small drops containing oxalic acid<br />
(Mansbridge 1933). The larvae <strong>of</strong> another<br />
fascinating Keroplatidae species, A rachnocampa<br />
luminosa (Skuse, 1890), construct<br />
webs on the walls in caves in New Zealand.<br />
The larvae are luminous, and the light from<br />
colonies <strong>of</strong> the larvae is supposed to attract<br />
preys into their webs (Dldroyd 1966).<br />
Within the genus Keroplatus, the biology<br />
is best studied in K. tipuloides. The larvae <strong>of</strong><br />
this species produce irregular mucilaginous<br />
webs under bracket-fungi, and feed primarily<br />
on fungus spores (Santini 1982). The species<br />
is reported to live solely under the carpophores<br />
<strong>of</strong> Fomes fomentarius (Fr.) Kickx (Polyporaceae)<br />
(Santini 1982, Stahls and Kaila<br />
1990). Both larvae and pupae are reported to<br />
be luminous (Wahlberg 1849, Santini 1982).<br />
There are few documentations on biology<br />
from the three other European Keroplatus<br />
species. Luminous larva is documented from<br />
K. reamurii, spinning larvae are studied in K.<br />
testaceus, and K. dispar is found under a polypore<br />
under a fallen tree-branch (Matile<br />
1986).<br />
The specimen <strong>of</strong> K. dispar from Akershus<br />
was trapped under a sporulating carpophore<br />
<strong>of</strong> Fomitopsis pinicola (Fr.) Karst. in an old<br />
spruce forest with a high density <strong>of</strong> dead<br />
wood and polypores. The two specimens <strong>of</strong><br />
K. testaceus from Telemark were both collected<br />
in a rather undisturbed mixed forest dominated<br />
by deciduous trees.<br />
DISTRIBUTION AND CONSERVATION<br />
EVALUATION<br />
In Fennoscandia both K. tipuloides and K.<br />
testaceus have been recorded from Sweden<br />
and Finland (Hackman 1980, Matile 1986),<br />
while K. dispar from Sweden only (Krivosheina<br />
and Mamaev, 1988, Matile 1986).<br />
K. tipuloides is regarded as an endangered<br />
species in Finland (Viiisiinen 1982, Anonymous<br />
1985) and as a vulnerable species in<br />
Sweden (Anderson et al. 1987). In Finland,<br />
no records <strong>of</strong>this species were made between<br />
1960 and 1989 despite comprehensive collection<br />
<strong>of</strong> more than 100000 fungus gnats by<br />
Hackman and Tuomikoski in the 1960s (Viiisiinen<br />
1982). K. tipuloides was rediscovered<br />
1989 (Stahls and Kaila 1990). The decline <strong>of</strong><br />
this species in Finland, is explained by the<br />
disappearance <strong>of</strong> old decidous trees with polypores,<br />
as a consequence <strong>of</strong> silvicultural<br />
practices (StAhls and Kaila 1990).<br />
On the British Isles, the only Keroplatus<br />
species, K. testaceus, is <strong>list</strong>ed as «rare» in the<br />
«British Red Data Book» (Shirt 1987).<br />
The <strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna <strong>of</strong> fungus gnats is<br />
poorly documented. However, due to their<br />
striking appearance, one should expect specimens<br />
<strong>of</strong> Keroplatus to be represented in<br />
museum collections if they were common.<br />
Hence, the two species here recorded must be<br />
87
considered rare in Norway. Both species<br />
show strong affinity to fungi in undisturbed<br />
forests. Since modern forestry has degraded<br />
most virgin forests in Norway, and very few<br />
remaining areas have been protected, the two<br />
species should at least be regarded as vulnerable.<br />
There are good reasons to pay attention<br />
to these species in order to achieve more information<br />
about their biology, distribution<br />
and relation to forest practices.<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
The present study was supported by the programme<br />
«Forest Ecology and Multible Use» (financial<br />
institutions: Agricultural Research Council<br />
<strong>of</strong> Norway and <strong>Norwegian</strong> National Committee<br />
for Environmental Research). Zoologcial Museum<br />
<strong>of</strong> Bergen and <strong>Norwegian</strong> Forest Research<br />
Institute. - We wish to thank the conservators<br />
Jan E. Raastad (Zoological museum <strong>of</strong> Oslo) and<br />
John O. Solem (Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim,)<br />
for responding to our request upon loan <strong>of</strong> material;<br />
thanks to Sigmund HAgvar for cooperation in<br />
field planning and sampling, 0yvind Fritsvold for<br />
practical field assistance and Lawrence Kirkendall<br />
for giving comments on the manuscript.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Slekten Keroplatus Dose - et interessant<br />
tillegg tiI den norske fauna (<strong>Diptera</strong>:<br />
Keroplatidae)<br />
Slekten Keroplatus rapporteres for f0rste<br />
gang fra Norge, basert pa 5 funn i S0r-Norge i<br />
perioden 1982-91. Individene tilh0rer artene<br />
K. testaceus Dalman, 1818 og K. dispar<br />
Dufour, 1839. Artenes systematikk, biologi<br />
og utbredelse er kort kommentert. Begge artene<br />
er sannsynligvis avhengige av uber0rt<br />
skog for aoverleve. Dette er naturtyper som<br />
star i fare for aforsvinne, og av den grunn b0r<br />
artene betraktes som «sarbare» i Norge.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Andersson, H. 1991. Aktuell klassificering av inhemske<br />
tvavinger (<strong>Diptera</strong>), med svenska<br />
namn pa familjerna. Ent. Tidskr. 112: 49-52.<br />
Anderson, H., Coulianos, C. C., Ehnstrom, B.,<br />
Hammarstedt, 0., Imby, L., Janzon, L.A., LindelOw,<br />
A. & Walden, H. W. Hotade evertebrater<br />
i Sverige. Ent. Tidskr. 108: 65-75.<br />
Dufour, L. 1839. Revision et monographie du<br />
genre Ceroplatus. Annls Sci, nat., ser. 2, 193<br />
213.<br />
Hackman, W. 1980. A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Finnish<br />
<strong>Diptera</strong> I. Nematocera and Brachycera (s.str.).<br />
Notulae Ent. 60: 17-48.<br />
Hutson, A. M., Ackland, D. M. and Kidd, L. N.<br />
1980. Mycetophilidae (Boltiphilinae, Ditomyiinae,<br />
Diadocidiinae, Keroplatinae, Sciophilinae<br />
and Manitinae) <strong>Diptera</strong>, Nematocera.<br />
Handb. Idem. Brit. Insects. 9, 3: 1-112.<br />
Krivosheina, N. P. and Mamaev, B. M. 1988. Family<br />
Keroplatidae. Pp. 199-209 in: S06s, A.<br />
and Papp, L. (eds.) Catalogue <strong>of</strong> palearctic<br />
<strong>Diptera</strong>.<br />
..<br />
Krogerus, R. 1960. Okologische Studien iiber<br />
nordische Moorarthropoden. Comm. Bioi. 21<br />
(3), 1-238.<br />
Lundstrom, C. 1914. Verzeichnis mehrerer von<br />
Dr. E. Strand in Norwegen gesammelten <strong>Diptera</strong><br />
