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Corispermum ulopterum-A: fruit; B: cross section in the medium part of fruit; C: pericarp surface.Scale bars: A = 1 mm, B = 50 µm, C = 100 µm; abbreviations: pc = pigment cell, others see caption of Fig. 1.
Source publication
Data on comparative carpology of the species of Corispermum are presented. Their fruits are monomorphic and characterised by similar structural peculiarities. A combination of carpological features is shown to be important in the taxonomy and systematics of Corispermum species. 13 groups of species are distinguished based on fruit shape and dimensi...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... cell detachments are optional in the majority of species. They can be visualized as whitish warts at the fruit surface. Only in C. ulopterum the detachments of the outermost pericarp layer at cross sections (including the wing area) appeared to be obligatory. Large and undulate, they give the fruit a "crumpled paper" look at the large-scale view (Fig. ...
Citations
... However, there are some distinctions between these characters in Baolia and Corispermoideae. For instance, in Corispermoideae, the supporting tissue in the pericarp is typically represented by bers (brachysclereids are absent), and the presence of monocrystals in the pericarp has not been detected [18,33]. ...
... S10), are common features found in nearly all members of the Chenopodiaceae. Among the micromorphological characters, carpological traits in Chenopodiaceae have been studied in great detail, revealing their taxonomic, evolutionary, and ecological implications[9,11,[33][34][35][36][37][38]. The following fruit and seed characters appear to unite Baolia and Corispermoideae: (1) multilayered pericarp with supporting tissue (character state 9:1) (Additional le 2:Fig. ...
... The morphoanatomical data for Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys and Corispermum (Corispermoideae) were obtained from previous detailed studies [33,62]. Carpological features of Baolia and Acroglochin were examined by preparing cross-sections using a Microm HM 355S rotary microtome (Thermo Fisher Scienti c, USA). ...
Background
Baolia H.W.Kung & G.L.Chu is a monotypic genus only known in Diebu County, Gansu Province, China. Its systematic position is contradictory, and its morphoanatomical characters deviate from all other Chenopodiaceae. We therefore sequenced and compared the chloroplast genomes of this species, and resolved its phylogenetic position based on both chloroplast genomes and marker sequences.
Results
We sequenced 18 chloroplast genomes of 16 samples from two populations of Baolia bracteata and two Corispermumspecies. These genomes of Baoliaranged in size from 152,499 to 152,508 bp. We also identified between 85 and 87 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the chloroplast genomes of B. bracteata. These SSRs were primarily located in the LSC region, and most of them consisted of single-nucleotide A/T repeat sequences. Notably, there were differences in the types and numbers of SSRs between the two populations of B. bracteata. Our phylogenetic analysis, based on both complete chloroplast genomes from 33 species and a combination of three markers (ITS, rbcL, and matK) from 91 species, revealed that Baolia and Corispermoideae (Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys, and Corispermum) form a well-supported clade. This clade was found to be a sister group to Acroglochin. According to our molecular dating results, a major divergence event between Acroglochin, Baolia, and Corispermeae occurred during the Middle Eocene, approximately 46.29–42.12 mya.
Conclusions
Comparing the chloroplast genomes of B. bracteata with those of eleven typical Chenopodioideae and Corispermoideae species, we observed a high overall similarity and a one notable case of inversion of approximately 6,000 bp of DNA segments. We suggest that Corispermoideae should be considered in a broader sense, it includes Corispermeae (core Corispermoideae: Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys, and Corispermum), as well as two new monotypic tribes, Acroglochineae (Acroglochin) and Baolieae (Baolia). In this new circumscription, these three tribes are distantly related morphologically, but Baolieae and Corispermeae do share certain carpological traits.
... Corispermum is taxonomically one of the most problematic genera of the Chenopodiaceae (Sukhorukov 2007), and its origin is a conundrum: its native range is South Siberia, although the subspecies C. pallasii subsp. membranaceum is considered native to Eastern and Central Europe (POWO), and C. gallicum is considered native to France (Tison et al 2014(Tison et al , 1203. ...
Fruits, seeds, leaves and underground storage organs were all consumed by human groups during the Palaeolithic. These plant foodstuffs provided humans with minerals, vitamins and nutrients essential for optimal health. In this sense, fire control was a crucial human achievement since cooking allowed the physical and chemical modification of these elements by eliminating toxins, enhancing the digestion of foodstuffs and increasing their energy value. The use of fire during plant processing increases the potential preservation of archaeobotanical remains, as well. Based on the preserved plant elements and their characteristics, the chaîne opératoire of plant consumption can be reconstructed.
