The Hemiptera of suffolk by Suffolk Naturalists' Society

THE

HEMIPTERA OF SUFFOLK.

CLAUDE MORLEY, F.E.S., &c.

" That best of Entomological counties, Suffolk."â&#x20AC;&#x201D;WRATISLAW.

" In autumn, when the leaves are brown, Take pen and ink and write it down." LP.VVIS CARROLI.

PLYMOUTH : JAMES H. KEYS, PRINTER, W H I M P L E MCMV.

STREET.

3n dßemors of EDWARD G. J. SPARKE, B.A., F.E.S., OfBury

St. Edmunds,

in the County of Suffolk,

IV/io dilli, on May znd,

1904.

" A man's good work is his best monument."

FEW entomologists know the hidden resorts of Suffolk's rarest insects as did Edward Sparke, fewer are so eager to present the hand of assistance in bringing brothers of the net and pin within the scope of their own intimate knowledge, and none was ever a more genial, generous and openhearted companion. Future générations will regret that he was laid low in médias res. His collections, we believe, will go to his native town.

PREFACE. IN publishing the present compilation of work done in the study and the field, it is pressed upon me that life ยกs all too short to perfect even so small a task as an account of the insects of a single county.

The primal

difficulty is to know when the enumeration of any particular branch is sufficiently complete for presentation to the generations that follow.

It is

obviously ridiculous to give the observations of a year as representing the comparative frequency of a county's insect-fauna, and yet, upon the other hand, it is equally foolish to delay their publication when a good representative list has been compiled.

It is hoped that the present volume,

which comprises the work of the past ten years, appears when all those species which annually occur with us have been tabulated.

Many others

are likely to do s o ; in fact, it was not till the present year that the generally distributed Acompocoris pygmaeus was met with, and then it was found in so diverse localities that one wonders it had lain perdu so long. As is the case with the Coleรณptera, we find three main divisions of the county, each producing, if not a peculiar fauna, at least a sufficiently different one to warrant especial excursions being undertaken with a view to obtaining distinct species.

The heavy lands of the central portion

produce those kinds which appear to be of general distribution throughout the Midlands; the coast sands and, to a lesser degree, the sandy heaths which border them westward along nearly their whole length, afford species attached to saline and arenaceous situations ; but the peculiar inland sandhills, dunes and primeval heaths to the north-west of the county, are responsible for many of its particular rarities.

To the sterility of these

PREFACE.

last we must largely attribute the splendici fauna of the fens, which make up to us much that is lacking in the too-popular broads of the north-east ; like a cordon of outposts they surround the original bog of Tuddenham, Barton and Herringswell, offering no inducement to the pioneers of " civilisation " to drain out the Ringed Piover with the rare Rumices and Carices.

The thanks of ali lovers of primeval scenery are due to the

Goochs, of Benacre Hall, who have for so long hidden from vandal eyes Benacre, the last of our broads. The Plant-bugs are so intimately associated with their pabulum that the botanist here steps in to materially assist the entomologist in their capture. Many kinds, such as the Cryptoceraìa and Hydrovietridae, are found by general fishing with a water net ; the Aradidae live among moss on apparently any kind of tree ; and the Cimicidae, on account of their exclusively carnivorous habits, may turn up almost anywhere.

But the

majority are very nice in their taste : each species of Bythoscopidae, and many Pentatomidae, has its particular delectation in the matter of trees or bushes ; the Coreidae, Odontoscelis, Podops, and some of the Lygaeidae, select the driest and most arid plants for sustenance ; and the Tingididae vary from those which grow in salt-marshes to the homely hop.

The

Reduviidae are interesting from the fact that, though many prey upon everything that runs within their reach—often, in fact, upon their own kind— a few seem to confine their attacks to isolated species or sets of species ; thus the great Reduvius personatus is known to have a prédilection for bed-bugs, I have reason to believe that the rare Nabis boops favours larvae of Spathocera, and N. lineatus I suspect of tendencies towards those of Chorosoma.

The two Ploiariae quite possibly prey upon Psocid larvae, so

common, both in faggots and upon holly.

The Saldidae, with the excep-

tion of S. Cocksii, delight to rush about in the sunshine on damp mud, by streams and in sait marshes.

But in the Capsidae ali the species are

exclusively phytophagous, and if you would find the more uncommon kinds, a search must first be instituted for their food-plants ; thus, it 1 C/., however, Prof. Reuter, in E.M.M., 1903, p. 121.

PREFACE.

was not till the present year that I discovered Dicyphus pallidicorms, for Digitalis purpurea was almost unknown to me about Ipswich. By chance, however, I happened upon a great bed of it in a previously unexplored wood, and upon the plants the Dicyphi were sitting in their hundreds ! I have seen it upon nothing else, though Mr. Edwards says it occurs in Norfolk commonly upon Stachys.

It is, too, difficult to account for the

long periods which will elapse between the appearances of certain species. In 1894, I found Issus co/eoptrains in the Bentley Woods, but, though I collected there about once every week the years round, I saw no more specimens for ten years ! As Curtis truly says, " There is nothing perhaps in Nature more wonderful than the sudden appearance and disappearance of these minor works of the Creator, which are called forth to answer ends that our limited understandings cannot comprehend, and which are, by a combination of circumstances no less wonderful, swept away from us altogether." As was done in my former accounts of Suffolk insects, the noting of kinds likely to occur here, but not yet found, is certainly worth perpetuating, if only to point out in what directions the future student should most advantageously strike out.

It may be mentioned that Corimelaena

scarabaeoides almost positively occurs in dead leaves and moss, Eurygaster maura is found upon knap-weed on dry banks, and is recorded from Cambridgeshire, Gnathoconus picipes on sandhills, Neottiglossa inflexa at roots of plants in dry places ; on the north Essex coast, Pentatoma fuscispina,1 and in Norfolk Asopus punctatus and Zicrotia caerulea have occurred.

In the Coreidae, Alydus calcaratus is found on heaths, of which

we have an abundance, and Therapha hyoscyami is not rare.

Berytus

clavipes and Cymus melatiocephaius should both be common ; Henestaris laticeps occurs on the north Essex coast; 2 Plociomerus fracticollis I have swept at Roydon Fen, only half-a-mile over the border in Norfolk, so it is sure to occur at Tuddenham.

Aphanus pini should turn up at roots of

heather, Drymus piceus is recorded from Chippenham, 3 and more species 1 Cf. E.M.M., 1902, p. 66.

2 Cf. E.M.M., 1898, p. 14.

3 Cf. E.M.M., 1898, p. 221.

PREFACE.

of Orthostira will turn up in moss.