Nematocera. Pp. 310-319 in: Strand, E.<br />
Neue Beitrage zur Athropoden -fauna Norwegens.<br />
Part. XVI. Nyt magazin for Naturvidenskaberne.<br />
Bd. 51, H. IV. Kristiania.<br />
Mansbridge, G. H. 1933. On the biology <strong>of</strong> some<br />
Ceroplatinae and Macrocerinae (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Mycetophilidae).<br />
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 81, 75<br />
92.<br />
Matile, L. 1986. L'Identite du «Ver de la Tipule de<br />
I'Agaric» de Reamur, et notes taxonomiques<br />
sur les Keroplatus Palearctiques (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Mycetophiloidea,<br />
Keroplatidae). A nnls Soc. ent.<br />
Fr. (N.S.) 22(3), 353-367.<br />
Matile, L. 1990. Recherches sur la systematique et<br />
I'evolution des Keroplatidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Mycetophiloidea).<br />
Memoires du Museum National<br />
d'Histoire Naturelle. Sir. A, Zoologie, Tome<br />
148, Paris.<br />
Oldroyd, H. 1966. The Natural History <strong>of</strong> Flies.<br />
Norton Library, New York. 324 p.<br />
Santini, L. 1982. Contributions to the knowledge<br />
<strong>of</strong> Italian fungusgnats. n. Observations made<br />
in Tuscany on ethology <strong>of</strong> Keroplatus tipuloides<br />
Bosc. (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Mycetophilidae, Keroplatinae).<br />
Frustula Entomol., N. S. 2(15): 151<br />
174.<br />
Shirt, D. B. (ed.) 1987. British Red Data Book. 2.<br />
Insects Nature Conservancy Council XLIV +<br />
402 pp.<br />
Siebke, H. 1877. Enumeratio Insectorum Norwegicorum,<br />
Fasc. IV (<strong>Diptera</strong>). Christiania<br />
(Oslo). 255 pp.<br />
Soot-Ryen, T. 1942. A review <strong>of</strong> the literature on<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>Diptera</strong> until the year 1940. Tromse<br />
museum lirshefter. Naturhistorisk avd. nr. 31.<br />
Vol. 65, nr. 3, 1-46.<br />
StAhls, G. and Kaila, L. 1990. Keroplatus tipuloides<br />
Bosc rediscovered in Finland (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Nematocera,<br />
Keroplatidae). Notulae Emomol. 69,<br />
203-206.<br />
Vaisanen, R. 1982. Vanishing and vulnerable <strong>Diptera</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> Finland. Notulae Entomol. 62, 111<br />
121.<br />
Vockeroth, J. R. 1981. Mycetophilidae, pp. 223<br />
247 in: McAlpine; J. F., Peterson, B. V., Shewell,<br />
G. E., Teskey, H. J., Vockeroth, J. R. and<br />
Wood, D. M. (eds.). Manual <strong>of</strong> Nearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>,<br />
Vol. 1. Research Branch Agriculture Canada.<br />
Monograph 32.<br />
Wahlberg, P. F. 1849. Merkwiirdiger Instinkt und<br />
Lichtentwicklung bei einer Schwedischen<br />
Miickenart. Stettin. ent. Ztg. 10, No. 4, 120<br />
123.<br />
Wood, D. M. and Borkent, A. 1989. Phylogeny<br />
and classification <strong>of</strong> the Nematocera, pp.<br />
1333-1370 in: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.), Manual<br />
<strong>of</strong> Nearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>, Vol. 3, Research Branch<br />
Agriculture Canada. Monograph 3.<br />
Received 14 Aug. 1992<br />
f
I<br />
( Short communications)<br />
NEOTTIOPHILUM PRAEUSTUM (MEIGEN,<br />
1826) (DIPTERA, NEOTTIOPHILIDAE)<br />
NEW TO NORWAY<br />
LITA GREVE & THOR JAN OLSEN<br />
The fly Neottiophilum praeustum (Meigen, 1826)<br />
is reported new to Norway. A female was netted<br />
near Tunevann, Tune in 0stfold, SE Norway on<br />
16 June 1991.<br />
Lita Greve, Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, University <strong>of</strong><br />
Bergen, Museplass 3, N~5007 Bergen. Thor Jan<br />
Olsen, Box 1062 Valask]old, N-1701 Sarpsborg.<br />
The fly Neottiophilum praeustum (Meigen 1826)<br />
belongs to the family Neottiphilidae which numbers<br />
only two rare species in Europe. Actenoptera<br />
hilarella (Zetterstedt, 1847), the other species in<br />
the family Neottiophilidae, has been recorded<br />
from Nortern Oppland province in Norway (SODS<br />
1984). There is an additional specimen in Zoological<br />
Museum, University <strong>of</strong> Bergen, collected<br />
from HOY Bergen, Isdalen on June 14 1970 by<br />
Tore RandulfNielsen and determined by R. Rozkosny.<br />
'" .<br />
Neottiophilidae look very slmlla.r to ~~es In t.he<br />
family Dryomyzidae, but th~ ~eottlophlhdae~Ies<br />
lack preapical setae on the tibia <strong>of</strong> the last pau <strong>of</strong><br />
legs, and they have well developed vibrissae in<br />
contrast to the Dryomyzidae.<br />
N. praeustum is a large fly with a bodylength<br />
around 8-9 mm. The black mid-frontal stripe on<br />
the frons is characteristic. The frons is otherwise<br />
brown. The wings have marked spots on both the<br />
anterior and the posterior cross-ribs, most <strong>of</strong> the<br />
subcostal cell is dark and there is a large spot at the<br />
wing tip. The species should be easy.to identify<br />
even in the field on account <strong>of</strong> the size and the<br />
wing-marks, and has probably not ~een overlooked<br />
on account <strong>of</strong>the size and the wing-marks.<br />
It should not easily be overlooked and therefore<br />
the assumption <strong>of</strong> Czerny (1930) that it is a rare<br />
species is probably correct.<br />
The female was netted on 16June 1991 byTJO<br />
near the Tune lake on a meadow with herbage and<br />
bushes.<br />
According to SODS (1984) N. prae.ustum is distributed<br />
in Europe north <strong>of</strong> the Mediterranean.<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
We are very grateful to Or. Hugo Andersson,<br />
Lund, Sweden, Dr. A. Albrechts, Helsingfors, Finland<br />
and Or. L. Lyneborg, Copenhagen, Denmark<br />
for information.<br />
Fauna non. Ser. B 39: Oslo 1992<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Neottiophilum praeustum (Meigen, 1826) som tith0rer<br />
f1uefamilien Neottiophilidae er her rapportert<br />
for f0rste gang fra Norge. En hunn ble. tatt i<br />
hov den 16 Juni 1991 nrer Tunevann, Tune 10stfold.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Czerny, L. 1930. 38 B. Neottiophilidae - I~:<br />
Lindner, E. (ed.) Die Fliegen der Palaearktlschen<br />
Region, 5 (1): 9-15.<br />
SODS, A. Catalogue <strong>of</strong>Palaearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>. 9. Micropezidae<br />
- Agromyzidae. Elsevier. Amsterdam<br />
- Oxford - New York - Tokyo, 460 pp.<br />
Received 10 Oct. 1991<br />
TRE COLEOPTERA NYE FOR NORGE<br />
FRODE 0DEGAARD<br />
Three Coleoptera species Leiodes hybrida (Erichson,<br />
1845) (Leiodidae), Baeocrarajaponica (Matthews,<br />
1884), (Ptiliidae) ~nd l!ypocaccus rugiceps<br />
