Lindbladia tubulina

Appearance

The plasmodium is sepia-toned, brown-black or black. The fruiting body is usually pseudoaethalioid, occasionally aethalioid or on rare occasions even sporangiate. The fruiting bodies form dense groups which are mainly sessile or, rarely, borne on a stipe. The single sporangia are cylindric and create a spotted to cushion-shaped aethalium with a diameter from 1 to 15 cm and a thickness from 2 to 10 mm. Its thickened, black or dark brown surface is composed of incompletely developed peridium walls and spores, and covers the ochre- to olive-brown interior. The endings of the single sporangia are slightly rough up to distinctly curved outwards and spherical. Their diameter is from 0.4 to 0.8 mm.

The distinctive, spongy hypothallus is occasionally membranous, but often multi-layered and produces a permanent subsurface for the fruit body. The peridium is an iridescent, consistently membranous layer. It is smooth on the edges and partly smooth, partly veined and mostly irregularly covered with the small hollows, which have a diameter from 0.4 to 0.8 µm and can be thickened on the edge. Dictydian granules are found in the shape darker or colourless pellets, which have a diameter from 0.8 to 1,8 µm.

A capillitium or pseudocapillitium is lacking. The spores are as spore mass ochre to olive brown, in transmitted light faint-coloured. They are round and have a diameter from 5 to 7 µm, but distydian pellets are generally absent. Its surface is sharply sculptured and occasionally produces a reticular structure. In transmitted light they appear finely thorned.

Habitat

''Lindbladia tubulina'' is widely distributed. It has been found in Ceylon, Japan, North America from Canada to Texas, and in Europe from Scandinavia to Portugal. It is not found in the Neotropics. Many specimens are found on deadwood, brushwood or conifer needles, and rarely on the wood of deciduous trees. Seasonally they appear from late springtime to early autumn .