On the surface of ponds, I have

probably overlooked Gem's odontogaster and argentata, which latter Mr. E. A. Elliott has found at Wicken Fen, though Salda Miilleri is rarer.

In-

sufficient attention has also been paid to the Cimices, since there is no reason why the pigeon-, swallow- and bat-bug should not all occur here, with Anthocoris gallarum-uImi,

which has occurred at Wicken Fen.

Among the numerous Capsidae, there are yet to be found Teratocoris Saundersi, Bryocoris pteridis often common on ferns, Phytocoris Reuteri on fruit trees, Calocoris ticinensis on skull-cap in the fens, the Norfolk Lygus viscicola and Capsus scutellatus. But the commonest of all the unrecorded Capsidae, perhaps, are Pilophorus clavatus and P. perplexus, which ought to be beaten from hedges ; heaths should be ransacked for Systellonotus triguttatus and St achys for Macrolophus

nubilus, while Strongylocoris leucocephalus and Globiceps

cruciatus may also be expected.

Three more Orthotyli should certainly

occurâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;nassatus on alder, adenocarpi on broom, and Scotti on elm.

have, moreover, fruitlessly searched for Heterocordylus genistae, Macrocoleus tanaceti and Psallus Fallenii, nor has Conostethus salinus appeared in the coast marshes.

Mr. Alfred Beaumont has found Hoplomachus in N. Essex.

The extent of her broads affords Norfolk Corixa selecta, semistriata, concinna and Bonsdorffii, with the two Sigarae, though I am sure C. fossarum occurs with us since I have found it just over the Cambridge border. Yet more remains to be done with our Cicadina, which are dwarfed by Mr. James Edwards' herculean efforts in Norfolk ; however, this should serve only as a stimulant, since it points out what one is likely to find in Suffolk. The fact that I have been enabled to take nine additional species of Liburnia during the present year shows how inadequately that genus has been worked ; and also Cixius similis, with two Stiromae, is likely to occur.

Nor is it improbable that the eight other Norfolk Idioceri, except

of course Herrichii, should be found, as well as the two Strongylocephali, Doratura impudica and the fen Paramesus phragmitis, which swarms only a mile or two over the western border at Chippenham.

The many blanks

PREFACE.

Vil

in the Jassidae show that there has been a lamentable lack of grubbing, indeed the indispensable waterproof sheet is quite an unknown factor to me.

I will only say, by way of illustration, that we have not yet discovered

two Athysani, nine Deltocephali, two Allygi, five Cicadulae, three Limotettices and, worst of all, six Thamnotettices boasted by Norfolk.

The

Typhlocybidae is rather better, though to make it so, I have had to add no less than fourteen species during this season, and still three Dicraneurae, six Typhlocybae and three Zyginae might turn up.

The Psyllina has been

sadly neglected ; it is not a group to be mastered by general collecting. Nearly every species must be sought on its own food-plant, excepting those which congregate amid thick conifers in winter. Aphalara

Both the Rhinocolae,

artemisiae and nervosa, Psylla crataegi, Lowii, hippophaés and

Hartigii, with Trioza albiventris and rhamni, have fallen to Mr. Edwards' net, but are yet unknown in Suffolk. In the present list will be found few records by the older authors, for no observation upon this group of insects has come down to us—as far as I have been able to ascertain—from Rev. William Kirby, of Barham, nor his contemporaries.

Stephens' " Illustrations," unfortunately, did not in-

clude the Hemiptera, and but few species are mentioned by Curtis.

The

Pagets' notes refer mainly to Norfolk insects ; but an ancient specimen or two still exists in Mr. W. H. Baker's collection at Battisford.

I have been

enabled to add some things, in the Cambridge Museum, taken in the neighbourhood of Mildenhall during recent years by Dr. D. Sharp, and a few more while examining the collection of the late Dr. W. Garneys, which were captured about Bungay some forty years ago.

Others may be con-

tained in Mr. Blatch's collection, but I have found no opportunity of dealing with these last, though I know he did at one time collect at Brandon. The following literature appears to be all available relating to the Hemiptera of Suffolk ; but I am much indebted for longer or shorter lists of captures in the Lowestoft District to E. A. Butler, who collected extensively there in 1891, E. C. Bedwell during recent years, E. A. Newbery in 1904,

Vlll

PREFACE.

H . J. Thouless and Edward Saunders.

A. E. Gibbs has taken a few things

at Orford, and G. C. Champion at Felixstowe.

W. H. Tuck, F. Norgate

and the late E. G. J. Sparke record many things from the vicinity of Bury St. Edmunds, T. Rope from Tunstall, W. E. Platten from Needham, E. Baylis from Ipswich, and Edward Ransom from Sudbury. J. J. Walker, A. J. Chitty and F. B. Jennings found a few good things on the Breck sands, G. H. Verrall in Tuddenham Fen ; and Ernest A. Elliott has collected with me throughout the county.

L I T E R A T U R E RELATING T O SUFFOLK

COMPLETE

HEMIPTERA.

WORKS.

J O H N CURTÍS, F . L . S . , e t c . — B r i t i s h E n t o m o l o g y .

1823-40.

C. and J. PAGET.—A Sketch of the Natural History of Great Yarmouth and its neighbourhood.

1834.

J. DOUGLAS and J. SCOTT.—British Hemipfera. EDWARD

SAUNDERS, F . R . S . , F . L . S . — T h e

Islands.

(Heteroptera).

1865.

Hemiptera-Heteroptera

the

British

1892.

JAMES EDWARDS, F.E.S. — T h e H e m i p t e r a - H o m o p t e r a o f t h e B r i t i s h I s l a n d s .

1896.

ARTICLES. E . A . B U T L E R , B . A . , B.SC., F . E . S . — P e r i b a l u s vemalis

in S u f f o l k .

T w o additional species of British Hemiptera. Hemiptera-Heteroptera near Lowestoft.

E.M.M.

J . W . DOUGLAS, F . E . S . — N o t e s o n s o m e s p e c i e s o f Psyllidae. JAMES E D W A R D S , F . F . S . — N o t e s o n t h e g e n u s Chloriona,

E.M.M.

1 9 0 1 , p. 3 0 2 .

1904, p. 275.

1891, p. 277. E.M.M.

Fieb.

1876, p. 40.

E.M.M.

1 8 9 8 , p. 6 0 .

F. B. JENNINGS, F.E.S.—Coleoptera, etc., at Brandon, in August, 1903.

E.M.M.

1 9 0 4 , p. 8 7 . EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.R.S., e t c . — N o t e s o n H e m i p t e r a t a k e n at S o u t h w o l d .