(Duftschmid, 1805), (Hlstendae), are recorded<br />
for the first time in Norway. Remarks on ecology<br />
and distribution are given.<br />
Frode 0degaard, Rognerudvn. 18,2830 Raufoss.<br />
Leiodes hybrida (Erichson, 1845), (Leiodidae)<br />
Fire 55 og to ~~ av Leiodes hybrida (Erichson)<br />
ble funnet i AK, S0rum: S0rumsand, EIS: 29<br />
(Asak grustak), den 17. august 1988. Arten ble<br />
funnet under en noksA stor stein blant r0tter av<br />
tiriltunge (Lotus corniculatus L.) nede i grustaket.<br />
L0smassene var stort sett av sandfraksjon. Carabiden<br />
Bembidion nigricorne Gyllenhal, ble for<br />
0vrig funnet i nrerheten.<br />
L. hybrida er ellers kjent fra seks regioner s~r<br />
0st i Sverige (Lundberg 1986, 1988), og ~re reglOner<br />
S0r i Finland (Lindroth 1960). Lokahteten fra<br />
Norge representerer derfor det vestligste funn av<br />
arten i Skandinavia.<br />
Slekten Leiodes Latreille har 29 arter i Skandinavia<br />
hvorav 19 tidligere er kjent fra Norge<br />
(Silfverberg 1979, Bistr0m & Silfverberg 1983,<br />
1985 1988). Artene lever underjordisk av soppmycei<br />
(Hansen 1968) og er derfor vanskelige A<br />
finne ved konvensjonell innsamling. Artenes utbredelse<br />
er nok derfor ogsA dArlig kartlagt.<br />
L. hybrida er lett kjennelig pi de tverr-rissede<br />
dekkvingene, st0rrelsen (2,5-3,0 mm) og de karakteristiske<br />
hannlige genitaliene.<br />
Baeocrarajaponica (Matthews, 1884), (Ptiliidae)<br />
Fire eksemplarer av ptiliiden Baeocrarajaponica<br />
(Matthews) ble funnet i STI, R0ros: R0ros, EIS:<br />
89
81 den 5. august 1989. Arten ble saldet fram fra en<br />
blandingskompost, som stort sett besto av halm og<br />
10V. LokaJiteten Jigger i utkanten av en lavfuruskog<br />
(Cladonio-Pinetum) i nrerheten av kulturmark.<br />
F01gende ptiJiider ble fun net sammen med B.<br />
japonica: Achrotrichis rugulosa Rosskothen, A.<br />
sericans (Heer) A. thoracica (Walt1), A. volans<br />
(Motschulsky), A. cognata (Matthews), Ptenidium<br />
pussillum (Gyllenhal), Ptilium multissimum<br />
(Ljungh) og Ptiliolum sahlbergi (Flack). Ellers<br />
fantes ogsa staphylinidene Pseudomedon obscurella<br />
(Erichson), Medon apicalis (Kraatz) og<br />
scydmaeniden Eutheia scydmaenoides Stephens<br />
som alle tre er nye for STI.<br />
B. japonica ble funnet ny for Europa i Finland i<br />
1974 (Rutanen & Mouna 1977), og er senere ogsa<br />
tatt i Sverige (Kronblad & Lundberg 1978, Palm<br />
1979). Arten er beskrevet fra Japan og har hatt en<br />
rask og gatefull ekspansjon mot vest, i Jikhet med<br />
andre kompostarter som Lithocaris nigriceps<br />
(Kraatz) og Philonthus rectangulus Sharp (Palm<br />
1979). R0ros-Iokaliteten representerer saledes det<br />
vestJigste funn av arten til na.<br />
Palm (1979) beskriver B. japonica fra eldre og<br />
sterkt 10vinnblandete komposthauger der fuktigheten<br />
er bevart, noe som stemmer overens med<br />
R0ros-lokaJiteten.<br />
Slekten Baeocrara Thomson inneholder ellers<br />
bare en norsk art. B. japonica skilles fra denne bl.a.<br />
ved at den er mindre og smalere, og har anneriedes<br />
bygde genitaJier (Rutanen & Mouna 1977).<br />
Hypocaccus rugiceps (Duftschmid, 1805), (Histe<br />
ridae)<br />
Fire eksemplarer av Hypocaccus rugiceps (Duft<br />
schmid) ble funnet i VAY, Farsund: Lista, EIS: 1<br />
(Lomsesanden), den 6. juni 1990. Arten ble tatt<br />
krypende pa kvitdyne- og gradynepartiene av<br />
sanddynekompleksene pa 10kaJiteten.<br />
H. rugiceps ble funnet sammen med fl'llgende<br />
andre Coleoptera: Phylan gibbus (Fabricius),<br />
Crypticus guisguilius (L.), Aegialia arenaria (Fabricius),<br />
Otiorhynchus atroapterus (DeGeer) og<br />
Philopedon plagiatus (Schaller). Arten oppgis a<br />
leve av ekskrementer og atsel i nrerheten av vann<br />
pa sandige lokaliteter. (Freude, Harde & Lohse<br />
1971 ).<br />
H. rugiceps er nrermest kjent fra Danmark og<br />
S0r-Sverige (Lindroth 1960). Arten er lett kjenne<br />
Jig pa dekkvingenes to klare speilflekker, omgitt<br />
av tett rynket punktur.<br />
TAKK<br />
En stor takk til Mikael Sorensen som har kontrollbestemt<br />
min ptiliide-sam1ing, og til Oddvar Hanssen<br />
for kommentarer til manuskriptet.<br />
90<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Bistr0m, O. & Silfverberg, H. 1983. Additions and<br />
corrections to Enumeratio Coleopterorum<br />
Fennoscandiae et Daniae. Notulae Entomol.<br />
63: 1-9.<br />
Bistrom, O. & Silfverberg, H. 1985. Additions and<br />
corrections to Enumeratio Coleopterorum<br />
Fennoscandiae et Daniae. 2. Notulae Entomol.65:<br />
143-154.<br />
Bistrom, O. & Silfverberg" H. 1988. Additions<br />
and corrections to Enumeratio Coleopterorum<br />
Fennescandiae et Daniae. 3. Notulae Entomol.<br />
68: 49-60.<br />
Freude, H., Harde, K. W., Lohse, G. A. 1971. Die<br />
Kiifer Mitteleuropas. Band 3.<br />
Hanssen, V. 1968. Biller XXV. Adselbiller,<br />
stumpbiller mm. Danmarks fauna 77.<br />
Kronblad, W. og Lundberg, S. 1978. BilhAvingen<br />
intressant fangstmetod for skalbaggar och<br />
andre insekter. Ent. tidskr. 99: 115-118.<br />
Lindroth, C. H. (ed.) 1960. Catalogus Coleopterorum<br />
Fennoscandiae et Daniae. Entomologiska<br />
Siillskapet, Lund.<br />
Lundberg, S. 1986. Catalogus Coleopterurum<br />
Sueciae. Entomologiska Foreningen i Stockholm,<br />
Stockholm 155 pp.<br />
Lundberg, S. 1988. Catalogus Coleopterorum<br />
Sueciae 1986 -riittelser och tillegg. Ent. Tidskr.<br />
109: 81-85.<br />
Palm, T. 1979. Om skalbaggsfaunan i komposthoger<br />
yid Uppsala. Ent. Tidskr. 100: 33-36.<br />
Rutanen, I. & Mouna, J. 1977. Baeocrara japonica<br />
found in North Europe (Coleoptera, Ptiliidae).<br />
Notulae Entomol. 57: 95-96.<br />
Silfverberg, H. (red. Cur.) 1979. Enumeratio Coleopterotum<br />
Fennoscandiae et Daniae. Helsingfors<br />
Entomologiske BytesfOrening. Helsingfors.<br />
Received 14 May 1991<br />
MYCETOBIA GEMELLA MAMAEV, 1968<br />
FIRST RECORD OF MYCETOBIINAE IN<br />
NORWAY (DIPTERA: ANISOPODIDAE)<br />
GEIR E. E. SOLI<br />
Mycetobia gemella Mamaev, 1968 is recorded<br />
from SE Norway. The specimen, a male, was collected<br />
in a malaise trap operated in Akershus<br />
(AK): Nannestad, Nordmoen in the period 25<br />
June-24 July 1986. The Fennoscandian distribution<br />
<strong>of</strong> Mycetobia is commented on.<br />
S01i, G. E. E., Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, University <strong>of</strong><br />
Bergen, Museplass 3, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.<br />
The genus Mycetobia Meigen, 1818 is by most<br />
authors included in the family Anisopodidae. The<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: Oslo 1992<br />
f<br />
!
