Code
SOOCA
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Terrestrial
synonym | Aster canadensis (L.) Kuntze |
synonym | Doria canadensis (L.) Lunell |
synonym | Solidago anthropogena H.Scholz |
synonym | Solidago arcuata Tausch |
synonym | Solidago canadensis subsp. canadensis |
synonym | Solidago canadensis var. bartramiana (Fernald) Beaudry |
synonym | Solidago canadensis var. glabrata Porter |
synonym | Solidago canadensis var. intermedia Torr. & A.Gray |
synonym | Solidago eminens Bischoff ex A.Gray |
synonym | Solidago glabra subsp. canadensis (L.) Bonnier |
synonym | Solidago hirsuta L'Hér. ex DC. |
synonym | Solidago hirsutissima var. hirsutissima |
synonym | Solidago humilis Mill. |
synonym | Solidago longifolia Schrad. ex DC. |
synonym | Solidago mollis Rothr. |
synonym | Solidago nervosa Gaterau |
synonym | Solidago nutans Desf. |
synonym | Solidago praecox Moench |
synonym | Solidago reflexa Aiton |
synonym | Solidago tournefortii Tausch |
Chinese |
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Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
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English |
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French |
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Italian |
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Portuguese |
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Spanish; Castilian |
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Global description
Solidago canadensis is a large upright rhizomatous vivacious plant with a stem that is unbranched or only slightly branched. The leaves are simple, alternate, lanceolate and attenuated at both ends. The margin is entire on the basal leaves and strongly toothed on the upper leaves. The inflorescence is a large pyramidal panicle of a multitude of small yellow capitula.
General habit
Solidago canadensis is a large, robust, upright plant, 0.5 to 1.5 m (2 m) high.
Underground system
The taproot is more than 20 cm deep. Creeping, branching rhizomes develop at the base of the plant, from which aerial stems develop each year.
Stem
The stem is unbranched or only slightly branched at the base, then branches just below the inflorescence. The aerial stem is annual, dying after fruiting and developing again the following spring from rhizome buds. The stem is cylindrical, glabrous at the base and finely pubescent at the top.
Leaf
The leaves are simple, alternate and sessile. The blade is lanceolate to linear lanceolate, 5 to 14 cm long and 0.5 to 2 (4) cm wide. The apex is acute wedge-shaped and the base is long attenuated into a pseudo-petiole. The leaf blade is clearly marked by 3 parallel longitudinal veins. The margin is often entire for the leaves at the base and then gradually becomes more or less long-toothed. The lower face is downy and the upper face is short-pubescent to scabrous.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is a large, upright, pyramid-shaped terminal panicle with secondary axes that are sometimes horizontal or pointing downwards. The capitula, which are very numerous (150 to 1300), are arranged on the upper side of the branches of the inflorescence.
Flower
The flower heads are golden yellow, borne on peduncles 3 to 3.5 mm long and 3 to 4 mm in diameter and surrounded by an involucre of imbricated bracts in 3 to 4 series, linear in shape with an obtuse apex. The peripheral florets are ligulate, few in number (8 to 14) and terminate in a ligule 1 to 1.5 mm long. They are arranged in a single raw and are female. The central florets are tubular, few in number (3 to 6), 2.2 to 2.8 mm long and hermaphrodite.
Fruit
The fruit is an achene 0.9 to 1.2 mm long, angular, topped by a pappus with 1 or 2 rows of scabrous hairs 2 to 2.5 mm long.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Australia: Solidago canadensis flowers from February to April.
China: Solidago canadensis flowers from August to September.
France - Camargue: The stems of Solidago canadensis develop in spring from rhizomes, flowering from the end of July and fruiting from August to October. At the end of the season, the aerial stems dry out and disappear.
Nicaragua : Solidago canadensis flowers and fruits from September to December.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Solidago canadensis is a rhizomatous vivacious species. It multiplies vegetatively by rhizomes but also produces a large number of seeds.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Australia: Solidago canadensis is an introduced species that has become naturalised in abandoned areas, particularly in the south and east of the country.
China: Solidago canadensis is an exotic species occasionally grown in gardens and parks and locally naturalised.
France - Camargue: Solidago canadensis is an exotic species that has become established almost everywhere in cool locations. In the Camargue, it often grows on the banks of canals.
West Indies: Solidago canadensis is an introduced species cultivated for ornamental purposes.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Origin
Solidago canadensis is native to North America (USA, Canada).
Worldwide distribution
This species was introduced from many countries as an ornamental plant and quickly became naturalised. It is found throughout Europe, India and South East Asia, as far as Australia and New Zealand. It is present and locally naturalised in South Africa.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Herbarium pictures from Recolnat: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Solidago%2520canadensis
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Asterales |
Family | Asteraceae |
Genus | Solidago |
Species | Solidago canadensis L. |