E.M.M.

1 8 7 7 , p. 1 6 4 .

H . J. THOULESS.—Trans. Norf. Nat. Soc.

1889, p. 708, etc.

W . H . TUCK, M A.—Entomological Notes.

Trans. Norf. Nat. Soc.

1S97, p. 329 ; 1898,

p. 4 2 0 ; 1 9 0 0 , p. 14 ; 1 9 0 1 , p. 157 ; 1 9 0 2 , p. 3 3 2 ; 1 9 0 3 , p. 5 2 7 ; 1 9 0 4 , p. 6 3 6 . J . J . W A L K E R , F . L . S . , F . E . S . — N o t e s o n C o l e o p t e r a at B r a n d o n , S u f f ö l k .

xxii, p. 86.

E.M.M.

INTRODUCTION. THE long period of time allowed to elapse since the publication of " The Hynienoptera of Suffolk," which so closely followed that of " The Coleóptera of Suffolk," is not to be construed into any lack of enthusiasm 011 the part of the author, but rather on that of the entomological public, and has proceeded from two causes. Firstly, it was thought no Order of insects had meanwhile received sufficient attention to warrant publication, and, secondly, the interest taken in the local distribution of species appeared so small that the return for initial outlay of time and " filthy lucre " was absolutely microscopio. The number of British Entomologists is very small and, though constantly increasing, any augmentation is nullified (from a publishing point of view) by the extreme exclusiveness which is creeping over all our ranks. We are degenerating from " entomologists "— Oliver Wendell Holmes would have us believe none such ever existed ; but, at least, they tried to do so—into students of especial orders, families, groups and even genera. We are becoming not naturalists in the good old-fashioned broad sense, but musty students of isolated subjects. Where is the man among us who could write like Kirby, Westwood or even Burmeister? Are the builders of Babel worth imitation ? By all means let us specialise ; but no one can successfully specialise till he have a good working knowledge of the main subject, and this, I have no hesitation in saying, is not possessed by at least so me who most constantly figure as leaders—I will not say pioneers—in British Entomology to-day. For the present, it has been thought expedient to refrain from publishing what little is known of the Aphidae and Coccidae of Suffolk, and, in the broadest sense of Hemiptera, we may also add the Corrodentia (Anoplura) and, perhaps, even the Thysanoplera. If ever these obscure things should become satisfactorily worked out, they will be sufficiently extensive in themselves to constitute a separate volume.

INTRODUCTION.

Consequently, the present account is co-extensive with Mr. Saunders' " Heteroptera " and Mr. Edwards' " Homoptera " of the British Islands and their nomenclature has (with slight modification) been adopted. It is, however, to Mr. E. A. Butler, B.A., B.SC., F.E.S., that I wish to give my best thanks for the care and kindness with which he has named Suffolk specimens, thougb, in the few cases where he was uncertain, both the above authors have personally come to our aid. It is, perhaps, fitting to here draw attention to the inclusión in our county fauna of a species which has not yet been recorded from the British Islands, though doubtless indigenous to their most boggy spots. This is Livia limbata, Wag., which superficially differs from the common L. juncorum in the less angulated anterior margin of the head, shorter basal antennal joint, general paler colouration and lack of infúscate spots in the wing-margin. I was so fortúnate as to sweep two specimens from Juncus in Tuddenham Fen on August i9th last. A Heteropteron of even greater interest was swept from a plant of Digitalis purpurea in Cutler's Wood at Freston on July 2nd last. I sent it, queried Plagiognathus arbustorum, var., to Mr. Butler, who, however, said it had " no black hairs and spines and the thorax was the wrong shape for Plagiognathus." Upon a second exavnination Mr. Saunders said," Until other specimens turn up, I think this must remain a ? I know nothing continental like it." Vigorous search revealed no second specimen, so the matter must remain for the present in suspense. No rule of thumb for the identification of species can ever be entirely satisfactory, so that abnormal specimens, often described as new species, will always be present. Where no authority is given, the record is in all cases my own. CLAUDE IPSWICH,

September 24.H1, IQ04. (Nuptiae).

MORLEY.

THE

HEMIPTERA OF SUFFOLK. HETEROPTERA. P E N T ATOM ID AE. ODONTOSCELIS. F u l i g i n o s a , Linn. Mr. Butcher, of Lowestoft, gave me a specimen which he captured on the sands to the north of that town (Curtis).— Two from Mildenhall (in Cambs. Mus.). — One on the Felixstowe Sandhills, in June, 1896 ; and not uncommon upon Foxhall Plateau, especially as larvae in early August, 1904. PODOPS. I n u n c t a , Fab. Bury District (Tuck).—Not uncommon ; Foxhall, Hadleigh, East Bergholt, Burstall, etc. SEHIRUS. B i c o l o r , Linn. Bury District, under bark of trees, and sometimes immature in ants' nests (Tuck).—Tunstall (Rope).—Often commonly swept ; Bentley Woods, Claydon, Lavenham, Nayland, Needham. B i g u t t a t u s , Linn. Not uncommon in moss in winter at Bentley Woods ; Holbrook Park and Ipswich gardens. GNATHOCONUS. A l b o m a r g i n a t u s , Fab. Needham Market (Platten). — Somewhat rare ; Great Blakenham, swept in June ; Ipswich, beneath stones, in September. AELIA. A c u m i n a t a , Linn. Brandon (Champion). — Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler).—A larva on thistles at Barham, in August.