family has traditionally been divided into two subfamilies,<br />
Mycetobiinae and Anisopodinae, <strong>of</strong><br />
which Mycetobia belongs to the former. Mycetobiinae<br />
consists <strong>of</strong> two genera only; the other being<br />
the afrotropical genus Mecochria Enderlein,<br />
1910. Several authors have raised these subfamilies<br />
to family level (Mamaev & Krivosheina<br />
1988), but the systematics is still not satisfactory<br />
outlined (Peterson 1981).<br />
In the Holarctic, Mycetobia is represented by 7<br />
species in the Palaearctic region and 1 species in<br />
the Nearctic region (Peterson 1981; Mamaev &<br />
Krivosheina 1988). From our neighbouring countries<br />
(see Petersen 1971, Hackman 1980), the genus<br />
is represented by 3 species in Denmark (M.<br />
pallipes Meigen, 1818, M. obscura Mamaev, 1968<br />
and M. gemella Mamaev, 1968), 1 species in Finland<br />
(M. pallipes) and 2 species from Sweden (M.<br />
pallipes and M. obscura).<br />
Several <strong>Norwegian</strong> females <strong>of</strong> Mycetobia are<br />
kept in the Museum <strong>of</strong> Zoology, Bergen, both from<br />
Western and Southeastern Norway. Unfortunately,<br />
it has not been possible to identify any <strong>of</strong><br />
these specimens, as a reliable identification can<br />
only be made on characters in the male genitalia.<br />
Such keys are given by Mamaev (1968) and - for<br />
the Fennoscandian species - by Pedersen (1968,<br />
1971). However, in material collected from SE<br />
Norway in 1986, I found one male and four females.<br />
The specimen showed up to be M. gemella<br />
Mamaev, 1968, was previously only recorded<br />
from N. Sjrelland, Denmark, outside the European<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the U.S.S.R. The material was collected by<br />
means <strong>of</strong> malaise trap from Akershus (AK): Nannestad,<br />
Nordmoen (EIS: 17) in the period 25<br />
June-24 July 1986 (Leg. F. Midtgaard).<br />
It seems reasonable to suppose that more species<br />
<strong>of</strong> Mycetobia occur in Norway, among them M.<br />
pallipes, the most widespread and common species<br />
in Europe.<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT<br />
My cincere thanks to Fred Midtgaard for the opportunity<br />
to examine the material.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
En hann av vindusmyggen MycelObia gemella<br />
Mamaev, 1968 ble funnet i materiale samlet inn<br />
fra Akersh us i 1986. Funne' er det f0rste av underfamilien<br />
Mycetobiinae i Norge. Individet ble tatt i<br />
malaisefelle i perioden 25.06.-24.07.1986. Ialt 3<br />
arter av slekten MycelObia er kjent fra Fennoskandia.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Hackman, W. 1980. A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Finnish<br />
<strong>Diptera</strong>. I. Nematocera and Brachycera (s.str.).<br />
Notulae Enl. 60: 17-48.<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: OSlo 1992<br />
Mamaev, B. M. 1969.23. Mycetobiidae, p. 265 in:<br />
Bei-Bienko, G. Ya. (ed.) Keys for the determination<br />
<strong>of</strong>Insects <strong>of</strong>European U.S.S.R. 5 (1) (in<br />
Russian). Leningrad.<br />
Mamaev, B. M. & N. P. Krivosheina 1988. Family<br />
Mycetobidae. Pp. 218-219 in: S06s & Papp<br />
(eds.) Catalogue<strong>of</strong>Palaearctic <strong>Diptera</strong>. Vol. 3:<br />
Ceratopogonidae-Mycetophilidae. Akademia<br />
Kiado. Budapest. 448 pp.<br />
Pedersen, B. V. 1968. Studies on the Danish Anisopodidae.<br />
Ent. Meddr 36: 225-231.<br />
Pedersen, B. V. 1971. Studier over slregten Mycetobia<br />
Meig. i Skandinavien. Med angivelse av<br />
to for omn\det nye arter (Dipt., Mycetobiidae).<br />
Ent. Meddr 39: 63-67.<br />
Peterson, B. V. 1981. Anisopodidae, pp. 305<br />
312 in: McAlpine et al. (Eds.) Manual <strong>of</strong>Neartic<br />
<strong>Diptera</strong> Vo/. 1. - Research Branch Agriculture<br />
Canada. Monograph No. 27. Ottawa. Ontario.<br />
674 pp.<br />
S0li, G. E. E. 1992. <strong>Norwegian</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>; Anisopodidae). Fauna norv.<br />
Ser. B 39: 000-000.<br />
Received 20 May 1991.<br />
MAURBILLEN OPILO DOMESTICUS<br />
STURM (COL., CLERIDAE) FUNNET<br />
I NORGE<br />
KARL ERIK ZACHARIASSEN<br />
The Clerid beetle Opilo domesticus Sturm is reported<br />
found in Norway for the first time. Remains <strong>of</strong><br />
an adult specimen were found in burrows <strong>of</strong> the<br />
House longhorn Hylotrupes bajulus L. in the wall<br />
<strong>of</strong>a boat house at Kammerfoss, Krager0, on the 14<br />
June 1970.<br />
Karl Erik Zachariassen, Zoologisk institutt, Universitetet<br />
i Trondheim, AVH, 7055 Dragvoll,<br />
Norway.<br />
Maurbillene av slekten Opilo er knyttet til gangene<br />
av trelevende insekter, srerlig borebiller og<br />
trebukker. Opilo mollis L., som er funnet en rekke<br />
steder i det sydlige Norge (Lindroth 1960) holder<br />
til i t0rre 10vtrestammer, der den lever av insektlarver<br />
(Hansen & Larsson 1938). Den nrerstaende<br />
Opilo domesticus Sturm lever i planker og trevirke<br />
i hus, der den er oppgiitt av a leve av blant annet<br />
larvene til husbukken Hylotrupes bajulus L.<br />
(Harde 1984). O. domesticus er funnet i Danmark<br />
og Syd-Sverige (Lindroth 1960), men regnes som<br />
noksa sjelden (Hansen & Larsson 1938).<br />
14.6.1970 fant forfatteren restene etter en<br />
imago av Opilo sp. i en larvegang etter husbukk i et<br />
bAtnaust ved Kammerfoss ved Krager0. Restene<br />
91
omfattet bl.a. en uskadet dekkvinge. Pa grunnlag<br />
av dekkvingenes lange punktstriper, som nar nesten<br />
helt til dekkvinge-spissen, er dyret bestemt til a<br />
Vlere O. domesticus. De preparerte restene befinner<br />
seg i forfatterens samling.<br />
Imago av O. domesticus er oppgitt a Vlere nattaktiv<br />
(Hansen & Larsson 1938) og lever et skjult<br />
liv. Dette er trolig bakgrunnen for at en sa stor og<br />
i0yenfallende art har unngatt samlernes oppmerksomhet.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Hansen, V. & Larsson, SV.G. 1938. B/Bdvinger,<br />
Klannare m.m. Danmarks Fauna 44, biller X:<br />
G. E. C. Gads Forlag. K0benhavn. 320 pp.<br />
Harde, K. W. 1984. A Field Guide in Colour to<br />
Beetle. Octopus Books Limited. London. 334<br />
pp.<br />
