The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Belarus

Oleg Borodin

A checklist of the known psyllids of Belarus is given: 12 species (one of them doubtful) have been previously reported and 43 species are added here, bringing the number of confirmed species to 54. The psylloid fauna of the country remains poorly known. Based on information from surrounding countries, another 73 species can be expected. An illustrated identification key is provided for the 127 species whose occurence in Belarus has been confirmed or is likely.

Revue suisse de Zoologie (mars 2015) 122 (1): 7-44 ISSN 0035-418 The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Belarus Liliya Serbina1, 2, Daniel Burckhardt1 & Oleg Borodin3 1 Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland Institut für Natur-, Landschafts- und Umweltschutz an der Universität Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland 3 National Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya street 27, 220072 Minsk, Belarus Corresponding author: Liliya Serbina. E-mail: liliia.serbina@unibas.ch, liliya_serbina@mail.ru 2 Abstract: A checklist of the known psyllids of Belarus is given: 12 species (one of them doubtful) have been previously reported and 43 species are added here, bringing the number of conﬁrmed species to 54. The psylloid fauna of the country remains poorly known. Based on information from surrounding countries, another 73 species can be expected. An illustrated identiﬁcation key is provided for the 127 species whose occurence in Belarus has been conﬁrmed or is likely. Keywords: Psyllids - Sternorrhyncha - host-plants - faunistics - identiﬁcation key - Europe - Palaearctic Region. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS Jumping plant-lice or Psylloidea, a superfamily of Sternorrhyncha, are plant-sap sucking insects (Photo 1). Most psyllid species are associated with dicotyledonous plants, and are usually highly host-plant speciﬁc. At present there are almost 4000 described psyllid species world-wide (Li, 2011) representing probably less than half of the actually existing species number. Despite the fact that psyllids are most species-rich in the tropics and south temperate regions, the west Palaearctic fauna is the one which is best studied with around 400 species reported from Europe (Burckhardt, 2004). The study of Eastern European psyllids was initiated by Flor (1861) with a survey on the fauna of Livonia followed by a large number of publications dealing with the European part of the former Soviet Union (Gegechkori & Loginova, 1990). The information on the psyllid fauna of Belarus is, however, scarce with only 12 recorded species of which one is doubtful (Loginova, 1961, 1962b; Palyakova, 1969; Byazdzenka et al., 1973; Gorlenko et al., 1988; Sidlyarevich & Bolotnikova, 1992; Petrov, 2004, 2011; Petrov et al., 2011; Petrov & Sautkin, 2013). In the last 15 years psyllids were collected in all administrative regions of Belarus, mostly as by-catch of an Auchenorrhyncha survey. The aim of the present paper is to provide an updated checklist of psyllids from Belarus based on literature data and recently collected material. We also provide an illustrated identiﬁcation key for the species recorded and those potentially occurring in Belarus, as the existing keys are outdated or incomplete. Unless stated otherwise, the material was collected by O. Borodin, is dry mounted and deposited in the Laboratory of Terrestrial Invertebrates of the State Science and Production Association “Research and Practical Centre of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Bioresources” (Gosudarstvennoye Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoye Ob‘yedineniye “Nauchno-Prakticheskiy Tsentr Natsional‘noy Akademii Nauk Belarusi po Bioresursam”) in Minsk. Material from the Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel (Switzerland) was examined for comparison. For the transliteration of names and organisations from the Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet the BGN/PCGN system was used. Morphological terminology mainly follows Ossiannilsson (1992), Hollis (2004) (wing venation) and Burckhardt (2010). Botanical nomenclature and classiﬁcation follows Sautkina et al. (1999). Additional information on psyllid host-plants is available in Ossiannilsson (1992) and Ouvrard (2014). Generally useful identiﬁcation keys are by Loginova (1964), Klimaszewski (1975) and Ossiannilsson (1992), though they are more or less outdated and should be used with caution. Photos and drawings were prepared from slide mounted specimens located in the Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel. Photos were made with KEYENCE VHX-2000 digital microscope. Manuscript accepted 28.07.2014 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14578 8 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Photo 1. Living Livia junci, photo kindly provided by Gernot Kunz. Following abbreviations are used: Checklist: BSU – Belarusian State University, MKAD – Minsk automobile ring road (Minskaya kol‘tsevaya avtomobil‘naya doroga). Identiﬁcation key: AEL – length of distal portion of aedeagus, ALHW – antenna length : head width ratio, FPHW – female proctiger length : head width ratio, MP – male proctiger length. SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Checklist The checklist is alphabetical using the classiﬁcation of Burckhardt & Ouvrard (2012). Aphalaridae Aphalarinae Aphalara afﬁnis (Zetterstedt, 1828) Material examined: Minsk: 1 adult without abdomen, Molodechno district, nr Myasota, 6.ix.2002. Aphalara avicularis Ossiannilsson, 1981 Material examined: Brest: 1♀, Stolin district, Belousha, 15.viii.2005. Comments: The record of A. polygoni by Loginova (1961) from the Vitebsk region may concern A. avicularis or A. freji. Without revising the original material it is not possible to decide which species is concerned. Aphalara freji Burckhardt & Lauterer, 1997 Material examined: Gomel’: 1♂, Lel’chitsy district, 0.5 km NE Krasnoberezh’ye, river Ubort’ ﬂoodplain, 5.viii.2004. – Minsk: 1♀, Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 26.ix.2013, on conifers (L. Serbina). – 3♂, same but nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest. – 5♂, 1♀, same but nr Tarasovo, nr Gardeners’ partnership Zvezdnoye, 29.ix.2013. Comments: The record of A. polygoni by Loginova (1961) from the Vitebsk region may concern A. avicularis or A. freji. Without revising the original material it is not possible to decide which species is concerned. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus Craspedolepta crispati Lauterer & Burckhardt, 2004 Material examined: Minsk: 4♂, 2♀, Volozhin district, Rakov, 28.vii.1997, meadow. Craspedolepta ﬂavipennis (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Myadel’ district, Logoviny, train station, 5.vii.2009, meadow (L. Serbina). Craspedolepta latior Wagner, 1944 Material examined: Minsk: 2♂, 1♀, Minsk district, river Ptich’ bank, nr train station Ptich’, 15.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 1♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, canal bank, 9.vii.2002. – 11♂, 27♀, same but Myadel’ district, Logoviny, nr train station, 5.vii.2009, meadow (L. Serbina). – 1♂, 1♀, same but nr Naroch’, 9.vii.2009. Craspedolepta malachitica (Dahlbom, 1851) Material examined: Gomel’: 1♀, Kalinkovichi district, 0.5 km E Turovichi, 23.vii.2005, dry meadow, on Artemisia sp. – Grodno: 1 adult without abdomen, Mosty district, 3.5 km NW Peski, river Zel’vyanka ﬂoodplain, 24.vi.2005 (Y. Gerashchenko). – Minsk: 4♀, Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 15.v.2008 (L. Serbina). – 2♀, same but river Ptich’ bank, nr train station Ptich’, June 2008. – 1♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Povyazyn’, 1.vii.2001. – 2♂, same but nr canal bank, 9.vi.2002. – 1♂, same but nr Radoshkovichi, slope Minsk-Vileyka channel system, 22.vi.2005. – 1♀, same but nr Sitsevichi, 12.vii.2005, pine forest (A. Egiyan). – 2♂, 6♀, same but river Udranka bank, nr bus stop, 14.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 1♂, 2♀, same but Myadel’ district, nr Naroch’, 2.vii.2009. – 10♂, 24♀, same but Logoviny, nr train station, 5.vii.2009. – 84♂, 99♀, same but nr Naroch’, 9.vii.2009. – 1♀, same but Volozhin district, nr Kaldyki, 11.vii.2007, mixed forest. – Vitebsk: 2♀, Lepel’ district, nr Domzheritsy, nr boarding school and pond, 31.vii.2001, on Artemisia dracunculus. – 1♀, same but river Buzyanka, 300 m upstream from boat station, 1.viii.2001. Craspedolepta nervosa (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Grodno: 1♀, Mosty district, 3.5 km NW Peski, 24.vi.2005, river Zel’vyanka ﬂoodplain. – Minsk: 1♀, Borisov district, 2 km NW Peresady, nr train station “Proletarskaya pobeda”, lowland, 6.viii.2002, pine forest. – 1♀, same but Logoysk district, nr Besyady, river Udra ﬂoodplain, 26.vi.2002. – 1♀, same but Kupa- 9 lovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, dry meadow. – 4♂, 3♀, same but 0.5 km SW Matski, hill, meadow. – 1♀, same but Minsk district, nr train station Kryzhovka, 3.vi.2001, meadow in pine forest. – 1♂, 1♀, same but nr Chirovichi, 9.vi.2002, dry meadow. – 1♂, same but Shchemyslitsy, nr Biological Faculty, BSU, 18.vi.2002. – 1♀, same but Dubrava Natural Monument, 19.vi.2002. – 1♀, same but nr Biological Faculty, BSU, 1.vii.2002. – 1♂, 3♀, same but 19.vi.2006 (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, dry meadow. – 1♀, same but 2.vii.2001. – 1♂, same but 0.5 km E Vyazynka, hill, 3.vii.2001. – 1♂, same but nr Vyazynka, canal bank, 12.vi.2002. – 1♂, 3♀, nr Shipulichi, river Zapadnaya Berezina bank, 27.vi.2002. – 1♂, same but river Udranka bank, nr bus stop, 14.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 1♂, 1♀, same but Myadel’ district, nr Naroch’, 2.vii.2009. – 2♂, 3♀, same but Logoviny, nr train station, 5.vii.2009, meadow. – 3♂; same but 0.5 km S Nikol’tsy, Gomza Dendrological Garden, 6.vii.2009. – 1♂, 1♀, same but Soligorsk district, 7 km from Soligorsk, 24.vi.2004 (A. Egiyan). – 1♀, same but 25.vi.2004. – 1♀, same but Stolbtsy district, nr train station Kolosovo, 26.v.1993, ﬁeld in front of pine forest (V. Karasev). – Vitebsk: 2♂, 2♀, Gorodok district, 17.vi.2008, dry meadow, on Achillea millefolium. Craspedolepta omissa Wagner, 1944 Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, dry meadow. – 1♀, same but Minsk district, 2 km NE Shchemyslitsy, along train station, 12.vii.2005, forest plantation. – 2♂, 1♀, same but river Ptich’ bank, nr train station Ptich’, 15.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 2♀, same but Botanical Garden (Minsk), 16.vii.2009. – 1♂, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, station, hill, 3.vii.2001. – 2♂, 2♀, same but nr station Shipulichi, 27.vi.2002, river Zapadnaya Berezina bank, on Artemisia sp. – 1♂, same but Myadel’ district, nr Naroch’, 2.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 6♂, 10♀, same but Logoviny, nr train station, 5.vii.2009. – 1 adult without abdomen, same but nr Antonisberg, 300 m behind resting place, meadow. – 3♂, 5♀, same but 0.5 km S Nikol’tsy, Gomza Dendrological Garden, 6.vii.2009. – 1♀, same but nr Naroch’, 9.vii.2009. – 1♂, same but Vileyka district, nr hydraulic station, 0.5 km N Budishche, 9.vii.2005, dry meadow. Craspedolepta subpunctata (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, willow thicket. – 1♀, same but nr Chirovichi, 9.vi.2002. 10 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Rhinocolinae Rhinocola aceris (Linnaeus, 1758) Material examined: No locality data, 1♂, 1♀ (S. Buga). Liviidae Euphyllurinae Psyllopsis discrepans (Flor, 1861) Material examined: Gomel’: 1♀, Khoyniki district, Orevichi, Polesskiy Natural Reserve, 21.viii.1991, Malaise trap. – Minsk: 15♂, 30♀, Soligorsk district, 7 km from Soligorsk, 24.vi.2004 (A. Egiyan). Psyllopsis distinguenda Edwards, 1913 Material examined: Vitebsk: 1♂, 1♀, Gorodok district, Carla-Marksa Street, 17.vi.2008, on Fraxinus sp. (S. Buga). Psyllopsis fraxini (Linnaeus, 1758) Records: Recorded by Petrov (2011) from the south central region of the Belarusian Ridge. Psyllopsis fraxinicola (Foerster, 1848) Baeopelma foersteri (Flor, 1861) Records: Recorded by Loginova (1962b) as Psylla foersteri from the Vitebsk region. Material examined: Gomel’: 2♂, 3♀, Zhitkovichi district, Khvoyensk, 11.vii.1999, pine forest, on Alnus glutinosa (S. Buga). – 3♂, same but 1.5 km SW Novyye Milevichi, river Sluch’ ﬂoodplain, 4.viii.2004. – 15♂, 9♀, same but 2 km SW Otskovannoye, 5.viii.2004. – 1♂, same but nr Novyye Milevichi, nr river Sluch’, 15.ix.2004. – Minsk: 1♂, 2♀, Logoysk district, 0.5 km SW Matski, hill, 7.vii.2004, meadow. – 1♀, same but Minsk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, dry meadow, on Alnus incana. – 1♂, 1♀ same but Botanical Garden (Minsk), 16.vii.2009, on Alnus sp. (L. Serbina). – 2♂, 1♀, same but river Ptich’ bank, nr train station Ptich’, 22.vii.2009. – 3♂, 5♀, same but Myadel’ district, Naroch’, nr Antonisberg, 30.vi.2005, (A. Egiyan). – 4♂, 3♀, same but 1.vii.2005, on Alnus incana. – 1♀, same but nr Naroch’, 3.vii.2009, on Alnus sp. (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same but 0.5 km S Nikol’tsy, Gomza Dendrological Garden, 6.vii.2009. – 1♀, same but Soligorsk district, Soligorsk, 25.vi.2004 (A. Egiyan). – 5♂, 4♀, same but Volozhin district, Rakov, river Isloch’ ﬂoodplain, 28.vii.2004. – 3♂, 6♀, same but on Alnus glutinosa. – 2♂, 2♀, same but nr Kaldyki, 19.vii.2007, mixed forest, on Alnus sp. (L. Serbina). – Mogilev: 1♀, Klichev district, Lozovitsa, 20.vii.1997, pine forest. – Vitebsk: 1♀, Postavy district, lake Chetvert’ south bank, 10.vii.2005. Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Soligorsk district, 7 km from Soligorsk, 24.vi.2004 (A. Egiyan). Cacopsylla ambigua (Foerster, 1848) Strophingia ericae (Curtis, 1835) Material examined: Grodno: 2♀, Iv’yev district, Naliboki pushcha, 4 km NE Malaya Chapun’, 22.vi.2002, pine forest, on Calluna sp. Liviinae Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor, 1861) Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Minsk, alley nr Lyubimov Ave., 23.iv.2013, on Tilia sp. – 3♀, same but Botanical Garden (Minsk), 26.iv.2013, on Rhododendron sp. (L. Serbina). Psyllidae Psyllinae Arytaina genistae (Latreille, 1804) Material examined: Vitebsk: 2♂, 1♀, Lepel’ district, nr Kraytsy, 1 km along road in direction Perechodtsy, 2.viii.2001, pine forest. Material examined: Brest: 2♂, Drogichin district, Wildlife sanctuary “Zvonets”, 16.vi.1999. – Gomel’: 2♀, Zhitkovichi district, 1.5 km SW Novyye Milevichi, river Sluch’ ﬂoodplain, 4.viii.2004, on Salix sp. – Grodno: 1 adult without abdomen, Iv’yev district, Naliboki pushcha, 0.5 km S Potashnya, nr river, 22.viii.2002, meadow (E. Shestakov). – Minsk: 4♂, 8♀, Logoysk district, nr Gayany, 28.vi.2004, on Salix sp. – 1♂, 2♀, same but Minsk district, train station Kryzhovka, river Poplav bank, 3.vi.2001, ﬂoodplain meadow. – 2♀, same but nr Shchemyslitsy, NW Dubrava Natural Monument, 6.vi.2002. – 1♀, 1 adult without abdomen, same but 15.vi.2002. – 4♀, same but 18.vi.2002. – 2♀, same but 4.vii.2002. – 1♂, 1♀, same but ﬁeld between MKAD Kurasovshchina and SouthWest district, 24.v.2003. – 1♂, same but Shchemyslitsy, nr Biological Faculty, BSU, 19.vi.2006. – 1♂, 4♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, bog. – 1♂, 3♀, same but nr station Shipulichi, river Zapadnaya Berezina ﬂoodplain, meadow edge, 27.vi.2002. – 1♀, same but nr Vyazynka, 20.v.2003. – Vitebsk: 1♂, Gorodok district, 2 km NE Machalovo, river Lovat’ ﬂoodplain, 4.vi.2000, bog (S. Buga). Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 11 Cacopsylla brunneipennis (Edwards, 1896) Cacopsylla mali (Schmidberger, 1836) group Material examined: Minsk: 2♂, 3♀, Logoysk district, Gayany, 28.vi.2004. – 2♂, 3♀, same but Minsk district, nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest, on conifers (L. Serbina). Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, meadow. – 1♀, same but Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 15.vi.2002. – 1♀, same but nr Biological Faculty, BSU, 1.vii.2002. – 1♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 1.vi.2001. – 1 adult without abdomen, same but Myadel’ district, nr Naroch’, 4.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same but Nesvizh district, nr Nesvizh, 29.vi.2004, on Prunus cerasifera. Cacopsylla crataegi (Schrank, 1801) Records: Recorded from Belarus by Gorlenko et al. (1988) as Psylla crataegi and by Petrov & Sautkin (2013) as Cacopsylla crataegi from the Minsk region. Cacopsylla hippophaes (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, 3♀, Minsk district, nr Tarasovo, nr Gardeners’ partnership Zvezdnoye, 29.ix.2013, on Hippophae rhamnoides (L. Serbina). Cacopsylla ledi (Flor, 1861) Material examined: Gomel’: 1♀, Zhitkovichi dictrict, Pripyatskiy National Park, 11.vii.1999, pine forest, on Ledum sp. – Minsk: 1♀, Myadel’ district, 1 km SW Kochergi, 16.vii.2005, pine forest, on Ledum sp. – 1♀, same but Leytsy, 5.v.2008. – Mogilev: 1♀, Klichev district, Razvadovo, 20.vii.1997, pine forest, on Ledum sp. – 1♂, 1♀, same but Lozovitsa, 31.viii.1997. – 1♀, Razvadovo, 23.vii.1998. – 3♀, same but 17.viii.1998. – 1♂, same but, 17.ix.2000, pine forest. – Vitebsk: 1♂, Dokshitsy district, Krulevshizna, 11.vii.2000, pine forest (L. Chumakov). – 1♀, same but 22.x.2000. – 1♀, same but Rossony district, 0.8 km N Osinniki, 11.ix.1998, pine forest, on Ledum sp. Cacopsylla mali (Schmidberger, 1836) Records: Recorded by Byazdzenka (1973) as Psylla mali from the Minsk region. Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, dry meadow. – 1♂, 2♀, same but Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 16.ix.1997, on Malus sylvestris (S. Buga). – 1♀, same but 15.vii.2009, on Malus sp. (L. Serbina). – 1♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, bog. – 2♀, same but 29.vii.2001. – 1♀, same but nr station Shipulichi, river Zapadnaya Berezina ﬂoodplain, 27.vi.2002. – 2♀, same but Myadel’ district, Naroch’ orchards, 2.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 1♀, same but Volozhin district, nr Kaldyki, 11.vii.2007, mixed forest. Comment: Due to the poor state of the material the specimens cannot be identiﬁed to species. They could be any member of the C. mali group: C. mali, C. peregrina, C. sorbi or C. ulmi. Cacopsylla moscovita (Andrianova, 1948) Material examined: Grodno: 1♂, 1♀, Iv’yev district, Naliboki pushcha, 4.5 km E Malaya Chapun’, 22.viii.2002, on Salix sp. Cacopsylla parvipennis (Löw, 1877) Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Myadel’ district, 2 km W Cheremshitsy, river Narochanka ﬂoodplain, 9.vii.2005. Cacopsylla peregrina (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Minsk: 3♂, 7♀, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, dry meadow. – 1♂, 1♀, same but Minsk district, stop “Kurasovshchina”, 9.ix.1997, on Crataegus sp. (S. Buga). – 4♀, same but stop “Bol’nitsa”, 13.ix.1997. – 4♂, 4♀, same but Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 21.v.1999. – 3♀, same but station “Polzhelishche”, 18.ix.1999. – 2♀, same but Shchemyslitsy, track nr bus stop “Filial BGU”, 11.vii.2009 (L. Serbina). – 1♂, 1♀, same but 22.vii.2009. – 15♀, same but 29.vii.2009. – 3♂, 4♀, same but Volozhin district, nr Kaldyki, 19.vii.2007, mixed forest. Cacopsylla pulchella (Löw, 1877) Material examined: Gomel’: 8♂, 2♀, Khoyniki district, Orevichi, 21.v.-18.vi.1991, Malaise trap. – 2♂, same but Zhitkovichi district, 14 km from Chvoensk, Pripyatskiy National Park, 26.viii.1999, pine forest. – Minsk: 2♂, Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, dry meadow. 12 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Cacopsylla pulchra (Zetterstedt, 1838) Chamaepsylla hartigii (Flor, 1861) Material examined: Gomel’: 1♂, Zhitkovichi district, Pripyatskiy National Park, 20.x.1998, pine forest. – Minsk: 1♂, Logoysk district, Gayany, 28.vi.2005. – 2♂, 1♀, same but Minsk district, nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest, on conifers (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, bog, on Salix sp. Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, dry meadow, on Betula pendula. Cacopsylla pyri (Linnaeus, 1758) Records: Recorded from Belarus by Palyakova (1969), Gorlenko et al. (1988) as Psylla pyri. Cacopsylla pyrisuga (Foerster, 1848) Records: Recorded from Belarus by Palyakova (1969) as Psylla pyrisuga. Cacopsylla saliceti (Foerster, 1848) group Material examined: Grodno: 1♀, Iv’yev district, Naliboki pushcha, 2 km S Potashnya, 23.vi.2002, on Salix sp. – 1♀, same but 4.5 km E Malaya Chapun’, 28.ix.2002. – Minsk: 1♀, Minsk district, nr Kryzhovka station, 3.vi.2001, alder forest. – 1♀, same but Myadel’ district, Leytsy, 25.vi.2008. – 1♀, same but 0.5 km S Nikol’tsy, Gomza Dendrological Garden, 6.vii.2009, on Salix sp. (L. Serbina). Comment: Single females of this species group cannot be correctly identiﬁed to species. Psylla alni (Linnaeus, 1758) Material examined: Brest: 4♂, 2♀, Gantsevichi district, 3 km SE Borki, 23.vii.2005, pine forest. – Gomel’: 2♀, Zhitkovichi district, 1.5 km SW Novyye Milevichi, river Sluch’ ﬂoodplain, 4.viii.2004. – 3♂, 5♀, 2 km, same but SW Otskovannoye, 5.viii.2004. – Grodno: 1♀, Mosty district, 3.5 km NW Peski, river Zel’vyanka ﬂoodplain, 23.vi.2005. – 1♀, same but 24.vi.2005. – Minsk: 62♂, 66♀, Logoysk district, nr Gayany, roadside lowland, 28.vi.2004, on Alnus incana. – 1♀, same but Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004. – 3♂, 6♀, same but 0.5 km SW Matski, hill, meadow. – 3♂, 4♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001, bog. – 6♂, 3♀, same but 1.vii.2001, on Alnus sp. – 2♂, 4♀, same but river Udranka bank, nr bus stop, 2.vii.2008, on Alnus incana (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same but nr Naroch’, 3.vii.2009, on Alnus sp. – 2♀, same but Nesvizh district, park “Al’ba”, 29.vi.2004. – 2♂, 5♀, same but Volozhin district, Rakov, river Isloch’ ﬂoodplain, 28.vii.2004, on Alnus glutinosa. – Vitebsk: 1♂, Gorodok district, 0.3 km SW Zadrach’ye, river Zadrach bank, 7.vi.2000, on Alnus incana (S. Buga). Psylla betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) Material examined: Mogilev: 1♀, Klichev district, Razvadovo, 23.vii.1988, pine forest. Cacopsylla sorbi (Linnaeus, 1767) Psylla buxi (Linnaeus, 1758) Material examined: Minsk: 38♂, 32♀, Myadel’ district, Naroch’, nr Antonisberg, 28.vi.2005, on Sorbus sp. (A. Egiyan). Records: Recorded by Petrov et al. (2011), Petrov & Sautkin (2013) from the Minsk region. Cacopsylla ulmi (Foerster, 1848) Psylla fusca (Zetterstedt, 1828) Records: Recorded by Petrov (2011) from the south central region of the Belarusian Ridge. Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 26.vi.2002, dry meadow. – 28♂, 23♀, same but nr Gayany, downhill, 28.vi.2004, on Alnus incana. – 1♂, 1♀, same but Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Lekarovka, 7.vii.2004, dry meadow. – 5♂, 4♀, same but 0.5 km SW Matski, hill, meadow. – 1 adult without abdomen, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, station, 1.vii.2001. – 1♂, same but 2.vii.2001, on Alnus sp. – 1 adult without abdomen, same but 29.vii.2001, linden alley. – 20♂, 17♀, same but river Udranka bank, nr bus stop, 2.vii.2008, on Alnus incana (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same Material examined: Gomel’: 3♂, 3♀, Khoyniki district, Orevichi, Pripyatskiy National Park, 23.vii.1991, Malaise trap. – 6♂, 32♀, same but Polesskiy Natural Reserve, 21.viii.1991. – 1♀, same but Zhitkovichi district, Khvoyensk, truck patch, 14.vii.1999 (S. Buga). – Minsk: 1♂, Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, nr train station “Roshcha”, 15.vii.2009, on Ulmus sp. (L. Serbina). Jumping plant-lice of Belarus but Volozhin district, nr Kaldyki, 19.vii.2007, mixed forest, on Alnus sp. Triozidae Bactericera acutipennis (Zetterstedt, 1828) Material examined: Vitebsk: 3♂, 1♀, Dokshitsy district, nr station Krulevshizna, 20.x.2000, pine forest (L. Chumakov). 13 Trioza anthrisci Burckhardt, 1986 Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, 1♀, Minsk district, nr Tarasovo, nr Gardeners’ partnership Zvezdnoye, 29.ix.2013, on conifers (L. Serbina). – 1♀, same but Molodechno district, station Shipulichi, canal bank, 27.vi.2002. – Vitebsk: 1♂, Postavy district, lake Chetvert’ south bank, 10.vii.2005. Trioza apicalis Foerster, 1848 Bactericera curvatinervis (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Minsk district, nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest, on conifers (L. Serbina). – 1♂, 2♀, same but nr Tarasovo, nr Gardeners’ partnership Zvezdnoye, 29.ix.2013. – Vitebsk: 1♂, Dokshitsy district, nr station Krulevshizna, 20.x.2000, pine forest (L. Chumakov). Records: Recorded from Belarus by Sidlyarevich & Bolotnikova (1992). Trioza cerastii (Linnaeus, 1758) Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Volozhin district, nr Kaldyki, 11.vii.2007, mixed forest (L. Serbina). Trioza ﬂavipennis Foerster, 1848 Bactericera ? femoralis (Foerster, 1848) Material examined: Vitebsk: 1♀, Dokshitsy district, station Krulevshizna, 20.x.2000, pine forest (L. Chumakov). Comment: Due to the poor state of the specimen at hand the identiﬁcation is questionable and it could be also Bactericera acutipennis or B. bohemica. Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, 3♀, Minsk district, nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest, on conifers (L. Serbina). Trioza galii Foerster, 1848 Material examined: No locality data, 1♂ (S. Buga). Trioza proxima Flor, 1861 Bactericera reuteri (Šulc, 1913) Material examined: Gomel’: 2♂, Khoyniki district, Orevichi, Pripyatskiy National Park, 23.vii.1991, Malaise trap. Material examined: Minsk: 1♀, Minsk district, nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest, on conifers (L. Serbina). Bactericera striola (Flor, 1861) Trioza remota Foerster, 1848 Records: Recorded by Loginova (1962b) as Trioza striola from the Vitebsk region. Material examined: Gomel’: 4♀, Zhitkovichi district, Pripyatskiy National Park, 20.x.1998, pine forest (L. Chumakov). – Minsk: 2♂, 3♀, Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 26.ix.2013, on conifers (L. Serbina). Bactericera substriola Ossiannilsson, 1992 Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Minsk district, Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 4.vii.2002, on Salix sp. – 1♂, same but Molodechno district, station Shipulichi, river Zapadnaya Berezina bank, 27.vi.2002. Trichochermes walkeri (Foerster, 1848) Records: Recorded from Belarus by Petrov (2004). Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 29.vii.2001. Trioza urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) Material examined: Gomel’: 9♂, 10♀, Zhitkovichi district, Krasnosel’ye, Pripyatskiy National Park, 21.v.1991, Malaise trap. – 1♂, 6♀, same but Orevichi, 21.v.-18.vi.1991. – 8♂, 20♀, same but 23.vii.1991. – Minsk: 3♂, 3♀, Logoysk district, Kupalovskiy National Park, nr Besyady, river Udra ﬂoodplain, 26.vi.2002, on various plants including Urtica dioica. – 1♂, 1♀, same but Minsk district, nr train station Kryzhovka, river Poplav bank, 3.vi.2001, ﬂoodplain meadow. – 14 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin 1♂, same but nr Chirovichi, hill, 9.vi.2002, dry meadow. – 13♂, 4♀, same but Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 15.v.2008, on Urtica dioica (L. Serbina). – 1♂, same but 15.viii.2008. – 1 adult without abdomen, same but 25.vi.2009. – 2♂, 2♀, same but Botanical Garden (Minsk), 16.vii.2009. – 2♂, 14♀, same but Shchemyslitsy, Dubrava Natural Monument, 27.vii.2009. – 4♂, 2♀, same but 26.ix.2013, on conifers. – 1♂, 1♀, same but nr Aksakovshchina, Wildlife sanctuary Podsady, 28.ix.2013, mixed forest. – 1♂, same but nr Tarasovo, Gardeners’ partnership Zvezdnoye, 29.ix.2013. – 7♂, 3♀, same but on conifers. – 2♂, 7♀, same but Molodechno district, nr Vyazynka, 16.vi.2001. – 1♂, 1♀, same but 17.vi.2001, alder forest. – 3♂, 4♀, same but nr train station Shipulichi, river Zapadnaya Berezina bank, 27.vi.2002. – 1♀, same but nr Sitsevichi, riverbank, behind station, 18.v.2007. – 3♀, same but river Udranka bank, nr bus stop, 2.vii.2008 (L. Serbina). – 1♂, 1♀, same but Myadel’ district, nr Naroch’, 4.vii.2009, on Urtica dioica. – 8♂, 10♀, same but Volozhin district, nr Kaldyki, 11.vii.2007, mixed forest. – Vitebsk: 2♂, Dokshitsy district, Krulevshizna, 20.x.2000, pine forest (L. Chumakov). Trioza velutina Foerster, 1848 Material examined: Minsk: 1♂, Molodechno district, nr Sitsevichi, riverbank, behind station, 18.v.2007. spp. (Loginova, 1954, 1961, 1962a, b, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1972a, b), Lithuania 12 spp. (Vengeliauskaitė, 1974; Malumphy et al., 2009) and the former Livonia (now parts of Estonia and Latvia) 43 spp. (Flor, 1861) (Appendix 2). There are no published data available for the psyllid fauna from the North of Ukraine and it is, therefore, not included in Appendix 2. Based on the occurrence of their respective host-plants following additional species (not listed in Appendix 2) can be also expected to occur in Belarus: Aphalara longicaudata Wagner & Franz, 1961, A. polygoni Foerster, 1848, A. ulicis Foerster, 1848, Craspedolepta campestrella Ossiannilsson, 1987, C. innoxia (Foerster, 1848), Arytaina maculata (Löw, 1886), Cacopsylla afﬁnis (Löw, 1880), C. breviantennata (Flor, 1861), C. picta (Foerster, 1848), C. rhamnicola (Scott, 1876), C. rhododendri (Puton, 1871), Psylla betulaenanae Ossiannilsson, 1970, Trioza scottii Löw, 1880. To stimulate further research on Belarusian psyllids we provide here an illustrated identiﬁcation key for 127 species whose occurrence in the country has been documented or is likely given that they have been reported from adjacent countries (Appendix 2) or their host-plants occur in Belarus. Targeted ﬁeld work sampling on potential host-plant is necessary to ﬁnd also the more localised and rarer species. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Despite the fact that the psylloid fauna of Central and Eastern Europe is generally well studied (Gegechkori & Loginova, 1990; Klimaszewski, 1975), little is known from Belarus with only 12 recorded species one of which is doubtful, i.e. Aphalara polygoni (Loginova, 1961, 1962b; Palyakova, 1969; Byazdzenka et al., 1973; Gorlenko et al., 1988; Sidlyarevich & Bolotnikova, 1992; Petrov, 2004, 2011; Petrov et al., 2011; Petrov & Sautkin, 2013). Based on recent collections we conﬁrm the presence of 4 previously recorded species and add 43 species, bringing the number of conﬁrmed Belarusian psyllid species to 54. The majority of these are widely distributed in Europe and slightly more than half of them are associated with woody plants. The rest of the species is either introduced (Cacopsylla pulchella) or represents possible boreal elements (“peatbog” species as Cacopsylla ledi, Psylla betulae, Bactericera acutipennis). Craspedolepta crispati is rare and has been recorded from only a few countries (Lauterer & Burckhardt, 2004). The 54 species represent probably less than half of the number of species existing in the country by comparison with the surrounding countries: Poland 112 spp. (Klimaszewski, 1975; Głowacka, 1989, 1991; Głowacka & Migula, 1996; Drohojowska & Głowacka, 2011; Kuznetsova et al., 2012), Northwest Russia 47 We thank S. Buga, A. Egiyan, V. Karasev, E. Shestakov, L. Chumakov and Y. Gerashchenko for collecting part of the material discussed here. We are also grateful to L. Costeur, S. Buga, O. Nesterova and F. Sautkin for valuable advice to LS during her study. The critical comments and valuable suggestions on a previous manuscript draft by J. Hollier and I. Malenovsky are gratefully acknowledged. This study was partially funded by a grant of the Swiss Confederation (Federal Commission) to LS. REFERENCES Burckhardt D. 2004. Fauna Europaea: Psylloidea. 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Podotrjad Psyllinea (pp. 437-482). In: Bei-Bienko, G. Y. (eds.). Opredelitel‘ nasekomykh Evropeyskoy chasti SSSR. Nauka, Moscow, 1. 15 Loginova M.M. 1966. Fauna and biology of psyllids (Homoptera, Psylloidea) from Moldavian SSR. Trudy Moldavskogo NII sadovodstva, vinogradarstva i vinodeliya 13: 131-148. Loginova M.M. 1967. Review on palaearctic psyllids of the genus Psylla Geoffr. (Homoptera: Psylloidea), associated with willows. Annales Zoologici 24(7): 427-461. Loginova M.M. 1968. New data on the fauna and biology of the Caucasian Psylloidea (Homoptera). Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 52: 275-328. Loginova M.M. 1972a. Podotrjad Psylloidea – psillidy, ili listobloshki. Nasekomye i kleshchi – vrediteli sel‘skokhozyaystvennykh kul‘tur 1: 139-146. Loginova M.M. 1972b. The psyllids (Psylloidea, Homoptera) of the Mongolian People‘s Republic. Nasekomye Mongolii 1(1): 261-324. Malumphy C., Ostrauskas H., Pye D. 2009. 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Borodin APPENDIX 1 Identiﬁcation key to adult psyllids of Belarus (Cacopsylla merita and Eryngiofaga deserta are not included in the key as their occurrence in Belarus is unlikely). 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 8 – 9 – 10 – 11 – 12 – 13 – 14 – Vein R+M+Cu of forewing bifurcating into veins R and M+Cu (Fig. 1)................................................................ 2 Vein R+M+Cu of forewing trifurcating into veins R, M and Cu. – Triozidae (Fig. 2) ......................................... 84 Metacoxa slender with ﬂattened, tubercular meracanthus. On Acer – Aphalaridae, Rhinocolinae .......................... ....................................................................................................................................................... Rhinocola aceris Metacoxa massive with distinct, spur-shaped meracanthus .................................................................................... 3 Vertex longer than wide. Segment 2 the longest antennal segment. On monocots (Carex, Juncus). – Liviidae, Liviinae, Livia ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Vertex shorter than wide. Segment 3 the longest antennal segment. On dicots ...................................................... 6 Vertex, in dorsal view, forming narrowly rounded anterior lobes with deep median cleft between lobes. Forewing short, oval, with evenly curved anterior margin, bearing indistinct dots in apical half. On Juncus........ Livia junci Vertex, in dorsal view, forming broadly rounded anterior lobes with shallow indentation between lobes. Forewing longer, oblong oval or rhomboidal, in the middle with almost straight anterior margin, pattern different. On Carex........................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Forewing with subparallel fore and hind margins, without dark band along apical and anal margin. On Carex ..... ...................................................................................................................................................... Livia crefeldensis Forewing widening towards apical third, with broad dark band along apical and anal margin. On Carex .............. ............................................................................................................................................................. Livia limbata Basal spine of metabia always absent; apical metatibial spurs spaced in equal intervals, forming open crown; if grouped, then vertex ﬂattened and rectangular with anterior lobes, or evenly passing into genae ......................... 7 Basal spine of metatibia often developed; apical metatibial spurs always grouped. Head with distinct, though sometimes small, genal processes. – Psyllidae, Psyllinae ..................................................................................... 37 Head bearing genal processes. On Fraxinus – Liviidae, Euphyllurinae, Psyllopsis ............................................... 8 Head without genal processes, genae rounded anteriorly...................................................................................... 11 Body green, forewing lacking dark pattern. Paramere axe-shaped (Fig. 3). Female proctiger distal to circumanal ring abruptly tapered (Fig. 4)..................................................................................................Psyllopsis fraxinicola Body with dark areas, forewing with dark veins and more or less expanded dark pattern. Male and female terminalia different. .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Forewing lacking continuous marginal band apically; membrane dark at apices of veins M and Cu, in the middle of vein Cu1a and along vein Cu1b (Fig. 5). Thorax yellow-orange, dark brown dorsally. Paramere, in proﬁle, hammer-shaped with large anteriorly directed lobe (Fig. 6). Apex of female proctiger broad (Fig. 7). .......................... ................................................................................................................................................ Psyllopsis discrepans Forewing with dark band along apical margin stretching from fore to hind margin (Figs 8, 11). Thorax yellow with brown or black pattern. Paramere, in proﬁle, with posteriorly directed lobe (Figs 9, 12). Apex of female proctiger narrow (Figs 10, 13) .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Forewing pattern very dark, extended and well-delimited (Fig. 8). Paramere with large rectangular posterior lobe (Fig. 9). Female proctiger with slight hump distal to circumanal ring (Fig. 10). ................Psyllopsis distinguenda Forewing pattern slightly lighter, more reduced, often forming only narrow band, and less clearly delimited towards interior (Fig. 11). Paramere with small triangular posterior lobe (Fig. 12). Female proctiger straight or concave distal to circumanal ring (Fig. 13). ................................................................................................Psyllopsis fraxini Metabasitarsus without black spurs. On Populus – Liviidae, Liviinae .............................Camarotoscena speciosa Metabasitarsus with 2 black spurs ......................................................................................................................... 12 Male proctiger without posterior lobes (Fig. 14). ALHW always < 1.0. On Calluna vulgaris. – Liviidae, Euphyllurinae .............................................................................................................................................Strophingia ericae Male proctiger with long, wing-like posterior lobes. ALHW often > 1.0. – Aphalaridae, Aphalarinae................ 13 Vertex with distinct angular anterior lobes which are separated by narrow transverse groove from genae. Clypeus more or less distinctly protruding from lower head surface. – Aphalara .............................................................. 14 Vertex with weakly developed anterior lobes, smoothly passing into genae. Clypeus short, pressed against lower head surface, not strongly protruding from genae. – Craspedolepta .................................................................... 