HEMIPTERA

S U F F O L K .27

PERIBALUS. i. V e r n a i i s , Wolff. One specimen, beaten from white poplar, in Bentley Woods, on 25th May, 1901. This appears to be the fourth localised British specimen, and was found about three in the afternoon of a warm, windless day. On the continent, it is said to occur on oak, birch and some low plants (cf. E.M.M., 1901, p. 302). PENTATOMA. 1. B a c c a r u m , Linn. O11 a dead thistle, on a rond at Oulton Broad in September (Bedwell). — Benacre Broad, swept in October (Elliott). —Barton Mills, one swept, in June. 2. P r a s i n a , Linn. Bentley Woods, not uncommon, on poplar; Assington Thicks, on birch. PIEZODORUS. 1. L i t u r a t u s , Fab. Lound Wood, abundant on bushes (Paget).— Aldeburgh, on furze and tamarisk (Tuck).—Gorleston (Thouless).— Several, on heather, at Corton (Bedwell).—Foxhall and Bentley Woods ; Ipswich, abundant in September. TROPICORIS. 1. Rufipes, Linn. Rare at Tostock (Tuck).—Ipswich District, not very common in roads towards dusk ; Bentley and Raydon Woods,' in a dead hawk, in August; Foxhall, on seeding Angélica flower-head. PICROMERUS. 1. B i d e n s , Linn. Foxhall Heath, in September, 1895 (Baylis).— Herringfleet Marshes, in September (Bedwell). Single captures. PODISUS. 1. L u r i d u s , Fab. Lound Wood, on bushes, rather rare (Paget).— Local ; Bentley Woods in April on mountain ash, and larvae on white poplar in August; Assington, on birch. ACANTHOSOMA. 1. H a e m o r r h o i d a l e , Linn. Common about Bury St. Edmunds (Tuck).—Mutford Wood, in May (Bedwell).—Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Occasionally on sallow in Bentley Woods, and once in a dead crow, in April. 2. D e n t a t u m , Deg.—Brandon, Blatch (Saunders).—Bury St. Edmunds, common (Tuck).—Orford (Gibbs). — Bentley Woods, uncommon, on poplar and fir; Tuddenham Fen, on birch. 3. I n t e r s t i n c t u m , Linn. Tostock (Tuck). — Mildenhall (Cambs Mus.).-—Bentley Woods, not common, on sallow and one in a dead crow's head ; Assington Thicks, on birch ; Coddenham, on box.

«j

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

COREIDAE. SPATHOCERA. D a l m a n n i , Schill. Not rare, crawling on the bare, arid plateau at Foxhall ; larvae common in late July. Extremely local. SYROMASTES. Märginatus, Linn. Fritton and Lound rare (Paget).—Taken by Edwin Garneys at Bungay, in autumn, 1878 (Garney's Diary). — One, swept at Westleton Lamb Pits, in September, 1900 (Elliott). VERLUSIA. R h o m b e a , Linn. Bury St. Edmunds, May, 1903 (Tuck, Norf. Trans., 1904, p. 636). PSEUDOPHLAEUS. Fallenii, Schill. Brandon (Walker).—Tuddenham St. Mary (Chitty). — It occurs sparingly, in June, at the roots of Erodium cicutarium, throughout the Breck district. COREUS. D e n t i c u l a t u s , Scop. Two, from Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.)—Oulton Broad, June, 1898 (Bedwell).—Tostock, in June, 1900 (Tuck). CORIZUS. Capitatus, Fab. Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.). P a r u m p u n c t a t u s , Schill. Rarely, at Spiraea flowers, in Tuddenham Fen, August (Elliott and Verrall).— Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).— Swept somewhat commonly at Brandon, in August (Jennings). — Brandon, very rare at roots of Echiuvi vulgare, in September. MYRMUS. Myriformis, Fall. Lowestoft (Butler).—Bentley Woods, in July, 1895 ; abundant on heath grasses at Foxhall and Tuddenham Fen. CHOROSOMA. Schillingi, Schml. Southwold and Lowestoft (Saunders). — At the former locality I have found the larvae among marram grass, in July, and was much amused at the peculiar aspect presented by the strongly recurved abdomen in walking.

HEMIPTERA

S U F F O L K .27

BERYTIDAE. NEIDES. I. T i p u l a r i u s , Linn. Taken, by.sweeping, at Rushmere Heath, August (Newbery).—Very rare ; singly, in Bentley Woods, in April, 1895, and May, 1902. BERYTUS. 1. Minor, H. S. Tostock, in a nest of Bombus muscorum (Tuck).— Mutford Wood, and not uncommon in marsh hay at Barnby Broad, in September (Bedwell).— Widely distributed but never common; Bentley Woods, Ipswich, Claydon, Sproughton, Moulton ; upon water-weeds at Oulton Broad, and in a brackish ditch at Bawdsey. 2. Signoreti, Fieb. Local ; occasionally upon Foxhall Plateau, and at roots of Erica tetralix ; Claydon, in gravel pits ; Brandon, at roots of Senecio Jacobaea. 3. M o n t i v a g u s , Fieb. Southwold (Saunders).—Certainly rare; two in moss at Hadleigh in March, and one at roots of ragwort at Brandon in June ; Foxhall Marshes. 4. C r a s s i p e s , H. S. A few, in marsh haystack, Barnby Broad, in September (Bedwell). — Lowestoft (Thouless, Norf. Trans., 1889, p. 708).—Tuddenham Fen, one on reeds, in April, 1904. METACANTHUS. I. P u n c t i p e s , Gertti. Abundant at roots of marram grass, Kessingland Sandhills, in September, 1900 (Bedwell).—Lowestoft (Thouless).— I have also found it beneath Ononis spinosa, at Kentford. At rest this species strongly resembles a Limtiobid, but its flight, which is very free, is more like that of a Culicid.

LYGAEIDAE. NYSIUS. 1. T h y m i , Wolff. In June, T u n n i n g quickly over the sandhills, near Lowestoft (Curtis, B. E., 597). — Brandon, at roots of Erodinm (Walker).—Felixstowe (Newbery).—Tostock (Tuck).—It is abundant on yarrow and Echium vulgare, in sandy places, throughout the county ; I have taken the var. maculatus, D. S., at Tuddenham, in June. CYMUS. 1. Glandicolor, Hahn. Tuddenham, in moss (Sparke). — Brandon (ChittyV—Local; common on Carex paniculata at Foxhall. 2. Claviculus, Fall. Rare, at roots of Air a caespitosa and other grasses, in Bentley Woods, in April.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

ISCHNORHYNCHUS. R e s e d a e , Panz. Tuddenham Fen, common on birch (Elliott). — Tostock (Tuck). — Brandon (Chitty). — Eighteen specimens from Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Widely distributed, but rarely common ; Freston and Belstead, in May ; Assington ; Barton Mills ; Southwold, on Aster tri/olitivi, in September. G e m i n a t u s , Fieb. Common, on Erica, at Lowestoft, in August (Elliott).—Tostock (Tuck). — Much commoner than the last, and often abundant on heaths ; Foxhall, Covehithe, Southwold and Blythburgh. CHILACIS. T y p h a e , Perr. heads.

Fritton (Thouless).