Lindroth, C. H. (ed.) 1960. Catalogus Coleopterorum<br />
Fennoscandie et Daniae Entomologiska<br />
SiHlskapet, Lund.<br />
Received 10 July 1991<br />
Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) and different deciduous<br />
trees (e.g. Populus tremula, Fagus sylvatica,<br />
Betula spp., Quercus spp., Ulmus glabra, Fraxinus<br />
excelsior). The two species <strong>of</strong>food-plants mentioned<br />
by Skou (1984) (i.e. Rubus idaeus and R.<br />
fruticosus), are both present in the area. The larva<br />
may be found from July to October, while the<br />
winter is spent as pupa between leaves spun together<br />
(Skou 1984).<br />
Svensson et al. (1987) report H. pyritoides from<br />
nine Swedish regions, northernmost Bohusliin<br />
(Bo) in the west and Uppland (Up) in the east. In<br />
Denmark it is recorded in all regions (Schnack<br />
1985). Furthermore, records are present from Finland,<br />
the Baltic countries, Poland, Germany, the<br />
Netherlands and the British isles (Skou 1984).<br />
From Western Europe and the Mediterranean the<br />
distribution reaches eastwards through Armenia,<br />
Ural and Amur, to Japan and Korea (Skou 1984).<br />
H. pyritoides has been expected for a long time<br />
in Norway, so it is not remarkable that the species<br />
now is found in Halden, not far from the northwestern<br />
Swedish records (i.e. Bohusliin). The facts<br />
that the captured moth was newly hatched and<br />
that H. pyritoides is not known to migrate, may<br />
indicate that the species is resident in the area.<br />
HA BROSYNE PYRITOIDES (HUFNAGEL,<br />
lli6) (LEP., DREPANIDAE) NEW<br />
TO NORWAY<br />
PER TANGEN & LARS OVE HANSEN<br />
Habrosyne pyritoides (Hufnagel, 1766) is reported<br />
new to Norway. One specimen was captured at<br />
a light-trap in Halden, 0stfold (0),20 July 1991<br />
(EIS 20). The light-trap was situated in a mixed<br />
forest with deciduous trees and Scots pine. Remarks<br />
on ecology and distribution are given.<br />
Per Tangen, N-9676 Gunnarnes, Norway. Lars<br />
Ove Hansen, <strong>Norwegian</strong> Forest Research Institute,<br />
H0gskoleveien 12, N1432 As, Norway.<br />
During light-trap catches at Fredriksten Festning,<br />
Halden, 0stfold (0, EIS 20),20 July 1991, one<br />
specimen <strong>of</strong> Habrosyne pyritoides was captured<br />
(Leg.: Per Tangen). This species has not previously<br />
been reported from Norway. The moth was<br />
resting beside the light-trap, but had obviously<br />
been attracted to the light. Including the recently<br />
recorded Drepana cultraria (Fabricius, 1775)<br />
(Hansen & DahI1991), the number <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
species <strong>of</strong> Drepanidae is now 15. Among the Fennoscandian<br />
and Danish species <strong>of</strong> this family, only<br />
Drapana binariia (Hufnagel, 1767) is still not reported<br />
from Norway.<br />
The trap was operated in a forest mixed with<br />
92<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
Thanks are due to 0istein Berg for comments to<br />
the manuscript.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Habrosyne pyritoides (Hufnagel, 1766) er rapportert<br />
ny for Norge. Ett eksemplar ble fanget ved<br />
Iysfelle-fangst i Halden, 0stfold (0), 20 July 1991<br />
(EIS 20). Lysfella var piassert i blandingsskog<br />
med forskjellige 10vtrler og furu. Anmerkninger<br />
om 0kologi og utbredelse er gitt.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Hansen, L. O. & Dahl, A. 1991. Drepana cultraria<br />
(Fabricius, 1775) (Lep., Drapanidae) a new<br />
and probably threatened Hook-tip in Norway.<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B. 38: 89.<br />
Schnack, K. 1985. Catalogue <strong>of</strong> the Lepidoptera<br />
<strong>of</strong> Denmark. Ent. Meddl. 52(2/3). Copenhagen.<br />
163 pp.<br />
Skou, P. 1984. Nordens Malere. Danmarks Dyreliv<br />
Bind 2. Copenhagen. 332 pp.<br />
Svensson, I." Elmquist, H., Gustafsson, B. (Ed.),<br />
Hellberg, H., Imby, L. & Palmqvist, G. 1987.<br />
Kod<strong>list</strong>a Ll. Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae.<br />
Stockholm.<br />
Received 3 Febr. 1992<br />
Fauna nor•. Ser. B 39: Oslo 1992<br />
r
THE MOTH FLY SYCORAX SILACEA<br />
HALIDAY INCURTIS, 1839 (DIPT.,<br />
PSYCHODIDAE: SYCORACINAE) TAKEN<br />
IN WEST NORWAY<br />
TROND ANDERSEN<br />
A species <strong>of</strong> the moth fly subfamily Sycoracinae is<br />
recorded for the first time in Norway. Ten males<br />
and one female <strong>of</strong> Sycorax si/acea Haliday in Curtis,<br />
1839 were netted on the island Anuglo in the<br />
outer part <strong>of</strong> the Hardanger fjord in West Norway<br />
in early June 1990.<br />
Trond Andersen, Zoological Museum, University<br />
<strong>of</strong> Bergen, Musepl. 3, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.<br />
The subfamily Sycoracinae <strong>of</strong> the Psychodidae<br />
occur in all faunal regions except the Nearctic. In<br />
Europe the subfamily is represented with only 8<br />
species, all belonging to the genus Sycorax (Wagner<br />
1990). On the British Isles two species are<br />
recorded, the present one and S. similis (Muller,<br />
1927), which is taken in Norfolk (Withers 1989).<br />
From Jutland in Denmark one other species, S.<br />
feuerborni Jung, 1954, is recorded in addition to<br />
the present one (Nielsen 1964).<br />
Adult Sycorax are very small, with wing lengths<br />
between 1.5-2 mm. The wings are somewhat<br />
rounded and held horizontally over the abdomen.<br />
They can be separated from Psychodinae by lacking<br />
eye bridge and the characteristic wing venation<br />
(see e.g. Withers 1989). The females <strong>of</strong> several<br />
species appear to be bloodsuckers, primarily<br />
on amphibia (Desportes 1942). The larvae are<br />
aselliform and live on wet stones or in moss near<br />
cascades, springs and trickles (Jung 1958).<br />
Sycorax si/acea Haliday in Curtis, 1839 was<br />
netted on the island Anuglo in the outer part <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Hardanger fjord in West Norway. HOY, Tysnes:<br />
Anugl0 (UTM: 32VLM171480) 7 June 1990, 10<br />
(;(; 1
In 1983 one female <strong>of</strong> Triaenodes unammlS<br />
McLachlan, 1877 was taken in a light trap on the<br />