24 Forewing with dark pattern consisting of well-deﬁned spots or patches. Apical dilatation of aedeagus with large dorso-apical membranous sack. Circumanal ring of female proctiger never expanded caudally ......................... 15 Forewing without well-deﬁned dark pattern but sometimes infuscate. Apical dilatation of aedeagus without or with small dorso-apical membranous sack. Circumanal ring on female proctiger usually expanded caudally (exceptions A. longicaudata, A. purpurascens) ........................................................................................................................ 17 Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 15 – 16 – 17 – 18 – 19 – 20 – 21 – 22 – 23 – 24 – 25 – 26 – 27 – 28 – 29 – 30 – 31 – 32 17 Clypeus long, clearly visible from above; cylindrical, constricted subapically. Forewing narrow, with dark patches concentrated in apical third, basal half clear. On Polygonum ............................................ Aphalara maculipennis Clypeus short, not or hardly visible from above; conical, apically blunt or subacute. Forewing broad, with dark patches extending also into basal half ................................................................................................................... 16 Surface spinules of forewing forming short rows of 2-4 spinules (Fig. 15). Paramere produced apico-posteriorly (Fig. 17). On Rumex .........................................................................................................................Aphalara exilis Surface spinules of forewing forming longer rows (Fig. 16). Paramere not produced apico-posteriorly (Fig. 18). On Rumex ...............................................................................................................................................Aphalara ulicis Head and thorax dark brown or black. On Stellaria graminea ...................................................... Aphalara afﬁnis Head and thorax ochreous with orange or brownish markings ............................................................................. 18 Forewing with surface spinules arranged in irregular, transverse rows (Figs 19, 22-23)...................................... 19 Surface spinules of forewing arranged in irregular squares or rhombi (Figs 24-26) ............................................ 22 Paramere with posterior extension apically (Fig. 20). Female terminalia long (Fig. 21). On Polygonum bistorta .. ............................................................................................................................................. Aphalara longicaudata Paramere not extented postero-apically. Female terminalia shorter ...................................................................... 20 Body dimensions large (length from head to apex of forewing when folded over body ≥ 2.9 mm). Forewing membrane amber-coloured, surface spinules arranged in very dense, transverse rows (Fig. 22). On Caltha .................. .......................................................................................................................................................Aphalara calthae Body dimensions small (≤ 3.2 mm). Forewing membrane colourless or fumose, surface spinules arranged in sparse rows (Fig. 23) ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 Circumanal ring caudally consisting of several rows of pores. On Polygonum, Rumex ............ Aphalara polygoni Circumanal ring caudally consisting of two rows of pores. On Rumex ............................. Aphalara purpurascens Male paramere with anterior ﬁnger-like process situated subapically (Fig. 27). Aedeagus as in Fig. 28. Female terminalia as in Fig. 29. On Polygonum ...................................................................................... Aphalara borealis Male paramere with anterior ﬁnger-like process situated close to apex (Figs 30, 33). Aedeagus as in Figs 31, 34. Female terminalia as in Figs 32, 35 ....................................................................................................................... 23 Tip of distal portion of aedeagus directed in an angle of about 30° to longitudinal axis of segment (Fig. 31). On Polygonum aviculare group ..................................................................................................... Aphalara avicularis Tip of distal portion of aedeagus directed in an angle of about 90° to longitudinal axis of segment (Fig. 34). On Polygonum ..........................................................................................................................................Aphalara freji Forewing with pattern consisting of well-deﬁned, dark spots of 10-30 μm diameter ........................................... 25 Forewing without pattern, or with pattern consisting of dark bands, or membrane irregularly infuscate ............ 29 Body bearing macroscopic setae which often are covered in wax and thus resemble scales. On Artemisia abrotanum .....................................................................................................................................Craspedolepta alevtinae Body lacking macroscopic setae............................................................................................................................ 26 Forewing with surface spinules completely covering membrane (Fig. 36). Terminalia as in Figs 41-42. On Artemisia................................................................................................................................. Craspedolepta artemisiae Forewing with surfaces spinules forming hexagonal pattern (Figs 37-38) ........................................................... 27 Forewing with dark spots densely spaced, partly conﬂuent in apical part. On Artemisia campestris ...................... ......................................................................................................................................Craspedolepta campestrella Forewing with dark spots sparsely spaced, not conﬂuent in apical part of wing (Figs 39-40) ............................. 28 Dark spots on forewing dark brown or almost black; surface spinules relatively sparsely spaced (Fig. 37). Terminalia as in Figs 43-44. On Artemisia vulgaris ..........................................................................Craspedolepta latior Dark spots on forewing pale to yellow brown; surface spinules relatively dense (Fig. 38). Terminalia as in Figs 45-46. On Artemisia absinthum, A. maritima ................................................................ Craspedolepta malachitica Male paramere with large apical triangular posterior lobe, and subapical anterior process which is very long and directed backwards (Fig. 47). Female proctiger ending in two points (Fig. 48). On Chamerion ............................. ...................................................................................................................................... Craspedolepta subpunctata Male paramere, in proﬁle, club-shaped, or if triangular, then anterior process not directed backwards (Figs 50, 53, 57, 61, 63, 65-66). Female proctiger ending in a single point ............................................................................... 30 Body length from head to apex of forewing when folded over body < 3.2 mm ................................................... 31 Body length > 3.5 mm ........................................................................................................................................... 35 Forewing without dark patches or stripes .............................................................................................................. 32 Forewing with yellow to brown patches or stripes ................................................................................................ 33 Surface spinules of forewing arranged in irregular transverse rows (Fig. 49). Male paramere with large triangular apex and long straight anterior process on inner surface (Fig. 50). Female proctiger more than 4 times longer than pore ring length (Fig. 51). On Daucus..................................................................................Craspedolepta innoxia 18 – 33 – 34 – 35 – 36 – 37 – 38 – 39 – 40 – 41 – 42 – 43 – 44 – 45 – 46 – L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Surface spinules of forewing widely spaced, sometimes partially reduced not forming transverse rows (Fig. 52). Male paramers club-shaped, with short, claw-like anterior process (Fig. 53). Female proctiger less than 4 times as long as pore ring length (Fig. 54). On Artemisia vulgaris .................................................... Craspedolepta omissa Forewing pattern with dark brown, well-delimited patches forming bands along outer margin and in the middle stretching between the apices of veins R1 and Cu1b, and a spot in cell cu2 (Fig. 55). Male proctiger with broad winglike posterior processes lacking a basal hook (Fig. 56). Paramere as in Fig. 57. Female subgenital plate suddenly narrowed subapically (Fig. 58). On Chamerion .................................................................Craspedolepta nebulosa Forewing pattern ochreous to brown, forming bands along the veins in apical half or a band along wing margin. Male proctiger with narrow single-like processes bearing a basal hook. Paramere different, with rounded to angular apical dilatation. Female subgenital plate evenly tapered ................................................................................ 34 Antenna usually 8-segmented. Forewing pattern distinct, restricted to narrow stripes along veins in apical half (Fig. 59). Terminalia as in Figs 61-62. On Achillea ............................................................Craspedolepta nervosa Antenna usually 10-segmented. Forewing pattern forming a band along outer wing margin (Fig. 60). Terminalia as in Figs 63-64. On Achillea .................................................................................................Craspedolepta bulgarica Anterior margin of vertex strongly indented in the middle with two distinct tubercles anteriorly; antero-lateral margin of vertex dorsal of antennal insertion distinctly concave. Forewing yellowish to brownish ochreous. On Leontodon ........................................................................................................................Craspedolepta ﬂavipennis Anterior margin of vertex weakly indented in the middle with two indistinct tubercles anteriorly; antero-lateral margin of vertex dorsal of antennal insertion more or less straight. Forewing semitransparent to whitish. ......... 36 Forewing veins dark brown, membrane light, sometimes with light brownish spots or brownish tinge apically. Paramere stalk robust, apical spoon-like part shorter and rounded as in Fig. 65. Female terminalia as in Fig. 67. On Senecio integrifolius ............................................................................................................. Craspedolepta crispati Forewing veins concolorous with membrane, membrane with yellowish tinge and brownish dots in apical third. Paramere stalk slender, apical spoon-like part longer and subangular as in Fig. 66. Female terminalia as in Fig. 68. On Leontodon .........................................................................................................................Craspedolepta sonchi Metabasitarsus with only one outer black spur, rarely also with much smaller inner spur. Propleurites divided by vertical suture ........................................................................................................................................................ 38 Metabasitarsus with two well-developed black spurs which are subequal in size. Propleurites divided by diagonal suture ..................................................................................................................................................................... 44 Either genal processes longer than vertex, or length ratio of veins Cu / Cu1b of forewing 0.9-1.1. Paramere usually slender. – Livilla .................................................................................................................................................... 39 Character combination different ............................................................................................................................ 41 Forewing oval, strongly convex, coriaceous. On Cytisus, Genista .......................................................Livilla ulicis Forewing oblong oval, ﬂat, membranous (Figs 69-70) ......................................................................................... 