Abstract
We report the results of a survey for myxomycetes in the Chinese province of Xinjiang, covering the northern part of the Tarim basin and the eastern Tian-Shan mountains. Sampling in the hyperarid Tarim basin focused on monospecific Tugai forests; these are park-like stands of the phreatophyte Populus euphratica. In a transect from the Tarim basin to the mountains, trees vanish outside the basin, but reoccur at ca. 1,400 m elevation as monospecific forests of Picea schrenkiana; the second focal area of the study. From a total of 362 substrate samples (245 from the Tarim basin, 177 from the mountains) we obtained 477 determinable records of myxomycetes, plus a total of 206 field collections, the latter almost exclusively from the spruce forests in the mountains. From the 80 taxa recorded 53 are represented by field collections, and 32 were found in moist chamber cultures; with a very low overlap in species assemblages found in the field and in cultures. Although receiving less than 50 mm annual precipitation, corticolous myxomycetes were common in the Tugai forests, with Physarum pseudonotabile ad. int., Didymium anellus, Echinostelium colliculosum and Protophysarum phloiogenum as the most common species. Compared to the Tarim basin (21 taxa) the mountains were much richer in myxomycetes (75 taxa), although the diversity recovered from cultures was comparable (21 vs. 28 taxa). Most species from the mountains fruited on decaying spruce, often collected under or even inside the logs due to the extremely dry air. Our results suggest first that there is no lower limit of annual precipitation for myxomycetes, as long as at least some days with nightly dew fall allow these organisms to complete their life cycle. Second, the two examples of surprisingly diverse myxomycete assemblages from monospecific forests demonstrate, that species richness of this group is not necessarily connected with plant diversity of the habitat. This survey is the most eastern of a large-scale study of myxomycete diversity throughout Middle and Central Asia.
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Acknowledgments
This study was carried out within a project on vegetation of Tugai forests and genetic diversity of Euphrates Poplar. For the opportunity to travel to Xinjiang we want to thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, SCHN1080/1-1), the VW-Foundation (I/78 636) and the DAAD partnership program (PPP, D/05/06946), enabling collecting via grants to the first author. We wish to thank Prof. Nurbay Abdusalih and his group from Xinjiang University for logistic help with field investigations in Xinjiang. For technical help with substrate cultures we are indebted to Karin Münse, Greifswald; for improving the manuscript we owe thanks to two anonymous reviewers.
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Myxomycete records from Xinjiang with exact locality and collection data (file in Microsoft Excel 2003). (XLS 976 kb)
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Schnittler, M., Novozhilov, Y.K., Carvajal, E. et al. Myxomycete diversity in the Tarim basin and eastern Tian-Shan, Xinjiang Prov., China. Fungal Diversity 59, 91–108 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0186-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0186-5