Eidanger peninsula near Porsgrunn (TEY, Porsgrunn:<br />
Gravastranda, UTM: 32VNL371500, EIS:<br />
18, 11-16 Aug. 1983). The next year a second<br />
female was trapped in a light trap near Nevlunghavn<br />
in Vestfold (VE, Brunlanes: Nevlunghavn,<br />
UTM: 32VNL506378, EIS; 19, 6 Aug. 1984).<br />
Both localities were situated within lOO m <strong>of</strong> the<br />
sea shore. The only freshwater near the trapping<br />
sites were small, mostly slow flowing streams with<br />
sandy bottoms.<br />
T. unanimis has a northern Palaearctic distribution<br />
including Korea and Japan; T. yamamotoi<br />
Tsuda, 1942 from Japan was recently placed in<br />
synonymy with T. unanimis by Kumanski (1991).<br />
In Europe the species has been taken in the northeastern<br />
parts, including northeastern Germany<br />
and the Balticum (Botosaneanu & Malicky 1978).<br />
In Sweden the species is recorded from Dalarna,<br />
Medelpad, Angermanland and Norrbotten (Gullefors<br />
1988). In Finland it is more widely distributed<br />
(Nyborn 1960).<br />
According to Botosaneanu & Malicky (1978)<br />
the species inhabits streams, small rivers and standing<br />
water. In northern Finland it has been recorded<br />
from a «very acid Sphagnum - swamp» (Tjeder<br />
1937). In southern Finland it is common both<br />
in lakes and in ponds rich in humus (P. K. Bagge in<br />
lit.). The present specimens were both taken near<br />
small, slow flowing streams.<br />
SAMMENDRAG<br />
Trienodes unanimis McLachlan, 1877 er ikke tidligere<br />
rapportert fra Norge. 11983 ble en hunn tatt<br />
i Iysfelle pa Eidangerhalv0ya i Ytre Telemark.<br />
Aret etter ble ytterligere en hunn tatt i Iysfelle ved<br />
Nevlunghavn i Vestfold. Begge fellene var plassert<br />
filer kysten og pa begge lokaliteter rant det sma,<br />
sakteflytende bekker.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Botosaneanu, L. & Malicky, H. 1978. Trichoptera,<br />
pp. 333-359 in: Hlies, J. (Ed.) Limn<strong>of</strong>auna<br />
Europaea, 2nd edition. G. Fischer Verlag,<br />
Stuttgart, New York; Swets & Zeitlinger,<br />
Lisse.<br />
Gullefors, B. 1988. Forteckning over Sveriges<br />
nattsliindor (Trichoptera), med fyndangivelser<br />
fOr de nordliga landskapen. Ent. Tidskr. 109:<br />
71-80.<br />
Kumanski, K. 1991. Studies on the fauna <strong>of</strong> Trichoptera<br />
(Insecta) <strong>of</strong> Korea. 11. Family Leptoceridae.<br />
Hist. nat. bulg. 3: 49-71.<br />
Nybom, O. 1960. List <strong>of</strong> Finnish Trishoptera.<br />
Faunafenn. 6: I-56.<br />
Tjeder, B. 1937. The male genitalia <strong>of</strong> Triaenodes<br />
unanimis McLachl. (Tri.choptera, Leptoceridae).<br />
Notul. ent. 17: 137-138.<br />
Received 18 March 1992<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
We are indebted to Pr<strong>of</strong>. Pauli K. Bagge, University<br />
<strong>of</strong> JyviiskyUi, for the gift <strong>of</strong> specimens from<br />
Finland.<br />
I<br />
94<br />
Fauna nor•. Ser. B 39: Oslo 1992
)<br />
( Book reviews borte underveis. Et eksempel pa slike glemte tra<br />
Tre b0ker om sommerfugler<br />
EMMET, A. M. 1991 The Scientific Names <strong>of</strong> the<br />
British Lepidoptera. Harley Books, England. 288<br />
pp. Innbundet £49.95, heftet £24.95.<br />
EMMET, A. M. & Heath, J. 1991. The Moths and<br />
Butterflies <strong>of</strong> Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 7,<br />
part 2 (Lasiocampidae to Thyatiridae) Harley<br />
Books, England. 398 pp. Innbundet £55.00 (heftet<br />
utgave bruker a komme noe senere til ca halv pris)<br />
SKOU, PEDER. Nordens Ugler. Danmarks Dyreliv<br />
Bind 5. Appolo Books, Stenstrup, 566 pp. Innbundet<br />
DKK 600,00 ink. porta fra forlaget med<br />
adresse Kirkeby Sand 19, DK-5771 Stenstrup<br />
Danmark.<br />
Alle entomologer bruker Linnes to hundre ar<br />
gamle kodeks for a entydig beskrive en art: det<br />
binominale system. Men stadig frerre har noe annet<br />
enn en overfladisk kjennskap til de latinske<br />
eller latiniserte navn vi benytter til daglig. At norvegicus<br />
betyr at arten forbindes med Norge eller<br />
vulgata at navngiveren mente at den svrert vanlig,<br />
er innlysende for de fleste. Man hva artsnavn flest<br />
betyr, forblir gjerne en gate selv for spesia<strong>list</strong>er pa<br />
den aktuelle gruppen. Av norske taksonomiske<br />
b0ker kjenner jeg bare to som innholder en oversikt<br />
over betydningen til vitenskapelige navn og<br />
det er «Lids Flora» i ulike utgaver og Haftorns<br />
«Norges Fugler».<br />
Sommerfuglsamlere og entomologer i England<br />
har hatt flere b0ker med forklaringer pa artsnavn.<br />
Siden 1959 har vi kunnet sla opp i R. D. Macleod<br />
«Key to the Names <strong>of</strong> British Butterflies and<br />
Moths.»<br />
Den na utgitte «The Scientific Names <strong>of</strong> the<br />
British Lepidoptera - Their History and meaning»<br />
av A. Maitland Emmet er en omfattende revisjon<br />
og videref0ring av kunnskapen pa dette<br />
omradet.<br />
Emmets bok som har mer enn tre ganger sa<br />
mange sider som Macleod, er delt i to hovedavsnitt;<br />
en historie om den vitenskapelige navngiving<br />
for sommerfugler og en systematisk gjennomgang<br />
av alle navn pA britiske Lepidoptera.<br />
I den historiske delen behandles tidligere litteratur<br />
om navneforklaringer, navnbruken f0r<br />
Linne, Linne og hans artsnavn, videref0ring av<br />
Linnes navnetradisjon for arter, slektsnavn og<br />
navnbruken over slektsnivaet. Et kort avsnitt omhandler<br />
problemet med forandring av vitenskapelige<br />
navn. Denne delen av boken anbefales til fullstendig<br />
gjennomlesning, ogsa for entomologer<br />
som arbeider med andre grupper enn sommerfugler.<br />
Emmet gjengir pa en grundig og overbevisende<br />
mAte historien om hvordan de binominale navn<br />
kom i bruk og hvordan de nrermeste arvtakere<br />
innen faget brakte det meste av Linnes ideer vi<br />
dere, men ogsA hvordan noen av intensjonene ble<br />
disjoner er en praksis med «greske» slektsnavn og<br />
latinske artsnavn, hvor slekts og artsnavnet for<br />
minst en art i slekten kunne bety det samme.<br />
Emmet har tilbrakt mange timer i universitetsbibliotek<br />
for a analysere originalbeskrivelser og<br />
s0ke etter forfatternes mening med de slekts- og<br />
artsnavn de har gitt. At det ikke alltid har vrert lett,<br />