Occurs in Typha

latifolia

HETEROGASTER. U r t i c a e , Fab. Lowestoft (Thouless, Norf. Trans., 1889, p. 708).— Aldeburgh and Bungay (Tuck).—Icklingham Plains ; common on nettles at Lakenheath in June, 1899 ; Hollesley, on Angelica flowers, among nettles ; Kessingland Sandhills; several hibernating gregariously beneath willow bark, at Harkstead. There can be no doubt this species hibernates in the imago state ; I have found it live for over a month, in autumn. RHYPAROCHROMUS. P r a e t e x t a t u s , H. S. Middle of May, Thetford Warren, amongst short grass (Curtis, B. E., 612).—Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.)—Apparently very rare ; one, beneath Erodium cicutarium, Brandon Heath, June, 1899. » D i l a t a t u s , H. S. Once found beneath a stone, upon Foxhall Plateau, May, 1898. Chiragra, Fab. Tostock, in nest of Bombus muscorum (Tuck).— Southwold, Foxhall ; in burrow of water vole and river refuse at Sproughton ; Hadleigh, in moss. Mr. Champion has found the var. sabulicola, Thorns., at Bawdsey in May, and I have taken it and its larvae beneath seaweed at Felixstowe in August. ISCHNOCORIS. A n g u s t u l u s , Boh. Taken at Brandon, early in June, 1903 (Chitty). —Uncommon ; Foxhall and Lowestoft Denes beneath heather. MACRODEMA. Micropterum, Curt. Lowestoft (Butler).—Westleton H e a t h ; abundant on Erica at Lowestoft, Oulton Broad, Blythburgh and (the micropterous form) Foxhall, in July.

HEMIPTERA

S U F F O L K .27

PLINTHISUS. i. B r e v i p e n n i s , Latr. Lowestoft (Butler).—Bungay Common, in July (Tuck). — Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—A macropterous form on Kessingland Sandhills, n t h September, 1900 (Bedwell).— Several developed specimens at Lowestoft (Thouless).—Foxhall, Southwold, Corton, and in sandpits at Butley Priory ; a developed specimen, on oak, in Staverton Thicks, in June. LASIOSOMUS. i. E n e r v i s , H. S. I took one specimen of this rare species by general sweeping at Southwold, in July, 1897. ACOMPUS. i. Rufipes, Wolff. Oulton Broad, not uncommon in flood refuse (Bedwell).—Brandon (Chitty).—Only found in the Broads and Fens. Barton Mills, in cop., and Herringswell Fen, in June and July. STYGNUS. 1. R u s t i c u s , Fall. Southwold, in September (Elliott).—Tostock (Tuck). — Bentley Woods, very rare. 2. P e d e s t r i s , Fall. Lowestoft (Butler).—Oulton Broad (Bedwell).— Not uncommon ; Freston, Foxhall, Dodnash Wood, Bildeston and Brandon, in September. 3. Arenarius, Hahti. May and June, Lowestoft, Suffolk (Curtis, 612). —Abundant throughout the county upon, and at roots of, plants. PERITRECHUS. 1. G e n i c u l a t u s , Hahn. Not uncommon at roots of low plants, especially in winter ; Foxhall, Felixstowe, Trimley Marshes, etc. 2. N u b i l u s , Fall. In a marsh haystack in Oulton Broad, and sparingly at roots of marram grass on Kessingland Sandhills, in September (Bedwell).—One, in a tuft of Aira caespitosa, in Bentley Wood, in April. 3. Luniger, Schill. Abundant, especially in moss, and beneath aspen, sallow and ivy bark in the winter. TRAPEZONOTUS. i. A g r e s t i s , Fall. Tuddenham, in moss (Sparke).—Common ; Ipswich, Felixstowe Sandhills, Bentley Woods and Lakenheath Warren. APHANUS. 1. L y n c e u s , Fab. One specimen, at roots of field grass, at East Bergholt, in April, ¡1901. 2. P e d e s t r i s , Fanz. Sproughton, beneath black poplar bark, in December, and not uncommon in Ipswich market gardens in spring.

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DRYMUS. 1. C o n f u s u s , Horv. A very dark specimen swept at Brandon, 23rd August, 1903 (Jennings,.E.M.M., 1904, p. 87 ; cf. lib. til. p. 276). 2. S y l v a t i c u s , Fab. Common from Lowestoft to Sudbury; often in flood refuse about Ipswich. 3. B r u n n e u s , Sahib. Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Much less common than the last species ; Foxhall, Bentley Woods, Hadleigh, etc. NOTOCHILUS. 1. Contractus, H. S. Kessingland Sandhills (Bedwell). —Felixstowe Sandhills (Newbery).—Lowestoft, Corton; Ipswich, uncommon in rejectamenta and sandpits. SCOLOPOSTETHUS. 1. P u b e r u l u s , Horv. One, at roots of heather, Bixley Decoy, Foxhall, 19-3-04. 2. Affinis, Schill. Common, especially at Felixstowe Cliffs ; Lowestoft, Oulton, Farnham, Ipswich, Bentley Woods, Nayland. 3. N e g l e c t u s , Edw. Bury St. Edmunds (Butler). — Oulton Broad (Bedwell).—Widely distributed, but only common at Foxhall, Lavenham, and Stoke-by-Nayland; Barham ; East Bergholt, hibernating in grass ; a fully developed example at Barton Mills, in June. 4. D e c o r a t u s , Hahn. Lowestoft (Butler).—Abundant, beneath Erica tetralix at Foxhall, and probably also other heaths. GASTRODES. 1. A b i e t i s , Linn. On a fir on Lound Heath, common (Paget). This record needs confirmation and probably refers to the following species. 2. F e r r u g i n e u s , Li?m. Battisford (one, in coll. Baker).—Tostock and Norton Wood (Tuck).—Not uncommon at Herringfleet, 10th September, 1900 (Bedwell).—Rare, beneath bark of Pinus sylvestris, Brightwell Heath, in February ; larvae at Barnby Broad. PYRRHOCORIS. 1. A p t e r u s , Linn. Many [of the apterous specimens] were found in pairs by Mr. Dash wood, junr., of Beccles, in Suffolk, on sandy banks in that neighbourhood, the middle of May (Curtis, B.E., 465).