In this chapter we focus on the gathering and processing of fruits and seeds of three
plant species during the Palaeolithic in the Iberian Peninsula. We stress the role of fire
as a processing tool and as a preservation agent. The plants in question are Pinus pinea L. (stone pine), Corispermum gallicum Iljin (bugseed), and Corema album (L.) D. Don ex Steudel (Portuguese crowberry). The archaeobotanical remains preserved in the three sites discussed here, namely Figueira Brava (Setúbal, Portugal), Cueva de Nerja (Málaga, Spain) and Cova de les Cendres (Alicante, Spain) prove that Neanderthals and modern humans had similar skills regarding the control of fire during all stages of the combustion process, and demonstrate the implementation of multi-step processing, especially at the end of the Upper Palaeolithic. By avoiding cutting down the species that provided food, these Palaeolithic groups carried out sustainable vegetation management, as well.
... Mosyakin (1994) divided Corispermum into three sections, one of which contained at least seven subsections, but most taxa in the genus were not assigned to specific sections or subsections. Sukhorukov (2007) created a new treatment dividing species into 13 groups based solely on fruit morphology. Sukhorukov's (2007) groups differed substantially from Mosyakin's (1994Mosyakin's ( , 1995 treatments, for example placing C. navicula and C. americanum into different groups. ...
... Sukhorukov (2007) created a new treatment dividing species into 13 groups based solely on fruit morphology. Sukhorukov's (2007) groups differed substantially from Mosyakin's (1994Mosyakin's ( , 1995 treatments, for example placing C. navicula and C. americanum into different groups. A single phylogenetic study of Asian Corispermum has been published (Xue and Zhang 2011), which confirmed that Corispermum is a monophyletic genus that they divided into 4 clades, but there was limited support for genetic distinction among species. ...
... A single phylogenetic study of Asian Corispermum has been published (Xue and Zhang 2011), which confirmed that Corispermum is a monophyletic genus that they divided into 4 clades, but there was limited support for genetic distinction among species. Furthermore, Xue and Zhang's (2011) phylogeny did not support the previous treatments of Mosyakin (1994Mosyakin ( , 1995 or Sukhorukov (2007). Neale et al. (2013) also included phylogenetic data in their report, but they were unable to find any genetic distinction among their sampled taxa. ...
A final report for genetic testing of Corispermum navicula in northern Colorado.
... Corispermum L. is a genus of annual hermaphroditic herbaceous plants of the Northern Hemisphere considered to be among the most taxonomically complicated genera of Amaranthaceae. Species-level identification is also very complicated because of the morphological similarity of species, hybridisation as well as phenotypic plasticity and different habitus at different stages of development (Sukhorukov, 2007(Sukhorukov, , 2014. The number of species and morphological boundaries between them are understood differently by various botanists in the Baltic States. ...
... The comparison of diagnostic characters for all Corispermum species was based on herbarium specimens collected in Latvia as well as on different relevant taxonomic literature (strazdiņš, 1985;aellen & aKeroyd, 1993;MoSyakin, 1996;Sukhorukov, 2007Sukhorukov, , 2014. The status of the Corispermum species whether the taxon is native or alien to Latvia was determined. ...
Evarts-Bunders P., Evarte-Bundere G., Medne M., Bojāre A., Krasnopoļska D., Svilāne I., 2020: The genus Corispermum L. (Amaranthaceae) in the Baltic States.-Botanica, 26(1): 61-75. The paper presents the data on taxonomical diversity and distribution patterns and dynamics of the Corisper-mum species in the Baltic States over the last hundred years. Field studies and the herbarium material analyses were carried out. The distribution dynamics was analysed by comparing all known localities of the Corisper-mum species in two time periods: by 1990, and from 1991 to the present. Analysis of the herbarium material confirmed that currently there are four species in the Baltic States: Corispermum hyssopifolium, C. declinatum, C. intermedium and C. pallasii. The only endemic species to the Eastern Baltic Region, C. intermedium, is considered as typical for annual vegetation on embryonic shifting dunes and other coastal habitats. In Lithuania, this species is considered extinct or almost extinct, as has not been found for more than 30 years, only its hybrids with C. pallasii. The largest and most stable population of C. intermedium has been found on the eastern shore of the Gulf of Rīga in Latvia. Other species such as ephemerophytic C. hyssopifolium and C. declinatum also prefer dry and disturbed habitats. Both have become less frequent in recent years. However, potentially invasive C. pallasii has been observed in the region with increasing distribution dynamics. The Estonian and Latvian herbaria analysis confirmed that all specimens previously identified as C. algidum after re-examination were identified as C. pallasii or C. intermedium and more often as hybrid C. intermedium × C. pallasii.