40 Forewing long and narrow, branches of vein M forming an acute angle, pattern as in Fig. 69. On Genista ........... ......................................................................................................................................................... Livilla horvathi Forewing short and broad, branches of vein M forming a right angle, pattern as in Fig. 70. On Chamaecytisus, Cytisus ................................................................................................................................................Livilla radiata Forewing broadest in apical third, lacking colour pattern. Paramere very slender, curved caudad, digitiform apically. Dorsal margin of female proctiger, in proﬁle, concave. On Cytisus scoparius .........Arytainilla spartiophila Forewing broadest in the middle or in basal third, with conspicuous brown pattern. Paramere broader, parallel-sided, in proﬁle, truncate apically with large, forward pointing apical tooth. Dorsal margin of female proctiger, in proﬁle, straight. – Arytaina................................................................................................................................ 42 Forewing broadest in the middle, fore margin relatively ﬂat. Paramere broad, dorsal margin distinctly concave. On Cytisus, Genista ............................................................................................................................ Arytaina genistae Forewing broadest in basal third, fore margin strongly curved. Paramere narrow, dorsal margin weakly convex. On Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis...................................................................................................... Arytaina maculata Antennal segment 9 longer than 10 ....................................................................................................................... 44 Antennal segment 9 shorter than 10 ...................................................................................................................... 48 Genal processes short and broad. Forewing with costal break and pterostigma developed; membrane yellow, veins concolorous. Dorsal margin of female proctiger serrate in apical third. On Alnus ..................Baeopelma foersteri Character combination different. – Psylla ............................................................................................................. 45 Forewing with cell cu1 almost as high as long; membrane yellowish, veins concolorous, yellow or green. On Buxus .......................................................................................................................................................Psylla buxi Forewing with cell cu1 at most 1.5 times as long as high. On Betulaceae ............................................................ 46 Forewing lacking costal break and pterostigma. On Alnus ................................................................... Psylla fusca Forewing bearing costal break and pterostigma .................................................................................................... 47 Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 47 – 48 – 49 – 50 – 51 – 52 – 53 – 54 – 55 – 56 – 57 – 58 – 59 – 60 – 61 – 62 – 63 19 Genal processes short, rounded. Forewing with dark brown or black veins in apical two thirds. On Alnus ............ ..................................................................................................................................................................Psylla alni Genal processes longer, conical. Forewing veins paler. On Betula ....................................................................... 48 Body length, including forewings when folded over the body, longer than 3.5 mm in males and 4.1 mm in females. Forewing colourless or with yellow tinge. On Betula ........................................................................ Psylla betulae Body length, including forewings when folded over the body, shorter than 3.7 mm in males and females. Forewing amber-coloured. On Betula.......................................................................................................Psylla betulaenanae Metatibia with 4 apical spurs. On Betula. .............................................................................Chamaepsylla hartigii Metatibia with 5 apical spurs. – Cacopsylla .......................................................................................................... 50 Dorsal surface spinules in cell r2 of forewing above bifurcation of vein M arranged in squares or rhombi of about 20 μm length; surface spinules in cell c+sc restricted to apical portion of cell or entirely reduced; surface spinules reduced in basal part of r2, at most a few spinules present; ﬁelds of surface spinules tapering along apical wing margin; forewing membrane always colourless; pterostigma oblong cuneate, evenly tapering. Antenna shorter than 1.75 mm, if longer, then forewing longer than 3 mm. Male paramere simple, lamellar. Female terminalia short, cuneate ................................................................................................................................................................... 51 Forewing spinulation different, or wing membrane yellowish or brownish, or pterostigma elongate with subparallel margins. If antenna longer than 1.75 mm, then forewing shorter than 3.0 mm. Male paramere often complex. Female terminalia different.................................................................................................................................... 54 Antenna shorter than 1.2 mm. On Crataegus ......................................................................... Cacopsylla peregrina Antenna longer than 1.3 mm ................................................................................................................................. 52 Antenna longer than 1.75 mm. On Ulmus .......................................................................................Cacopsylla ulmi Antenna shorter than 1.55 mm .............................................................................................................................. 53 Antennal segments 4-8 with black apex. On Sorbus ......................................................................Cacopsylla sorbi Antennal segments 4-8 with yellow or ochreous apex. On Malus ..................................................Cacopsylla mali Dorsal surface spinules of forewing in cell r2 above bifurcation of vein M irregularly, densely spaced (2-10 μm) or arranged in transverse rows ................................................................................................................................... 55 Dorsal surface spinules of forewing forming more or less even squares or rhombi of 20 μm distance in cell r2 above bifurcation of vein M ............................................................................................................................................. 62 Surface spinules arranged in transverse rows ........................................................................................................ 56 Surface spinules densely, irregularly spaced ......................................................................................................... 58 Paramere, in proﬁle, with large basal lobe. Dorsal margin of female proctiger straight or weakly convex. On Salix .......................................................................................................................................Cacopsylla elegantula Paramere, in proﬁle, lamellar with anteriorly directed apical tooth. Dorsal margin of female proctiger sinuous. On Salix ....................................................................................................................................................................... 57 Thorax brown, abdomen green. Terminalia ochreous or brown. On Salix .........................Cacopsylla abdominalis Body colour evenly light or reddish. On Salix ..................................................................... Cacopsylla intermedia Forewing with an apical dark brown band or completely brown to dark brown................................................... 59 Forewing light, at most yellow or ochreous .......................................................................................................... 60 Forewing bearing dark band apically (Fig. 71). Metatibia without genual spine. Male subgenital plate bearing apical tubercular extension (Fig. 72). Female proctiger and subgenital plate ending in thorn-like processes (Fig. 75). On Sorbus ...................................................................................................................... Cacopsylla breviantennata Forewing irregulary dark without distinct apical ribbon (Fig. 73). Metatibia with genual spine. Male subgenital plate rounded apically (Fig. 74). Female proctiger and subgenital plate evenly tapering in proﬁle (Fig. 76). On Prunus............................................................................................................................................ Cacopsylla pruni Forewing bearing ventral surface spinules in cell c+sc. Surface spinules on forewing very densely arranged. On Salix ..........................................................................................................................................Cacopsylla ambigua Ventral surface spinules lacking in cell c+sc. Surface spinules on forewing more sparsely arranged. ................. 61 Forewing oval, widest in the middle; wing apex near apex of vein M1+2. Antenna shorter than 1.0 mm. On Salix repens and S. rosmarinifolia ................................................................................................Cacopsylla parvipennis Forewing widest in apical third; wing apex at the middle of outer margin of cell r2. Antenna longer than 1.0 mm. On Salix ................................................................................................................................................. Cacopsylla ﬂori Forewing bearing dark brown patches on tips of veins, at the bifurcation of vein M, and in the middle of vein Cu1a. On Cercis siliquastrum ............................................................................................................Cacopsylla pulchella Forewing pattern different ..................................................................................................................................... 63 Dorsal surface spinules covering entire cell c+sc of forewing apart from stripes along veins; forming extended ﬁelds in other cells which taper towards wing margin; membrane colourless or fumate but never with brown, strongly contrasting stripe along vein Cu1b............................................................................................................ 64 20 – 64 – 65 – 66 – 67 – 68 – 69 – 70 – 71 – 72 – 73 – 74 – 75 – 76 – 77 – 78 – 79 – 80 – 81 – 82 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Dorsal surface spinules of forewing more or less reduced, or not tapering towards wing margin, or wing pattern consisting with dark, strongly contrasted stripe along vein Cu1b........................................................................... 67 Antenna usually longer than 1.2 mm. Genal processes broad and blunt. Paramere broad, lanceolate (Fig. 77). Dorsal margin of female proctiger, in proﬁle, weakly sinuous, apex narrowly rounded (Fig. 78). On Pyrus ................ ..................................................................................................................................................Cacopsylla pyrisuga Antenna usually shorter than 1.1 mm. Paramere narrow or with apical processes. Dorsal margin of female proctiger concave in the middle, or apex truncate .......................................................................................................... 65 Paramere, in proﬁle, with square base bearing 2 apical processes (Fig. 79). Dorsal margin of female proctiger, distal of circumanal ring, evenly concave; apex rounded (Fig. 80). On Malus.............................. Cacopsylla picta Paramere, in proﬁle, elongate; apex with inward and forward pointing tooth. Dorsal margin of female proctiger raised in the middle; apex angular ......................................................................................................................... 66 Paramere long, in proﬁle, narrowed in the middle. Apex of distal segment of aedeagus weakly curved (Fig. 81). On Crataegus.......................................................................................................................... Cacopsylla melanoneura Paramere short, in proﬁle, evenly tapering from base to apex. Apex of distal segment of aedeagus strongly curved, hook-shaped (Fig. 82). On Crataegus ..........................................................................................Cacopsylla afﬁnis Forewing with ﬁelds of surface spinules tapered along apical wing margin; membrane bearing dark brown patch along vein Cu1b (Figs 83-84).................................................................................................................................. 68 Character combination different ............................................................................................................................ 