TINGIDIDAE. SERENTHIA. i. L a e t a , Fall. Eleven from Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—One specimen at Brandon (Jennings, E.M.M., 1904, p. 87).—Swept somewhat commonly at Kessingland by Mr. Newbery and myself. B

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PIESMA. 1. Quadrata, Fieb. In profusion under Chenopodium, Felixstowe Sandhills, in August, 1901 (Newbery).—Rare, Aldeburgh and Wh-erstead, in salt marshes. 2. Capitata, Wolff. Generally distributed, but not very common ; Aldeburgh, Copdock, Oulton Broad in marsh hay, Assington Thicks and Bentley Woods on birch, Aspall Woods in grass in winter, and occasionally beneath aspen bark, about Ipswich. ORTHOSTIRA. 1. Parvula, Fall. Tuddenham, in moss (Sparke).—Brandon (Chitty). —Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Lakenheath Warren, under stones; common, especially in moss at Bentley Woods, Freston, Lowestoft, Foxhall Plateau and Sproughton. Very variable in colour. DICTYONOTA. r. Crassicornis, Fall. Felixstowe Sandhills, in August (Newbery).— Ipswich, Foxhall and Bentley Woods in sandpits, Covehithe Broad in nests of Myrmica rubra in October, Southwold Sandhills at roots of Sedum acre ; Kessingland Cliffs, Tuddenham Fen. 2. Strichnocera, Fieb. Certainly rare. I swept one specimen from mullein at Westleton, in July, 1900. DEREPHYSIA. 1. F o l i a c e a , Fall. Herringfleet (Butler).—Bentley Woods, one in a dead rabbit, early in August, 1897. MONANTHIA. r. A m p l i a t a , Fieb. Common in Tuddenham Fen (Elliott).—Brandon (Chitty).—Tostock (Tuck).—Barton Mills, by the Kennett at Moulton, Bawdsey, Ipswich and Bentley Woods ; always singly. 2. Cardui, Linn. By no means uncommon, on thistles, about Ipswich ; Lowestoft, Mutford, Lavenham, Brandon, etc. 3. Ciliata, Fieb. I swept one specimen from a hedge bottom at Bentley Woods, in April, 1895. 4. D u m e t o r u m , H. S. Tostock (Tuck). — Probably not uncommon, on hawthorn flowers, in June ; Shrubland Park, etc. 5. H u m u l i , Fab. Tuddenham Fen (Elliott).—Common ; Barton Mills, Oulton, Henstead, Southwold, Bentley Woods, etc. ARADUS. r. D e p r e s s u s , Fab. Tostock (Tuck).—Ipswich ; Assington Thicks, on oak ; Dodnash Woods. It was common on fir trees in Bentley Woods, while the timber was being felled, and appeared to be gregarious in moss and among pine chips.

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ANEURUS. i. L a e v i s , Fab. Very local. Abundant, in moss, on old tree stumps, in Bentley Woods. I counted sixty in a batch, in March, 1895.

HYDROMETRIDAE. HEBRUS. 1. P u s i l l u s , Fall. Oulton Broad, in March, 1898 (Bedwell). 2. R u f i c e p s , Thoms. I took it in rejectamenta at Oulton Broad, in May, 1898, and subsequently it occurred there commonly. HYDROMETRA. 1. S t a g n o r u m , Linn. Ditches, very common around Yarmouth (Paget). — Common, in flood refuse, Oulton Broad (Bedwell). — Easton Broad, Mildenhall, Foxhall, Westerfield, etc., common on running water. MICROVELIA. 1. P y g m a e a , Duf. Occurs fairly plentifully at Oulton Broad (Bedwell). — Not rare in the Bramford Marshes, in spring. VELIA. 1. Currens, Fab. Abundant everywhere, on running water; found sucking a dead Trichopteron at Hintlesham, in March ; a developed form in the Bramford Marshes, early in September, 1895. GERRIS. 1. R u f o s c u t e l l a t a , Latr. One specimen of this rare species on a puddle, in middle of Bentley Woods, n t h March, 1896. 2. N a j a s , Deg. Probably not uncommon, on running water; abundant, upon a mill-stream, at Nayland, in May. 3. T h o r a c i c a , Schum. Lowestoft, Oulton Broad, Bawdsey, Wherstead, Ipswich, etc. ; often upon brackish water. 4. Gibbifera, Schum. Fairly common at Blakenham, Bawdsey, Belstead. etc.; rarely upon brackish water. 5. L a c u s t r i s , Linn. Taken on salt-water ditches, I believe, on the coast of Suffolk, in August (Curtis, 553).—Abundant throughout the county. I have not noticed it upon brackish water.

REDUVIIDAE. PLOIARIA. 1. V a g a b u n d a , Linn. Rare and local ; several (one pair in cop.) beaten from holly trees in Bentley Woods, in August, 1904. 2. Culiciformis, Deg. Very rare; beaten singly from faggots, at Tuddenham St. Mary, in July and August.

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REDUVIUS. P e r s o n a t u s , Linn. Bury St. Edmunds, in a wasps' nest, in 1892, and again in 1901 (Tuck).—Once found at Brandon (Norgate).— Occasionally in the cellar of my house in Sudbury (Ransom).—Flew to light in house near Bramford, in November, 1900 (Platten).— I have not met with this curious insect, whose larva covers itself with dust, and preys upon Cimex lectularius and other insects. Paget records it as flying to light, at night, at Yarmouth. CORANUS. Subapterus, Beg. Near Thetford Bridge, in a dead rabbit (Tuck). —Bamham, in 1893 ( N o r g a t e ) . — Herringfleet (Bedwell). —Lakenheath Warren, preying upon TrapezonOtus agrestis ; Kessingland Sandhills ; not rare on heaths at Foxhall and Blythburgh, but difficult to detect, on account of its protective colouration, till smoked ; its odour is strong. NABIS. B r e v i p e n n i s , Hahn. Common everywhere ; sometimes on sugar on tree trunks at night about Ipswich. L a t i v e n t r i s , Boh. Westlèton (Elliott).—Oulton and Herringfleet (Bedwell). — Certainly common on nettles ; copulates freely in captivity. Major, Cost. Dunwich (Elliott).—Corton, Lowestoft and Bury St. Edmunds (Butler).—Local, and much less frequent than the preceding ; Freston on Malva sylvestris, Ipswich, Bentley, Southwold and Kessingland Cliffs ; Alderton on reeds commonly, in July. B o o p s , Schi'ód. One specimen, on sandhills near Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler).—One, at Mildenhall, 29th July, 1899 (Cambs. Mus.).— Very rarely, beneath Erica tetralix at Foxhall Heath, in August. F l a v o m a r g i n a t u s , Scholtz. Lowestoft and Bury (Butler).—Oulton Broad (Bedwell).—On reeds, etc., at Ipswich, Foxhall and Alderton, common in July ; a developed specimen in the Southwold salt marshes in August, 1904. L i m b a t u s , Dahlb. Generally distributed and common ; Bentley, Foxhall, Tostock, Reydon, Henstead and Oulton Broad. L i n e a t u s , Dahlb. Somewhat common in a marsh at Fritton Decoy, in 1891 (Butler).—Southwold (Saunders).—Several, on dead heads of Rumex, at Herringfleet (Bedwell). — Only recorded from the Broads District of the north-east. Henstead Marshes and Oulton Broad, in August, 1898 ; and a viacropterous example on reeds in Southwold salt marshes, in August, 1904. F e r u s , Linn. Abundant everywhere ; sometimes on heaths, under Calluna erica ; often swept as late as Noveinber. R u g o s u s , Linn. Generally distributed, but less frequent than the last ; Stowmarket, Nayland ; common, in Bentley Woods, in spring and autumn. E r i c e t o r u m , Scholtz. On heaths, apparently somewhat local ; Thetford Warren, Tuddenham Fen, Wenhaston, Blythburgh, Foxhall, Ipswich and Tostock.