... Atriplex, Chenopodium, Corispermum and Dysphania (e.g. Uotila 2001, Sukhorukov 2006, 2007a, 2007b and we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to show the important differences in the reproductive traits. The hard tissues (seed coat) do not require any special preparation prior to SEM, but other objects that contain living cells, such as hairs or papillae (on perianth or pericarp), were dehydrated in aqueous ethyl alcohol solutions of increasing concentration, then in alcohol-acetone solutions and pure acetone and then finally critical-point dried. ...
... Sukhorukov 2008, 2015a. The fruit anatomy appears crucial to the diagnostics of many Corispermum and the fruits of almost all members were anatomically investigated in previous studies (Sukhorukov 2007a, 2007b). Here, we present the fruit anatomy of Corispermum tibeticum Iljin and add the most important data to the description of the species. ...
... Fruit anatomy plays the most important role in the diagnostics of the species groups. The following characters can be noted (Sukhorukov 2007b): (1) thickness of the fruit, (2) thickness of the outer pericarp layer, (3) presence of sclereids in the medial fruit part and their quantity and orientation and (4) outline and size of the fruit wing. ...
The composition of many Chenopodiaceae genera in different parts of Himalaya and Tibet has been insufficiently known or contradictory. A revision of the family in Himalaya including Bhutan, Nepal, parts of India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, and Uttarakhand) and Tibet (Xizang, China) is presented for the first time. Altogether, 57 species from 20 genera are reported, including three species new to science (Agriophyllum tibeticum, Salsola austrotibetica, and Salsola hartmannii). Atriplex centralasiatica, Corispermum dutreuilii, and Salsola monoptera are identified as new records for India, and Chenopodium pamiricum is recorded in China for the first time. Dysphania ambrosioides and Sympegma regelii are recorded for Xizang. The generic and species keys, species distributions (including maps) and taxonomic notes are provided. We indicate for the first time that the presence of short yellow hairs is the remarkable morphological characteristic of the genus Grubovia. Evident heterocarpy and heterospermy is found in Dysphania for the first time (Dysphania tibetica). Agriophyllum pungens, Atriplex crassifolia, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex sagittata, Axyris amaranthoides, Axyris hybrida, Bassia indica, Corispermum korovinii, Dysphania schraderiana (=Chenopodium foetidum auct.), Halocharis violacea, and Suaeda microsperma are excluded from the species list. Neobotrydium corniculatum is synonymized with Dysphania kitiae, Neobotrydium longii with Dysphania himalaica, and Neobotrydium ornithopodum seems to be conspecific with Dysphania nepalensis. Corispermum ladakhianum is a new synonym of Corispermum tibeticum. Amaranthus diandrus is added to the synonyms of Acroglochin persicarioides, and Bassia fiedleri, previously considered as conspecific with Grubovia dasyphylla, is added to the synonymy of Bassia scoparia. Lectotypes of Anabasis glomerata (≡Halogeton glomeratus), Halogeton tibeticus (=Halogeton glomeratus), Amaranthus diandrus (=Acroglochin persicarioides), Chenopodium tibeticum (≡Dysphania tibetica), Corispermum dutreuilii, Corispermum falcatum, Corispermum lhasaense, Corispermum pamiricum var. pilocarpum (=Corispermum gelidum, syn. nov.), Corispermum tibeticum, Kochia indica (≡Bassia indica), Kochia odontoptera (≡Bassia odontoptera) and Salsola monoptera are selected. Out of 53 native elements, 42 are restricted in their distribution to Himalaya and Tibet at altitudes 2000–4500 m above sea level. The greatest taxonomic diversity of the Chenopodiaceae is represented in Jammu and Kashmir (India) and Xizang (China) with a continuous decrease in the number of species southwards.
... Corispermum gmelinii (Fig. 32) Corispermum gmelinii is a member of C. sect. Declinata, which is a poorly known group comprising two or three species native to central Asia, Mongolia, China and southern Siberia (Zhu et al. 2003, Sukhorukov 2007. Corispermum gmelinii, sometimes included in C. tylocarpum (Zhu et al. 2003), is native to Mongolia and to the Chinese province of Inner Mongolia (Suchorukow 2007). ...