69 Areas of radular spinules of cells m1, m2 and cu1 of forewing light; dark patch along vein Cu1b not reaching bifurcation of Cu, not narrowed in proximal half (Fig. 83); surface spinules forming extended ﬁelds in cells c+sc and r1. On Sorbus ....................................................................................................................................Cacopsylla albipes Areas of radular spinules of cells m1, m2 and cu1 of forewing more or less dark; dark patch along vein Cu1b reaching bifurcation of Cu, straight in proximal half (Fig. 84); surface spinules reduced in cells c+sc and r1. On Crataegus. ...................................................................................................................................................Cacopsylla crataegi Surface spinules of forewing forming very narrow ﬁelds. On Rhamnus ............................ Cacopsylla rhamnicola Surface spinules of forewing forming extended ﬁelds .......................................................................................... 70 Forewing with ﬁelds of surface spinules tapering towards apical margin; clavus with brown apex. ................... 71 Character combination different ............................................................................................................................ 72 Paramere sickle-shaped (Fig. 85). Female proctiger strongly narrowed in the middle (Fig. 86). On Pyrus............. ..........................................................................................................................................................Cacopsylla pyri Paramere lamellar (Fig. 87). Female proctiger cuneate (Fig. 88). On Pyrus ............................Cacopsylla pyricola Antenna longer than 1.6 mm ................................................................................................................................. 73 Antenna shorter than 1.3 mm ................................................................................................................................ 75 Metatibia with 1+1+(2-3)+1 sclerotised apical spurs. Antennal segments 3-7 yellowish or ochreous with dark brown apex. Fields of surface spinules tapering along apical wing margin. On Viscum ................Cacopsylla visci Character combination different ............................................................................................................................ 74 Body colour dark brown. Paramere with short, angular apical, sclerotised apex (Fig. 89). Valvula 2 of female terminalia with straight ventral margin (Fig. 91). On Hippophae .............................................Cacopsylla zetterstedti Body colour green or yellow. Paramere with long, curved apical, sclerotised apex (Fig. 90). Valvula 2 of female terminalia with concave ventral margin (Fig. 92) On Hippophae ....................................... Cacopsylla hippophaes Pterostigma cuneate, broad and short, with converging margins ending in the middle of vein Rs; wing membrane yellowish or ochreous, veins ochreous or light brown .......................................................................................... 76 Pterostigma long and narrow, with subparallel margins ending in apical third of vein Rs; wing membrane colourless or dark, veins light or dark.............................................................................................................................. 79 Fore margin of forewing relatively straight. On Rhododendron. .......................................Cacopsylla rhododendri Fore margin of forewing strongly curved .............................................................................................................. 77 Surface spinules entirely covering cell c+sc of forewing. On Vaccinium .................................. Cacopsylla myrtilli Surface spinules absent from basal third of cell c+sc of forewing ........................................................................ 78 On Vaccinium myrtillus ......................................................................................................... Cacopsylla fraudatrix On Ledum palustre ........................................................................................................................... Cacopsylla ledi Male paramere bearing subapical lobe along hind margin .................................................................................... 80 Male paramere lacking subapical lobe along hind margin .................................................................................... 82 Paramere lacking basal lobe at hind margin. On Salix. ..........................................................Cacopsylla moscovita Paramere bearing basal lobe at hind margin .......................................................................................................... 81 Basal lobe at hind margin of paramere not incised dorsally. On Salix. .......................................Cacopsylla saliceti Basal lobe at hind margin of paramere strongly incised dorsally. On Salix. ............................Cacopsylla iteophila Apex of paramere forming simple, backwards directed sclerotised tooth. On Salix ................ Cacopsylla pulchra Jumping plant-lice of Belarus – 83 – 84 – 85 – 86 – 87 – 88 – 89 – 90 – 91 – 92 – 93 – 94 – 95 – 96 21 Apex of paramere with two strongly sclerotised teeth .......................................................................................... 83 Paramere, in rear view, with a tooth in apical third; in proﬁle, as in Fig. 93. On Salix............................................. ........................................................................................................................................ Cacopsylla brunneipennis Paramere, in rear view, with lobe in the middle of inner margin; in proﬁle, as in Fig. 94. On Salix ........................ ..................................................................................................................................................... Cacopsylla nigrita Metatibia with 1+3 sclerotised apical spurs .......................................................................................................... 85 Metatibia with 1+2 sclerotised apical spurs ........................................................................................................ 107 Forewing with extended dark pattern consisting of small points; fore margin straight to concave between apices of veins Rs and M1+2 (Fig. 95). On Rhamnus cathartica .......................................................... Trichochermes walkeri Forewing pattern different; fore margin convex. – Trioza p.p. ............................................................................. 86 Forewing short and broad, angular apically; branching of vein M distinctly distal to Rs–Cu1a line. Antennal colour strongly contrasted, segment 3 light, segments 4-10 dark. .................................................................................... 87 Forewing elongate, sometimes rounded apically; Rs–Cu1a line proximal to or on branching of vein M. Antennal colour variable. ...................................................................................................................................................... 89 Genal processes short. Paramere, in proﬁle, strongly narrowed in apical quarter, forming anterior tubercle and posterior process (Fig. 96). Female subgenital plate truncate apically, consequently strongly convex dorsally (Fig. 97). Terminal setae on antennal segment 10 subequal. On Valerianella .......................................Trioza centranthi Genal processes long. Male paramere in apical quarter regularly narrowing to apex (Figs 98, 100). Female subgenital plate evenly tapering to apex, dorsal margin almost straight (Figs 99, 101). Terminal setae on antennal segment 10 strongly unequal. .............................................................................................................................................. 88 Forewing without surface spinules. Male paramere robust, angular apically; distal portion of aedeagus with large apical hook (Fig. 98); female subgenital plate, in proﬁle, with obtuse apex (Fig. 99). On Galium and other Rubiaceae ......................................................................................................................................................... Trioza galii Forewing with surface spinules. Male paramere slender, curved apically (Fig. 100); female subgenital plate, in proﬁle, with small sharp tooth at apex (Fig. 101). On Galium. ........................................................ Trioza velutina Forewing with surface spinules present at most in cell cu2. Male paramere long and slender, lamellar (Fig. 102). Female terminalia long, dorsal margin of proctiger more or less straight (Fig. 103). On Urtica ...... Trioza urticae Forewing with surface spinules present in all cells, covering smaller or larger areas........................................... 90 Terminal antennal setae strongly differing in length, both distinctly shorter than antennal segment 10; shorter seta very short, stout and truncate apically. Axes of genal processes diverging forward; genal processes relatively massive and blunt, evenly narrowed. Body orange to reddish, sometimes brownish to black .................................... 91 Terminal antennal setae different; axes of genal processes parallel, or genal processes slender and pointed or fusiform, or body yellowish or greenish...................................................................................................................... 94 Surface spinules of forewing spaced at 5-10 μm intervals or forming transverse rows in the middle of cell r2 at level of branching of vein M, never reduced along outer wing margin. Male paramere basally robust (Fig. 104), female terminalia short with proctiger, in proﬁle, dorsally straight (Fig. 105). On Hieracium ...................Trioza proxima Surface spinules of forewing forming regular rectangles or rhombes of 15-10 μm distance, sometimes reduced along outer wing margin. Terminalia different ...................................................................................................... 92 Male paramere with weak subapical constriction. Female proctiger cuneate, regularly tapering to apex, short, about twice as long as circumanal ring. On Mycelis ..................................................................................Trioza foersteri Male paramere with strong subapical constriction (Fig. 106, 108). Female terminalia different ......................... 93 Male paramere about as long as or longer than proctiger, apical portion bent inwards and weakly backwards (Fig. 106). FPHW less than 0.8, proctiger truncate apically (Fig. 107). On Taraxacum ............................. Trioza dispar Male paramere shorter than proctiger or apical portion straight, directed upwards (Fig. 108). FPHW more than 0.8, proctiger regularly narrowed apically (Fig. 109). On Hieracium.....................................................Trioza tatrensis Surface spinules of forewing in cell r2 at level of branching of vein M densely spaced in a distance of 6-12 μm ... ............................................................................................................................................................................... 95 Surface spinules of forewing in cell r2 at level of branching of vein M arranged in regular rectangles or rhombi in a distance of 10-20 μm .......................................................................................................................................... 97 Forewing distinctly angular apically; vein Cu much more than twice as long as Cu1b, cell cu1 ﬂat. Male paramere slender in apical half; apex turned backwards. Female proctiger blunt apically. On Aegopodium ........................... ......................................................................................................................................................Trioza ﬂavipennis Forewing irregularly rounded apically; vein Cu at most slightly more than twice as long as Cu1b, cell cu1 high. Male paramere massive in apical half; apex turned inwards or forwards (Fig. 110). Female proctiger pointed apically (Fig. 111) ............................................................................................................................................................... 96 Male parameres with large antero-basal lobe. Distal aedeagal segment with large apical hook. Female subgenital plate short, truncate apically. Lateral abdominal setae present on tergites 3 and 4 in males, and 4 and 5 in females. 