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SALDIDAE. SALDA. 1. P i l o s a , Fall. Southwold (Saunders). 2. Saltatoria, Linn. Lowestoft (Butler).—Somewhat common ; Ipswich, Claydon and Bramford Marshes ; Bawdsey at brackish ditches, Oulton and Easton Broads. 3. P a l l i p e s , Fab. Brackish ditches, on the coast, sometimes under seaweed ; Felixstowe, Bawdsey and Wherstead, in April and September. 4. P i l o s e l l a , Thorns. Not uncommon, in coast salt marshes ; Wherstead, Felixstowe, Bawdsey, Aldeburgh and Easton Broad ; abundant at Southwold at the beginning of August. 5. Opacula, Zett. On banks of brackish ditches at Felixstowe, 29-4-97. 6. Orthochila, Fieb. Corton and Lowestoft (Butler).—Bramford Chalk Pits, in September (Edmonds). — Uncommon; Walberswick, and once on Epilobium hirsutum in Bentley Woods, in August. 7. Littoralis, Linn. Locally, abundant; perfect early in June ; Wherstead, Aldeburgh, Easton Broad, and on banks of the Blyth at Walberswick. 8. L a t e r a l i s , Fall. O n e , at Oulton Broad, in July, 1898 (Bedwell).— A macropterous specimen in the Aldeburgh salt marshes, in June. 9. Cincta, H. S. Abundant, on reeds, at Covehithe Broad, early in October (Elliott).—Oulton Broad, rarely (Bedwell).—Foxhall Decoy and several on banks of the Little Ouse, at Brandon, in June. 10. Cocksii, Curt. Fritton, in 1891 (Butler).—Larvae, in flood refuse, at Oulton Broad, in May, 1898.

CIMICIDAE. CERATOCOMBUS. 1. Coleoptratus, Zett. Foxhall, on Mentha, in a damp meadow, in August; apparently very rare. CIMEX. 1. L e c t u l a r i u s , Linn. I have received several records of this species (in lodgings 1). There is a rooted Suffolk belief that it is spontaneously evolved from wall-plaster ! LYCTOCORIS. i. C a m p e s t r i s , Fall. Common, from Barton Mills to Pin Mill; the larvae are often abundant in the brick basements of haystacks. I have found it in Boleti, probably preying upon larvae of Orchesia micans. PIEZOSTETHUS. 1. G a l a c t i n u s , Fieb. Several taken in marsh haystacks at Oulton Broad, in September, 1900 (Bedwell). 2. Cursitans, Fall. I took this species, in moss, on a poplar at Bildeston, in October, 1899.

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TEMNOSTETHUS. P u s i l l u s , U.S. Tostock (Tuck).—Not uncommon, beneath loose bark of pine palings ; Ipswich, Foxhall, Henstead, Barnby Broad, and on aspen at Henham. ANTHOCORIS. C o n f u s u s , Reut. Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Very abundant ; often beneath pine bark, in winter, in the central and eastern districts ; Tuddenham Fen. N e m o r a l i s , Fab. Lowestoft and Tostock (Butler). — Not very common, on nettles ; Brandon, Tuddenham, Southwold, Coddenham, Foxhall, Bentley Woods and Ipswich. S a r o t h a m n i , D.S. Several beaten from a dead fir hedge at Brandon, 24-4-04.^ S y l v e s t r i s , Linn. Abundant throughout the county ; often found in numbers upon umbelliferous flowers. TETRAPHLEPS. V i t t a t a , Fieb. Tostock, in October, 1896 (Tuck). — Uncommon; Tuddenham Fen and Bentley Woods, on fir trees, in 1904. A C O M POCO R I S . P y g m a e u s , Fall. Not uncommon, on fir trees, in Bentley Woods and Barnby Broad, in 1904. A l p i n u s , Reut. Two or three, beaten from fir trees, in Barnby Broad, 2-8-04. TRIPHLEPS. Nigra, Wolff. Tuddenham (Elliott).—Southwold (Saunders).—Common at Brandon, in September. M a j u s c u l a , Reut. Extremely common throughout the county, especially on aquatic plants ; sometimes under oak bark, in the winter ; often on Angelica sylvestris flowers. M i n u t a , Linn. I swept a somewhat doubtful example of this species at Foxhall, in September, 1903. BRACHYSTELES. P a r v i c o r n i s , Cost. Two females, under a low elm hedge, near Walberswick, in 1877 (Saunders, E.M.M., 1877, p. 164 et 1889, p. 44).— One, swept in a small wood at Kessingland, 30-7-04. CARDIASTETHUS. F a s c i i v e n t r i s , Garb. Singly, by sweeping weeds at Nayland and beating hawthorn at Coddenham and Brandon, in May ; two, beaten from fir trees, in Raydon Wood, in April (cf. E.M.M., 1899, p. 117).

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XYLOCORIS. I. Ater, Duf. The bright red larvae are conspicuous objects beneath dead pine bark ; Bentley, Blakenham, Sproughton and Claydon. XYLOCORIDEA. I. B r e v i p e n n i s , Reut. I have taken an example of this species beneath hawthorn bark, in Framlinghatn Castle moat, in April, 1901 (cf. E.M.M., 1898, p. 251). This is the second British record. MICROPHYSA. 1. P s e l a p h i f o r m i s , Curt. A male, in the Brandon District, early in June (Chitty).—Four, from Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Tuddenham, one beaten from faggots, in July, 1903. 2. E l e g a n t u l a , Bacr. Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler).—Blakenham, and beneath bark of pine railing in Bentley Woods ; beaten from trees, at Freston, Barham and Tuddenham. MYRMEDOBIA. 1. T e n e l l a , Zett. Southwold (Saunders). 2. I n c o n s p i c u a , D. S. Lowestoft, both sexes, at roots of grass on sandhills (Saunders).—At roots of grass near Southwold (old) Pier (E.M.M., 1889, p. 44).