vises ved to <strong>list</strong>er i boken. Den ene <strong>list</strong>en inneholder<br />
ca 35 navn som Emmet ikke har klart a finne<br />
meningen med. Den andre <strong>list</strong>en inneholder over<br />
300 navn som Emmet mener er feil forklart av<br />
Macleod!<br />
At det ligger mange ulike tanker bak artsnavn<br />
som i dag kun assosieres med sommerfuglene som<br />
brerer dem, kan illustreres ved et tilfeldig eksempe\.<br />
Nattflyene som vi pa norsk kaller ordensband<br />
I er samlet i slekten Catocala som if01ge Emmet er<br />
fra gresk og betyr «kato; under» og «kalos; vakkep>,<br />
altsa «vakre undervinger».<br />
Catocala nupta betyr nupta «brud». Dette far<br />
Emmet til a undres pa om brudene i Sverige pa<br />
attenhundretallet brukte sterkt fargete underskj0rt.<br />
Linne og etterf01gende taksonomer har i<br />
hvertfall fulgt opp med de andre artsnavnene i<br />
denne slekten: C. electa «den forlovede», C. eloctata<br />
«den prostituerte» C. promissa «den utlovede»,<br />
C. sponsa «forloved eller brud» og C.<br />
nymphagoga «den som ledsager bruden». C. fraxini<br />
er, som en kjedelig motsetning, gitt navn etter<br />
asketreet som Linne feilaktig antok a vrere forplanten<br />
for larvene.<br />
Boken anbefales for alle lepidopterologer, de<br />
fleste andre entomologer og ogsa en del andre<br />
biologer.<br />
Maitland Emmet er na ogsa redakt0r for arhundres<br />
store britiske sommerfuglverk: «The<br />
Moths and Butterflies <strong>of</strong> Great Britain and ireland».<br />
De f0rste plansjene til dette verket fikkjeg<br />
se hos John Heath i Monks Wood for nesten tjue ar<br />
siden. Na er Heath d0d og Maitland Emmet stAr<br />
som hovedredakt0r for det foreliggende volum 7,<br />
del2. Fra f0r foreligger volum 1,2,7 dell, 9 og 10,<br />
altsa ca halve serien. Resten av dette arhundret vii<br />
sannsynligvis vrere gatt f0r serien blir avsluttet.<br />
Volum 7 skulle etter planen vrere et bind som<br />
dekket dagsommerfuglene og noen smAfamilier. I<br />
f01ge redakt0rene ble dagsommerfugldelen sa omfattende<br />
at en deling i to bind var n0dvendig. Del2<br />
dekker na Born bycoidea og de to f0rste familiene i<br />
Geometroidea, Drepanidae og Thyatiridae. De<br />
britiske artene i disse gruppene teller rundt tretti<br />
arter som er gjengitt pa fire fargetavler utf0rt av<br />
Richard Lewington. De fleste artene finnes ogsa i<br />
Norge.<br />
Den delen er vakker og grundig gjennomf0rt,<br />
men i grunnen med litt for fa arter til a lage et eget<br />
bind. Det har redakt0rene nok ogsa ment. I tillegg<br />
til den vanlige temadelen som kommer f0rst i hvert<br />
bind, har de i dette bindet lagt inn en 240 siders<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: Oslo 1992<br />
95
oversikt av Maitland Emmet som gir detaljerte<br />
opplysninger i tabellform for alle 2496 britiske<br />
arter av Lepidoptera. Tabellen inneholder vitenskapelig<br />
og engelsk trivial-navn, livshistorie med<br />
aktuelt stadium for arten i alle tolv maneder, britiske<br />
status, habitat (12 hovedtyper), utbredelse,<br />
flyvetid, forplante og andre bemerkninger. Tabellen<br />
er i virkeligheten en database som burde kunne<br />
nyttes ogsa tit a teste ulike problemstillinger i teoretisk<br />
0kologi.<br />
Bindet innledes for0vrig av to tema-artikler, en<br />
nyttig men noksa t0rr artikkel av M. J. Scobel om<br />
klassifikasjon av Lepidoptera og en kort, men instruktiv<br />
artikkel med 64 sma fargebitder om hvilestillinger<br />
hos sommerfugler. Denne artikkelen er<br />
skrevet av M. W. F. Tweedie og - ja nettopp<br />
A. Maitland Emmet. Alt i alt et omfattende bind,<br />
men kanskje litt ca fargeplansjer til denne prisen.<br />
Bindet vii bli kj0pt av de som 0nsker hele serien og<br />
noen som vii bare vii ha data-tabellen.<br />
«Nordens Ugler» er nattflybindet i serien<br />
«Danmarks Dyreliv», tidligere utgitt pa forlaget<br />
Fauna B0ger i K0benhavn, na overtatt av Peder<br />
Skous forlag «Apollo Books». Tidligere har Skou<br />
utgitt «Nordens MaIere» (1984) og Eivind Palm<br />
star for to smasommerfugUamilier i bindene<br />
«Nordeuropas Pyralider» (1986) og «Nordeuropas<br />
Prydvinger» (1989). Tilsammen gir dette en<br />
nordisk sommerfuglserie som faunistisk ikke star<br />
titbake for den tidligere anmeldte britiske serie. La<br />
oss Mpe at resten av ordenen ogsa blir dekket i<br />
fremtiden.<br />
Nattflybindet f0lger i store trekk malerbindet.<br />
Artenes utbredelse er na gitt pa kart i stedet for<br />
tabell som for malerne. Kartene er imidlertid ikke<br />
vanlige prikk-kart, men skjematiske kart med en<br />
prikk for hvert faunaomrade. Dette fungere bra<br />
for de fleste omradene, men noen av de norske<br />
faunaomradene (f.eks. S0r-Tr0ndelag indre) er litt<br />
for heterogene til slik fremstilling. Men ellers er<br />
kartene en kja:rkommen oppdattering av et tretti<br />
ar gammel kartverk. Kartene inneholder de fleste<br />
nyere nordgrenser i Norge og ogsa en ny art for<br />
Norge; Cerastis /eucographa fra Opd0lstranda i<br />
Sunndalen hvor Sigurd Bakke og Oddvar Hanssen<br />
fanget et stort antall individer i en Iysfelle i en<br />
s0rvendt bratt li i 1988. Funnet er ikke publisert<br />
f0r, og den korte teksten i boken gir ingen kreditt<br />
til samlerne.<br />
Vitenskapelige navn pa sommerfugler er stadig<br />
gjenstand for revisjoner og hver ny generasjon av<br />
samlere ma omskoleres en eller flere ganger tit hva<br />
som er god latin. I denne boken legger en sa:rlig<br />
merke tit endringer innenfor vare fjell- og nordarter.<br />
Det «kjernenorske» dovrenattflyet dovrensis<br />
i slekten Lasiestra er redusert tit en underart av<br />
den sirkumpola:re Lasionycta /eucocyc/a. Ukeledes<br />
er kongsvo/densis forlengst blitt en underart,<br />
na sist til arten Xestia /orezi. Videre er Polia bohemanni<br />
blitt tit Anartomina sedescens. Slektene<br />
Polia og Xestia fremstar na som oversiktlige grupperinger<br />
av mange nordlige arter.<br />
Fargetavlene er fotografert av David Wilson og<br />
er utmerket i klarhet og farger. Danske dyr er<br />
brukt sa fremt at arten er vanlig i Danmark. De ca<br />
norske eksemplarene er fjellarter. For a belyse den<br />
geografiske variasjon skulle jeg 0nske at noen flere<br />
av de avbildete dyrene var fra nordlige deler av<br />