22 – 97 – 98 – 99 – 100 – 101 – 102 – 103 – 104 – 105 – 106 – 107 – 108 – 109 – 110 – 111 – 112 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Relative lengths of terminal antennal segment : shorter terminal antennal seta : longer terminal antennal seta = 1.0 : 0.4 : 0.7. On Cardamine, Stellaria .............................................................................................. Trioza rotundata Male parameres without distinct antero-basal lobe. Distal aedeagal segment with short hook. Female subgenital plate long, pointed apically. Lateral abdominal setae present on tergites 3 in males, 4 in females. Relative lengths of terminal antennal segment : shorter terminal antennal seta : longer terminal antennal seta = 1.0 : 0.3 : 0.8. On Valerianella tripteridis....................................................................................................................Trioza tripteridis Forewing with very long, sinuous vein Rs; membrane transparent, colourless, wing margin with dark dots at intersections of veins and near radular spinules. One terminal antennal seta less than three times shorter than the other seta. On Rhamnus .............................................................................................................................. Trioza rhamni Combination of characters different ...................................................................................................................... 98 Body almost completely dark brown or black ....................................................................................................... 99 Body green, yellow or reddish; sometimes thorax dark but abdomen green ...................................................... 100 Forewing membrane dirty whitish. Apex of paramere pointing forwards. Female proctiger truncate apically. On Saxifraga....................................................................................................................................... Trioza saxifragae Forewing membrane ochreous. Apex of paramere pointing backwards. Female proctiger subacute apically. On Astrantia major ............................................................................................................................... Trioza schrankii Body straw-coloured or ochreous. Paramere simple, broadly lamellar. Female proctiger short, about twice as long as circumanal ring. On Rumex scutatus ............................................................................................. Trioza rumicis Body green, light yellow, sometimes thorax brown. Paramere with inner process or with broad base and narrow apical portion. Female proctiger about three times as long as circumanal ring .................................................. 101 Forewing broadly irregularly rounded apically. Male proctiger with posterior lobe; paramere with inner process (Fig. 112). On Cerastium ....................................................................................................................Trioza cerastii Forewing angular apically. Male proctiger without posterior lobe; paramere without inner process ................. 102 Body always, also in overwintered specimens, yellow or green, never yellowish orange, or with brown to black spots ..................................................................................................................................................................... 103 Body never exclusively yellow or green; either yellow-orange or with brown to black spots ........................... 105 Antennal segments 6-8 brown. Basal portion of male paramere with distinct antero-apical tubercle (Fig. 113). Female proctiger, in proﬁle, with weakly sinuous dorsal margin (Fig. 114). On Cirsium .................... Trioza cirsii Antennal segments 6-8 light. Male and female terminalia different ................................................................... 104 Basal portion of male paramere angled antero-apically. Female terminalia long. On Cirsium......Trioza agrophila Basal portion of male paramere oblique antero-apically. Female terminalia short. On Senecio ...Trioza senecionis Postero-apical process of paramere very slender and straight. Female subgenital plate much shorter than proctiger. On Chrysanthemum ................................................................................................................. Trioza chrysanthemi Postero-apical process of paramere wider and curved. Female subgenital plate about as long as proctiger ...... 106 Paramere with very small anterior lobe (Fig. 115). Female subgenital plate slender apically. On Achillea ............. ................................................................................................................................................... Trioza abdominalis Paramere with large anterior lobe. Female subgenital plate massive apically. On Knautia ............... Trioza munda Branching of vein M of forewing distinctly distal to Rs–Cu1a line; vein Rs straight or concavely curved to fore margin; forewing angular apically ....................................................................................................................... 108 Branching of vein M of forewing proximal to or about on Rs–Cu1a line, or vein Rs sinuate, or apex of forewing broadly rounded ................................................................................................................................................... 110 Genal processes short. Forewing very narrow with low cell cu1; surface spinules absent. Male paramere narrow (Fig. 116); female terminalia as in Fig. 117. On Laurus .....................................................................Trioza alacris Genal processes longer. Forewing broader; cell cu1 higher; surface spinules present or absent. Male paramere broad, female terminalia different ....................................................................................................................... 109 Large species, forewing longer than 2.65 mm. Surface spinules of forewing always present. Terminalia as in Figs 118-119. On Quercus .......................................................................................................................... Trioza remota Small species, forewing shorter than 2.6 mm. Surface spinules present or absent. Terminalia different. On Amaranthaceae ......................................................................................................................................... Trioza chenopodii Body green or yellow .......................................................................................................................................... 111 Body colour different........................................................................................................................................... 113 Antennal segments 4-6 yellow or light ochreous; apical two or three dark segments strongly contrasting with the lighter more basal segments. On Apiaceae ........................................................................................ Trioza apicalis Antennal segments 4-6 dark ochreous or light brown; antennal segments gradually becoming darker from segment 3 to apex............................................................................................................................................................... 112 Paramere with short dorsal projection and narrow anterior lobe (Fig. 120). Female subgenital plate with terminal process forming a long parallel sided projection (Fig. 121). On Anthriscus and other Apiaceae ... Trioza anthrisci Jumping plant-lice of Belarus – 113 – 114 – 115 – 116 – 117 – 118 – 119 – 120 – 121 – 122 – 123 – 124 – 125 – 126 – 23 Paramere with long dorsal projection and narrow anterior lobe (Fig. 122). Female subgenital plate with short and regularly tapering terminal process (Fig. 123). On Laserpitium ..................................................... Trioza laserpitii Surface spinules present in distal cells of forewing ............................................................................................ 114 Surface spinules absent, or present at most in cell cu1 ........................................................................................ 120 Surface spinules absent from cell r1 of forewing ........................................................................ Bactericera maura Surface spinules present in cell r1 of forewing .................................................................................................... 115 Antennal segments 4-7 dark ................................................................................................................................ 116 Antennal segments 4-7 light ................................................................................................................................ 117 Surface spinules entirely covering cell rl of forewing. Abdominal venter whitish, distinctly lighter than dorsum. Male paramere, in proﬁle, sinuous with wide base and slender apex (Fig. 124). Ventral margin of female subgenital plate straight or concave subapically. On Salix. ...................................................................Bactericera albiventris Surface spinules of forewing present only in basal half of cell rl. Abdominal venter not whitish, or the same colour as dorsum. Male paramere, in proﬁle, straight, with mostly subparal margins (Fig. 125). Ventral margin of female subgenital plate straight or convex subapically. On Salix. .................................................... Bactericera salicivora Surface spinules in apical half of forewing covering the whole surface up to the veins; wing angular apically (Fig. 2). Terminalia as in Figs 126-127. On Comarum palustre .................................................Bactericera acutipennis Surface spinules leaving spinule-free stripes along veins of forewing ............................................................... 118 Antennal segments 4 and 6 with each a group of rhinaria, therefore strongly dilated apically. Terminalia as in Figs 128-129. On Alchemilla......................................................................................................... Bactericera femoralis Antennal segments 4 and 6 with each 1 rhinarium, not strongly dilated apically ............................................... 119 Surface spinules of forewing also present in distal half of cell r1 and entirely covering cell c+sc. On Potentilla anserina ......................................................................................................................................Bactericera reuteri Surface spinules of forewing present only in proximal half of cell r1 and strongly reduced in cell c+sc. On Geum ............................................................................................................................................... Bactericera bohemica Genal processes at most as long as two thirds of vertex. Antenna entirely dark brown to black. Terminalia as in Figs 130-131. Polyphagous on dicotyledonous herbs .................................................................Bactericera nigricornis Genal processes about as long as vertex. At least antennal segment 3 light ....................................................... 121 Antenna completely black. On Artemisia ...............................................................................Bactericera calcarata At least antennal segment 3 light......................................................................................................................... 122 Antennal segments 3-5 partly or entirely light. On Sanguisorba ............................................ Bactericera modesta Antennal segment 3 light, 4 and 5 dark ............................................................................................................... 123 Forewing widest in the middle. On Berberis vulgaris..........................................................................Trioza scottii Forewing widest in apical thirds. On Salix .......................................................................................................... 124 Forewing with vein A entirely dark ................................................................................. Bactericera curvatinervis Dark colour on vein A of forewing reduced to a spot .......................................................................................... 125 Dark spot on vein A of forewing distinct. Male paramere, in proﬁle, more or less straight with large anteriorly directed tooth (Fig. 132). Female proctiger short with apical two thirds of dorsal outline strongly convex ............ .....................................................................................................................................................Bactericera striola Dark spot on vein A of forewing indistinct. Male paramere sickle-shaped or with small apical hook. Female proctiger longer with apical two thirds of dorsal outline straight or concave ............................................................ 126 Male parameres, in proﬁle, sickle-shaped. Female subgenital plate long with indistinct, long apical process ........ ...............................................................................................................................................Bactericera substriola Male parameres, in proﬁle, straight, lamellar, with small apical tooth. Female subgenital plate short with distinct short apical process.............................................................................................................. Bactericera parastriola 24 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 1-10. (1) Cacopsylla pyricola, forewing. (2) Bactericera acutipennis, forewing. (3) Psyllopsis fraxinicola, male terminalia. (4) Psyllopsis fraxinicola, female terminalia. (5) Psyllopsis discrepans, forewing. (6) Psyllopsis discrepans, paramere. (7) Psyllopsis discrepans, female terminalia. (8) Psyllopsis distinguenda, forewing. (9) Psyllopsis distinguenda, paramere. (10) Psyllopsis distinguenda, female terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 25 Figs 11-18. (11) Psyllopsis fraxini, forewing. (12) Psyllopsis fraxini, paramere. (13) Psyllopsis fraxini, female terminalia. (14) Strophingia ericae, male terminalia. (15) Aphalara exilis, forewing surface spinules. (16) Aphalara ulicis, forewing surface spinules. (17) Aphalara exilis, paramere. (18) Aphalara ulicis, paramere. 26 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 19-29. (19) Aphalara longicaudata, forewing surface spinules. (20) Aphalara longicaudata, paramere. (21) Aphalara longicaudata, female terminalia. (22) Aphalara calthae, forewing surface spinules. (23) Aphalara polygoni, forewing surface spinules. (24) Aphalara borealis, forewing surface spinules. (25) Aphalara avicularis, forewing surface spinules. (26) Aphalara freji, forewing surface spinules. (27) Aphalara borealis, male terminalia. (28) Aphalara borealis, aedeagus. (29) Aphalara borealis, female terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 27 Figs 30-40. (30) Aphalara avicularis, male terminalia. (31) Aphalara avicularis, aedeagus. (32) Aphalara avicularis, female terminalia. (33) Aphalara freji, male terminalia. (34) Aphalara freji, aedeagus. (35) Aphalara freji, female terminalia. (36) Craspedolepta artemisiae, forewing surface spinules. (37) Craspedolepta latior, forewing surface spinules. (38) Craspedolepta malachitica, forewing surface spinules. (39) Craspedolepta latior, forewing. (40) Craspedolepta malachitica, forewing. 28 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 41-48. (41) Craspedolepta artemisiae, male terminalia. (42) Craspedolepta artemisiae, female terminalia. (43) Craspedolepta latior, male terminalia. (44) Craspedolepta latior, female terminalia. (45) Craspedolepta malachitica, male terminalia. (46) Craspedolepta malachitica, female terminalia. (47) Craspedolepta subpunctata, paramere. (48) Craspedolepta subpunctata, female terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 29 Figs 49-58. (49) Craspedolepta innoxia, forewing surface spinules. (50) Craspedolepta innoxia, paramere. (51) Craspedolepta innoxia, female terminalia. (52) Craspedolepta omissa, forewing surface spinules. (53) Craspedolepta omissa, paramere. (54) Craspedolepta omissa, female terminalia. (55) Craspedolepta nebulosa, forewing. (56) Craspedolepta nebulosa, male terminalia. (57) Craspedolepta nebulosa, paramere. (58) Craspedolepta nebulosa, female terminalia. 30 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 59-66. (59) Craspedolepta nervosa, forewing. (60) Craspedolepta bulgarica, forewing. (61) Craspedolepta nervosa, male terminalia. (62) Craspedolepta nervosa, female terminalia. (63) Craspedolepta bulgarica, male terminalia. (64) Craspedolepta bulgarica, female terminalia. (65) Craspedolepta crispati, male terminalia. (66) Craspedolepta sonchi, male terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 31 Figs 67-74. (67) Craspedolepta crispati, female terminalia. (68) Craspedolepta sonchi, female terminalia. (69) Livilla horvathi, forewing. (70) Livilla radiata, forewing. (71) Cacopsylla breviantennata, forewing. (72) Cacopsylla breviantennata, male terminalia. (73) Cacopsylla pruni, forewing. (74) Cacopsylla pruni, male terminalia. 32 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 75-82. (75) Cacopsylla breviantennata, female terminalia. (76) Cacopsylla pruni, female terminalia. (77) Cacopsylla pyrisuga, male terminalia. (78) Cacopsylla pyrisuga, female terminalia. (79) Cacopsylla picta, male terminalia. (80) Cacopsylla picta, female terminalia. (81) Cacopsylla melanoneura, male terminalia. (82) Cacopsylla afﬁnis, male terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 33 Figs 83-90. (83) Cacopsylla albipes, forewing. (84) Cacopsylla crataegi, forewing. (85) Cacopsylla pyri, male terminalia. (86) Cacopsylla pyri, female terminalia. (87) Cacopsylla pyricola, male terminalia. (88) Cacopsylla pyricola, female terminalia. (89) Cacopsylla zetterstedti, male terminalia. (90) Cacopsylla hippophaes, male terminalia. 34 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 91-97. (91) Cacopsylla zetterstedti, female terminalia. (92) Cacopsylla hippophaes, female terminalia. (93) Cacopsylla brunneipennis, male terminalia. (94) Cacopsylla nigrita, male terminalia. (95) Trichochermes walkeri, forewing. (96) Trioza centranthi, male terminalia. (97) Trioza centranthi, female terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 35 Figs 98-105. (98) Trioza galii, male terminalia. (99) Trioza galii, female terminalia. (100) Trioza velutina, male terminalia. (101) Trioza velutina, female terminalia. (102) Trioza urticae, male terminalia. (103) Trioza urticae, female terminalia. (104) Trioza proxima, male terminalia. (105) Trioza proxima, female terminalia. 36 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 106-112. (106) Trioza dispar, male terminalia. (107) Trioza dispar, female terminalia. (108) Trioza tatrensis, male terminalia. (109) Trioza tatrensis, female terminalia. (110) Trioza rotundata, male terminalia. (111) Trioza rotundata, female terminalia. (112) Trioza cerastii, male terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 37 Figs 113-119. (113) Trioza cirsii, male terminalia. (114) Trioza cirsii, female terminalia. (115) Trioza abdominalis, male terminalia. (116) Trioza alacris, male terminalia. (117) Trioza alacris, female terminalia. (118) Trioza remota, male terminalia. (119) Trioza remota, female terminalia. 38 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin Figs 120-125. (120) Trioza anthrisci, male terminalia. (121) Trioza anthrisci, female terminalia. (122) Trioza laserpitii, male terminalia. (123) Trioza laserpitii, female terminalia. (124) Bactericera albiventris, male terminalia. (125) Bactericera salicivora, male terminalia. Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 39 Figs 126-132. (126) Bactericera acutipennis, male terminalia. (127) Bactericera acutipennis, female terminalia. (128) Bactericera femoralis, male terminalia. (129) Bactericera femoralis, female terminalia. (130) Bactericera nigricornis, male terminalia. (131) Bactericera nigricornis, female terminalia. (132) Bactericera striola, male terminalia. 40 APPENDIX 2 Psyllids reported from Belarus, Poland, Northwest Russia, Lithuania and the former Livonia. Sources: 1 – species recorded in the present paper; 2 – Klimaszewski (1975); 3 – Loginova (1961); 4 – Loginova (1962b); 5 – Loginova (1968); 6 – Loginova (1972a); 7 – Loginova (1962a); 8 – Loginova (1966); 9 – Loginova (1954); 10 – Petrov et al. (2011); 11 – Petrov & Sautkin (2013); 12 – Loginova (1967); 13 – Gorlenko et al. (1988); 14 – Byazdzenka et al. (1973); 15 – Palyakova (1969); 16 – Loginova (1972b); 17 – Petrov (2004); 18 – Sidlyarevich & Bolotnikova (1992); 19 – Kuznetsova et al. (2012); 20 – Malumphy et al. (2009); 21 – Vengeliauskaitė (1974); 22 – Głowacka (1989); 23 – Głowacka (1991); 24 – Głowacka & Migula (1996); 25 – Drohojowska & Głowacka (2011); 26 – Ossiannilsson (1992); 27 – Flor (1861); 28 – Petrov (2011). Species Belarus Poland Northwest Russia Lithuania Aphalara afﬁnis 1 2 3, 4 Aphalara avicularis 1, 3 as A. polygoni, see checklist 26 Aphalara borealis 2 Aphalara calthae 2 3, 4 Aphalara exilis 2 3, 4, 5, 6 27 Aphalara freji 1, 3 as A. polygoni, see checklist 2 as Aphalara polygoni 27 p.p. as Aphalara polygoni Aphalara maculipennis 2 Aphalara purpurascens 2 as A. rumicicola, 24 as A. crispicola Craspedolepta alevtinae 2 as C. alevtinae smreczynskii Craspedolepta artemisiae 2 Craspedolepta bulgarica 2 Craspedolepta crispati 1 Craspedolepta ﬂavipennis 1 2 4 Craspedolepta latior 1 2 4 Craspedolepta malachitica 1 2 Craspedolepta nebulosa 2 4 Craspedolepta nervosa 1 2 Craspedolepta omissa 1 2 Craspedolepta sonchi 2 4 Craspedolepta subpunctata 1 2 Livonia Aphalaridae Aphalarinae 27 27 as Aphalara artemisiae 4, 5, 7 27 p.p. as Aphalara picta 4, 5 27 as Aphalara nervosa 27 p.p. as Aphalara picta 4 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin 27 p.p. as Aphalara polygoni Species Belarus Poland Northwest Russia 1 2 4, 5 Psyllopsis discrepans 1 2 Psyllopsis distinguenda 1 2 Psyllopsis fraxini 28 2 Psyllopsis fraxinicola 1 2 9 Strophingia ericae 1 2 as Aphalaroida ericae 4 Camarotoscena speciosa 1 2 Livia crefeldensis 2 as Diraphia crefeldensis Livia junci 2 as Livia juncorum Livia limbata 2 as Diraphia limbata Lithuania Livonia Rhinocolinae Rhinocola aceris 27 Liviidae Euphyllurinae 20 4, 9 27 as Psylla fraxini 20 27 as Psylla unicolor 27 as Rhinocola ericae Liviinae 27 as Livia crefeldensis 4, 8 as Livia juncorum 27 as Livia juncorum Psyllidae Psyllinae Arytaina genistae 1 2 20 Arytainilla spartiophila Baeopelma foersteri 1, 4 as Psylla foersteri Cacopsylla abdominalis 2 Cacopsylla albipes 2 Cacopsylla ambigua 1 Cacopsylla brunneipennis Cacopsylla crataegi 11, 13 Cacopsylla elegantula 2 Cacopsylla ﬂori 2 Cacopsylla fraudatrix 19 Cacopsylla hippophaes 1 Cacopsylla intermedia 22 2 as Psylla foersteri 4 as Psylla foersteri 27 as Psylla foersteri 2 4, 5, 8, 12 as Psylla ambigua 27 as Psylla melina 1 2 as Cacopsylla klapaleki Jumping plant-lice of Belarus 27 as Rhinocola speciosa 2 27 as Psylla insignis 2 41 Belarus Poland Cacopsylla iteophila 2 Cacopsylla ledi 1 2 2 Northwest Russia Lithuania Livonia 42 Species 27 as Psylla ledi Cacopsylla mali 1, 13, 14 as Psylla mali Cacopsylla melanoneura 2 4 as Psylla mali Cacopsylla merita 23 12 as Psylla merita Cacopsylla moscovita 1 2 Cacopsylla myrtilli 2 Cacopsylla nigrita 2 4, 12 as Psylla nigrita Cacopsylla parvipennis 1 2 Cacopsylla peregrina 1 2 Cacopsylla pruni 2 8 as Psylla pruni Cacopsylla pulchella 1 Cacopsylla pulchra 1 2 4, 5, 12 as Psylla pulchra 2 4 as Psylla pyri 21 27 as Psylla mali 20 4, 12 as Psylla moscovita 27 as Psylla pineti 4, 12 as Psylla parvipennis 27 as Psylla saliceti 27 as Psylla crataegicola 21 27 as Psylla pyri Cacopsylla pyri 13, 15 as Psylla pyri Cacopsylla pyricola 2 Cacopsylla pyrisuga 15 as Psylla pyrisuga Cacopsylla saliceti 2 Cacopsylla sorbi 1 2 4, 6 as Psylla sorbi Cacopsylla ulmi 1, 28 2 8 as Psylla ulmi Cacopsylla visci 2 Cacopsylla zetterstedti 2 Chamaepsylla hartigii 1 2 as Psylla hartigi 4 as Psylla hartigi 27 as Psylla hartigii Livilla horvathi 2 as Floria horvathi Livilla radiata 2 as Alloeoneura radiata Livilla ulicis 2 Psylla alni 1 2 4 27 Psylla betulae 1 2 4 27 Psylla buxi 10, 11 2 as Spanioneura buxi Psylla fusca 1 2 4 27 as Psylla perspicillata 2 27 as Psylla salicicola L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin 20 Species Belarus Poland Northwest Russia Bactericera acutipennis 1 2 4, 8 as Trioza acutipennis Bactericera albiventris 2 as Heterotrioza albiventris 4, 5, 8 as Trioza albiventris 27 as Trioza albiventris Bactericera bohemica 2 4, 16 as Trioza bohemica Bactericera calcarata 24 Bactericera curvatinervis 1 2 4 as Trioza curvatinervis Bactericera femoralis 1, see checklist 2 4, 5 as Trioza femoralis Bactericera maura 2 5 as Trioza maura Bactericera modesta 2 Bactericera nigricornis 2 Bactericera parastriola 25 Bactericera reuteri 1 2 Bactericera salicivora 2 4, 5 as Trioza salicivora Bactericera striola 4 as Trioza striola 2 Bactericera substriola 1 Eryngiofaga deserta 23 Trichochermes walkeri 1, 17 2 Trioza abdominalis 2 as Trioza abdominalis abdominalis 4 Trioza agrophila 2 Trioza alacris 2 as Heterotrioza alacris Trioza anthrisci 1 2 as Heterotrioza pallida 4 as Trioza pallida Trioza apicalis 18 2 as Heterotrioza apicalis 21 Trioza centranthi 2 Trioza cerastii 1 2 4 Trioza chenopodii 2 as Heterotrioza chenopodii Trioza chrysanthemi 24 Lithuania Livonia Triozidae Trioza dispar 27 as Trioza femoralis 27 as Trioza nigricornis 4, 16 as Trioza striola 27 as Trioza striola 27 as Trioza walkeri 27 Jumping plant-lice of Belarus Trioza cirsii 20 27 as Trioza acutipennis and T. munda 27 as Trioza viridula 2 as Trioza viridula 2 43 Belarus Poland Northwest Russia Lithuania Livonia 2 4 20 27 Trioza ﬂavipennis 1 Trioza foersteri 2 Trioza galii 2 Trioza laserpitii 25 Trioza munda 2 Trioza proxima 1 2 4 Trioza remota 1 2 as Heterotrioza remota 20 Trioza rhamni 2 4, 5, 8 Trioza rotundata 2 Trioza rumicis 2 Trioza saxifragae 2 Trioza schrankii 1 Trioza senecionis 2 Trioza tatrensis 2 Trioza tripteridis 25 Trioza urticae 1 2 Trioza velutina 1 2 as T. galii (in part) 4, 8 44 Species 27 27 as Trioza dryobia 27 as Troza abieticola 4 20 27 27 L. Serbina, D. Burckhardt & O. Borodin 2 as Trioza schranki

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