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Volatile Compounds and Oils from Mosses and Liverworts

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Bioactive Compounds in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

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Abstract

Bryophytes are small, non-vascular plants, such as mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They play a vital role in regulating ecosystems; some bryophyte species are among the first to colonize open ground. Bryophytes do not have seeds or flowers; instead, they reproduce via spores, and these species are also very good indicators of habitat quality. Volatile compounds and essential oils have been extracted by hydrodistillation and by solvent from some species of bryophytes. The chemical composition of the isolated oils and the nature of the volatile compounds have been determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled to the flame initiation detector. This chapter presents the chemical composition of 76 essential oils from mosses and liverworts, identifying a significant variety of compositions. These findings open new potential research trends to investigate the biological activity of these essential oils. The growing demand for natural products by pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food markets points to new opportunities for the protection and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Abbreviations

a.l.s.:

above sea level

CF:

Chemical Formula

CN:

Compound number

DH:

Diterpene hydrocarbons

EAE:

Ethyl acetate extract

EE:

Ethanol extract

EO:

Essential oil

FID:

Flame ionization detector

GC:

Gas chromatography

HR:

High-resolution

IR:

Infrared spectroscopy

ME:

Methanol extract

MH:

Monoterpenes hydrocarbons

MM:

Monoisotopic mass

MS:

Mass spectrometry

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

OD:

Oxygenated diterpenes

OM:

Oxygenated monoterpenes

OS:

Oxygenated sesquiterpenes

OT:

Other compounds

RI:

Retention indices

RIf:

Reference Retention indices

SPME:

Solid-phase microextraction

TLC:

Thin-layer chromatography

tr:

trace (< 0.05%)

UV:

Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador

    Eduardo Valarezo, Miguel Angel Meneses & Ximena Jaramillo-Fierro

  2. Departamento Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Ecuador

    Matteo Radice

  3. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador

    Ángel Benítez

Authors
  1. Eduardo Valarezo
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  2. Miguel Angel Meneses
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  3. Ximena Jaramillo-Fierro
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  4. Matteo Radice
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  5. Ángel Benítez
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Correspondence to Eduardo Valarezo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India

    Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy

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Valarezo, E., Meneses, M.A., Jaramillo-Fierro, X., Radice, M., Benítez, Á. (2022). Volatile Compounds and Oils from Mosses and Liverworts. In: Murthy, H.N. (eds) Bioactive Compounds in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97415-2_8-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97415-2_8-1

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