Norden. Men dette er bare en liten innvending,<br />
Peder Skou gir gjennom artsomtalen som er delt i<br />
avsnitt om kjennetegn, utbredelse levested, flygetid<br />
og biologi en utmerket oversikt over artene i<br />
Norden. «Norden Ugler» er en bok som er verdt<br />
hver krone den koster og ikke bare en verdig erstatning<br />
for H<strong>of</strong>fmeyers bok om de danske «ugler»<br />
men ogsa en nyskapning pa det nordiske omradet.<br />
Vi ma hape at Skou na gar 10S pa «Nordens spinnere<br />
og svermere».<br />
Kaare Aagaard<br />
96
...<br />
GUIDE TO AUTHORS<br />
Nomenclature. The first time a binomen is used in<br />
FAUNA NORVEGICA Ser. B publishes papers in the text the name <strong>of</strong> its author shoul be included.<br />
English, occoasionally in <strong>Norwegian</strong>, with an ex Author names should be written in full, except. L.<br />
tensive English abstract. An extensive abstract in for Linneaus. Dates can be included when consi<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> is also required, after acknowledge dered necessary, i.e. Rhyacophila nubila (Zetterments,<br />
when the paper is written in English. When stedt, 1840).<br />
preparing manuscripts for submission, authors<br />
should consult current copies <strong>of</strong> Fauna norvegica<br />
and follow its style as closely as possible. Manu References. In the text: Black (] 979), Black & Blue<br />
script not conferring to the guide to authors will be (] 973: I00), or «as noted by Green (] 978) and Black<br />
returned for revision.<br />
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Manuscripts should be submitted to the Editor 1979, Black 1978).<br />
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author's name. 2) An abstract, with the name and A =Ae, 0 and 6 =De). Titles <strong>of</strong> journals should be<br />
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Underline all generic and species names. Approximate<br />
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should be indicated in the margin. All Acknow Journal:<br />
ledgements should be given under a single heading L0ken, A. 1962. Social wasps in Norway (Hymenop<br />
in the end <strong>of</strong> the text, immediately before the tera, Vespidae). <strong>Norsk</strong> ent. Tidsskr. 12: 191<br />
references.<br />
218.<br />
Book:<br />
Figures and Tables. Send two copies. All illustra Mayr, E. 1913. Animal species and evolution. Hartions<br />
should be identified lightly with the author's yard University Press. Cambridge, Mass.<br />
name and the figure number.<br />
Fittkau. KJ. 1962. Die Tanypodinae (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Chiro<br />
The placing <strong>of</strong>figures and tables should be indi nomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelocated<br />
in the margin. If the article is in <strong>Norwegian</strong>, poni und Pentaneurini. Abh. Larvalsyst. Insekten<br />
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Take care that all text in the figures is large Whitman, I. 1951. The arthopod vectors <strong>of</strong> yellow<br />
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elsene som suir Oppf0rt i Abstract til hver artikkel og<br />
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that are given in the abstract <strong>of</strong> individual papers.<br />
For at heftene skal komme inn under Postverkets<br />
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heftene i de tre seriene av Fauna norvegica i hvert<br />
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respektive nummer pi grunn av uregelmessigheter<br />
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Referansemessig skal vi aldri ta hensyn tU nummeret<br />
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Del vi skal ta hensyn til er de oppgitte data for de<br />
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Content<br />
Fauna norv. Ser. B 39 (2) 1992<br />
S01i, G. E. E.: <strong>Norwegian</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Sylvicola Harris, 1776 (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Anisopodidae) 49<br />
Aarvik, L.: Contribution to the knowledge <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Norwegian</strong> Lepidoptera IV. The <strong>Norwegian</strong><br />
species <strong>of</strong> Pammene HUbner (Tortricidae)<br />
SS<br />
Foster. G. N.: Some aquatic Coleoptera from Inner Hordaland, Norway 63<br />
Greve, L. & Midtgaard. F.: Sciomyzidae (<strong>Diptera</strong>) from the island Ost0ya in the<br />
Osl<strong>of</strong>jord 69<br />
Jonassen, T.: Further Empidoidea (Dip\.) new to the <strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna 73<br />
H<strong>of</strong>svang. T.: A <strong>check</strong> <strong>list</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Norwegian</strong> <strong>Tipulidae</strong> (<strong>Diptera</strong>) 77<br />
Bachli, G. & Thunes, K. H.: Leucophenga quinquemaculata Strobl (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Drosophilidae)<br />
from Norway 81<br />
0kland, B. & S01i. G.: The genus Keroplatus Bosc, 1792 an interesting addition to the<br />
<strong>Norwegian</strong> fauna (<strong>Diptera</strong>: Keroplatidae) 85<br />
Short communications<br />
Grtve, L. & Olsen, T. J.: Neottiophilum praeustum (Meigen, 1826) (<strong>Diptera</strong>, Neottiophilidae)<br />
new to Norway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89<br />
0degaard, F.: Tre Coleoptera nye for Norge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89<br />
S01i, G. E. E.: Mycetobia gemella Mamaev, 1968 first record <strong>of</strong> Mycetobiinae in Norway<br />
(<strong>Diptera</strong>. Nematocera. Aniisopodidae) 90<br />
Zachariassen. K. E.: Maurbillen Opilo domesticus Sturm (Col., Cleridae) funnet i Norge 91<br />
Tangen, P. & Hansen, L. 0.: Habrosyne pyritoides (Hufnagel, 1866) (Lep., Drepanidae)<br />
new to Norway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92<br />
Andersen, T.: The moth fly Sycorax silacea Haliday in Curtis, 1839 (Dip\. Psychodidae:<br />
Sycoracinae) taken in West Norway 93<br />
Andersen, T. & S01i, G. E. E.: Triaenodes unanimis McLachlan, 1877 (Trich., Leptoceridae),<br />
a new caddis fly for Norway 93<br />
Book reviews<br />
Tre b0ker om sommerfugler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95