The sixth part of the series on the distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 112 taxa in the genera Athyrium, Carex, Centaurea, Chenopodium, Corispermum, Corrigiola, Crepis, Cystopteris, Glaucium, Hackelia, Hammarbya, Hippocrepis, Lappula, Lepidium, Liparis, Loranthus, Lycopus, Lythrum, Matteuccia, Osmunda, Plantago, Psephellus, Pteridium, Salvia, Scirpus and Viola. These maps were produced by taxonomic experts based on examined herbarium specimens, literature and field records. The native species include common and widespread plants such as Athyrium filix-femina, Carex acuta, Crepis biennis, Lycopus europaeus, Lythrum salicaria and Plantago lanceolata, as well as rare species such as Carex buxbaumii, Osmunda regalis and Viola alba. Almost 42% of the mapped taxa are on the national Red List. Among themapped taxa there are raremountain species (e.g. Carex aterrima, C. atrata, Centaurea mollis, C. montana, Crepis mollis subsp. mollis, C. sibirica and the endemic Plantago atrata subsp. sudetica), wetland orchids (Hammarbya paludosa, Liparis loeselii) and plants of dry grasslands (e.g. Crepis pannonica, Hippocrepis comosa, Lappula semicincta and Salvia aethiopis). Rare ecological specialists include Corrigiola litoralis from seasonally exposed sand and gravel bars in rivers, Plantago arenaria confined to dry open sandy habitats, and Chenopodium chenopodioides and Plantago maritima subsp. ciliata from saline habitats. Alien species mapped in this paper include both archaeophytes and neophytes, most of them from the genera Centaurea, Crepis and Lepidium. Salvia hispanica is recorded as a new alien species for this country’s flora; its spontaneous occurrence was first detected in 2013, and since then this species has been found at about a dozen sites. Plantago coronopus has recently spread along the roads treated with de-icing salt. A number of species are at the limits of their distributions in the Czech Republic. The distribution maps of three interspecific hybrids are also included. Spatial distributions and often also temporal dynamics of individual taxa are shown in maps and documented by records included in the Pladias database and available in electronic appendices. The maps are accompanied by comments that include additional information on the distribution, habitats, taxonomy and biology of the taxa.
... Her meyve iki tane ince uzunca sitilopodiyum taşımaktadır. Bunun alt kısmı kalıcı olup üst kısım döllenmeden sonra düşmektedir (Sukhorukov, 2007). ...
... Corispermum taksonomik olarak sorunlu bir cins olup, temel olarak meyve karakterlerine göre adlandırılmaktadır (Sukhorukov, 2007). Bu cins ile alakalı detaylı görsel materyaller Bojńanský ve Fargašová (2007) tarafından verilmiştir. ...
... Ertesi yıl İstanbul Biyoçeşitliği Projesi kapsamında hem çiçekli hem de meyveli örneklerine yeniden ulaşılmıştır. Örneklerin teşhislerinde çeşitli flora (Aellen ve Akeroyd, 1993;Tan, 1997), yayınlar (Mosyakin, 1997;Sukhorukov, 2007Sukhorukov, , 2010 kullanılmıştır. Bunun yanında toplanan örneklerin herbaryum örnekleri ile karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. ...
Özet: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki Corispermum türlerine ait yeni bir tür teşhis anahtarı, tür
betimleri ve türlere ilişkin bazı notlara yer verilmiştir. Türkiye’den kaydı teyide muhtaç
Corispermum nitidum Kit. ex Schult. (Amaranthaceae) türünün varlığı kesinleşmiştir.
Abstract: In this study, the new identification key, descriptions and some notes for the
Turkish Corispermum species were given. The presence of Corispermum nitidum Kit. ex
Schult in Turkey was not certain. Its existence was confirmed.
... Further detailed micromorphological studies of the specimens LINN 12.1 and LINN 12.2 are needed, especially studies of the fruits which are highly diagnostic in Corispermum (see Iljin 1929;Mosyakin 1996;Sukhorukov 2007). It is probable that a subsequent (second-stage) lectotypification (Art. ...
The Linnaean name Corispermum squarrosum (Chenopodiaceae, Corispermeae) is lectotypified here by the specimen LINN 12.3. This specimen is identifiable with the plant currently known as C. uralense, a species occurring in southeasternmost regions of Europe and adjacent parts of Siberia and Kazakhstan, and the name C. squarrosum should be now applied to it. Our lectotypification of C. squarrosum restores the original taxonomic application by Linnaeus to an East European species of Corispermum. It is demonstrated that the epithet "squarrosum" was misapplied to several species of Corispermum and one species of Agriophyllum. This long-standing nomenclatural confusion was initiated by Pallas, who, contrary to Linnaeus, considered a species of Agriophyllum as "the only true C. squarrosum". That concept was then accepted by Moquin-Tandon and Aellen and followed by some other authors. Nomenclatural implications of the lectotypification of C. squarrosum are explained. As a result of our lectotypification, the most widespread species of Agriophyllum (widely known as A. arenarium and "A. squarrosum" sensu Moquin-Tandon), should be called A. pungens. The generic name Agriophyllum was not validly published by Marschall von Bieberstein in 1819 (provisional name), but it was validated by C.A. Meyer in 1831. Relevant updated nomenclatural citations are provided.
... Seed heteromorphism is common in the Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae and Brassicaceae (Harper & al. 1970;Manda´ k, 1997;Imbert, 2002), and among annuals, often pioneer species or plants faced with stochastic environments such as deserts or semideserts (Manda´ k, 1997). Fruit structre makes it obvious that there is a sufficiently wider range of carpological features that could be used in species identification (Sukhorukov, 2007). Our observation showed that dispersal unit of S. kali subsp. ...
Protection of desert soil vegetation is one of the key requirements for environmental protection programs. Survival of desert plants is related to dispersal characters and germination mechanisms that ensure germination and successful establishment of seedlings in suitable time and place. Salsola kali subsp. tragus is annual halophyte found in some dry land and rangeland of Tarom-Abbar (Province of Zanjan). In this area it names as Chogan and in ancient times, was used as laundry soap. In this research, seed structure, polymorphism, germination and growing of S. kali subsp.tragus were studied under greenhouse conditions. Three types of seeds were observed: a, dark; b, light yellow and c, yellow color. All seeds had a spiral-shaped embryo. Spiral-shaped embryo gives quick ability for fast germination in good condition. Some of the yellow seeds had a transparent shield which causes gradual penetration of water into the seed. These features cause the seeds that germinate later than the others. Comparison of germination between scarified and not scarified seeds showed that non scarified seeds had more than 2 mounts dormancy. The stages of germination process and morphological characters of plant in different growing life cycle are presented. The special characters of this plant, such as the fast opening of compressed spiral shape embryo, which we report in this research, is a creative natural mechanism for rapid germination and immediately establishes on unreliable conditions. Study of halophytes life cycle, discovery of germination mechanisms and biological structures involved in stress conditions will be very important and necessary for improving of desertification programs, soil improvement, soil erosion control and forage production.
... (Sukhorukov 2008), the name C. orientale was proposed for rejection (Sukhorukov 2008) and the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants voted in favour of this rejection (Applequist 2012). Corispermum dutreuilii is placed in a formal "Dutreuilii" carpological group (Sukhorukov 2007), which includes mountainous species distributed in Pamir and adjacent regions. The species is carpologically well studied, and two morphological varieties are known so far -the type variety with glabrous fruits (sometimes with warty outgrowths) and C. dutreuilii var. ...
The paper presents new records for 28 vascular plant species from 14 Eurasian countries. Five taxa (Catabrosa capusii, Poa albertii, Poa intricata, Poa pseudoaltaica, Poa sergievskajae) are reported from Kazakhstan, three (Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus, Ranunculus smirnovii, Ranunculus turczaninovii) from Mongolia, three (Panicum barbipulvinatum, Stipa eriocaulis, Tragopogon pratensis subsp. minor) from Poland, three (Euphorbia subtilis, Corydalis grubovii, Thymus callieri) from Russia, two (Atriplex ornata, Corispermum dutreuilii) from Afghanistan, two (Orobanche grenieri, Ranunculus mongolicus) from Kyrgyzstan, two (Erigeron annuus, Sternbergia lutea) from Tajikistan, two (Orobanche baumanniorum, Orobanche kotschyi) from Turkey, one (Polygonum subaphyllum) from China, one (Orobanche bartlingii) from Georgia, one (Rubus slavonicus) from Germany, one (Cenchrus spinifex) from Montenegro, one (Rubus canadensis) from Slovenia and one (Bolboschoenus yagara) from Switzerland. For each species, synonyms, general distribution, habitat preferences, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiation of the species from the most similar taxa occurring in a given country as well as a list of recorded localities (often far from the previously known areas) are presented.