CAPSIDAE. PITHANUS. I. Maerkeli, H. S. Common about Ipswich, by general sweeping ; Southwold and Lowestoft Sandhills. ACETROPIS. r. Gimmerthalii, Flor. Southwold (Saunders).—Very local, and only in dry situations ; common on Walberswick Heath, in July ; turned up commonly and unexpectedly in the middle of Bentley Woods, where it had been unknown (for at least ten years), in 1903. MIRIS. 1. Calcaratus, Fall. Fritton and Lowestoft (Butler).—Oulton Broad (Bedwell). — Rarely very common, though widely distributed, and taken freely at Easton Broad. 2. L a e v i g a t u s , Linn. Abundant throughout the county ; captured by Butler, Bedwell, Elliott, Newbery, Tuck, etc. MEGALOCERAEA. I. Erratica, Linn. Covehithe (Elliott).—Lowestoft and Bury (Butler). —Oulton (Bedwell).—Stowmarket, Ipswich, etc.; common.

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2. L o n g i c o r n i s , Fall. Bungay (Tuck, Trans. Norf. Soc., 1903, p. 527). —Bramford, Barham, and on umbels at Bildeston ; common in July, on flowering grasses. 3. Ruficornis, Fourc. Lowestoft (Butler). — Only locally abundant, especially on reeds at Alderton, and marram grass at Southwold ; Ipswich District, Yoxford, Corton Cliffs, Tuddenham Fen, etc. TERATOCORIS. 1. A n t e n n a t u s , Boh. Aldeburgh, in August (Tuck, Trans. Norf. Soc., 1902, p. 332).—Singly, on reeds, at Easton and Covehithe Broads, in September. LEPTOPTERNA. 1. Ferrugata, Fall. Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler).—Oulton Broad, in July, 1898 (Bedwell).—This common species appears to be quite rare in Suffolk. I have only twice taken it. 2. Dolobrata, Linn. Abundant everywhere, on long grass, in June ; sometimes on Achillea millefolium ; Yoxford, Dennington, etc. MONALOCORIS. 1. F i l i c i s , Linn. Fritton (Butler). — Kesgrave, Wherstead, Foxhall, Bentley, Dodnash Woods and Shrubland Park, on Pteris aquilina ; common at Freston, in August. PANTILIUS. 1. T u n i c a t u s , Fab. Tostock, not uncommon, in October (Tuck).— Orford (Gibbs). — Brandon, Thetford and Bentley Woods, very sparingly. LOPUS. 1. G o t h i c u s , Linn. I have twice taken the var. superciliosus, D. S., on white poplar in Bentley Woods at the end of J u n e ; the type form has not been met with in Suffolk, though the cuneus of one of the above specimens is red. 2. F l a v o m a r g i n a t u s , Don. By no means uncommon in Bentley Woods upon oak and poplar. I have found it, apparently preying upon Aphides, on seeding Heracleum sphondylium flowers. MIRIDIUS. 1. Quadrivirgatus, Cost. Lowestoft (Saunders). — Mr. Thouless tells me he has also taken it there. PHYTOCORIS. 1. D i s t i n c t u s , D.S. Apparently somewhat rare; on an aspen at Farnham, and a wall beneath limes in Ipswich, in July. 2. P o p u l i , Linn. Found on alders in marshes, at Barnby Broad and Henstead, in August, 1898.

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3. Tiliae, Fab. Oulton Broad, in September (Bedwell). — Southwold and Tostock, in October (Tuck).—Bentley Woods on sugar on oak trunks ; Freston, Ipswich. 4. L o n g i p e n n i s , Flor. Lovvestoft and Corton, in 1891 (Butler).—Not uncommon ; Bentley Woods, on birch and holly ; Freston, on poplar ; Henstead Marshes, in August. 5. D i m i d i a t u s , Kb. Taken singly on sugar at night in Bentley Woods on willow; and at Ipswich on ash, in 1895. 6. V a r i p e s , Boh. Lowestoft (Butler).—Common at Foxhall and Aldeburgh, in July ; Bentley Woods and Dodnash, frequently swept. 7. U l m i , Linn. Lowestoft (Butler).—Widely distributed ; Bentley, on poplar ; Bealings, on umbels ; Bildeston, on elm ; Burgh Castle and Tostock. CALOCORIS. 1. Striatellus, Fab. Bentley Woods (Elliott).—Bungay (Tuck).—Not very common, on large trees ; Assington, Coddenham, Blakenham, Wortham, etc. 2. F u l v o m a c u l a t u s , Deg. Apparently rare in the Eastern counties ; Barham, Freston and Bentley Woods, in June. 3. B i p u n c t a t u s , Fab. Abundant, throughout the county, on Tanacetum vu/gare, ragwort, Vicia saliva, and very often umbelliferous flowers. 4. Chenopodii, Fait. Tostock (Tuck).—Much less frequent than the last species ; Ipswich District, often on Vicia saliva ; Southwold Sandhills, common. 5. R o s e o m a c u l a t u s , De G. Lowestoft (Butler).—Tostock (Tuck).— By no means common ; Bramford, on Onottis ; Bentley Woods and Pakefield Cliffs, in July ; Barnby Broad, in August. 6. I n f u s u s , H. S. Aldeburgh, on oak, and Tostock (Tuck).—Herringfleet, not uncommon, on Pinus sylvestris (Bedwell).—Rare ; Bentley Woods, one swept at dusk from Hypericum hirsutum, 21-9-95. 7. Striatus, Linn. Lound Wood, uncommon (Paget). — Brandon (Chitty).—Not rare, upon tall oaks ; Bentley Woods, etc. ONCOGNATHUS. x. B i n o t a t u s , Fab. Lowestoft (Butler).—Attracted to light at Tostock (Tuck).—Generally distributed, and common about Ipswich ; Southwold, Barnby Broad and Herringswell Fen. DICHROOSCYTUS. 1. Rufipennis, Fait. Rare; beaten, from Scotch fir, in Bentley Woods and at Kessingland, in July, 1904. PLESIOCORIS. 1. Rugicollis, Fait. 4-7-04.

Not uncommon, on sallows, in Foxhall Marshes,

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LYGUS. P r a t e n s i s , Fab. Covehithe (Elliott).—Tuddenham Fen, in moss (Sparke).—Lavenham, Walberswick, etc. ; abundant, often on ragwort in autumn, and in moss in early spring. A t o m a r i u s , Mey. Mr. Tuck sent me one of these which he had captured at Tostock, in 1896 or 1897 (Butler).—This species has been hitherto represented in Britain by a single colony, on a silver fir tree, at Stratton Strawless, in Norfolk (cf. Trans. Norf. Soc., 1884, p. 701), and is said to be rare upon the Continent. Rubricatus, Fall. Southwold (Saunders).—Rare; I swept a specimen at Foxhall late in August, 1896. C o n t a m i n a t u s , Fall. Not uncommon about Ipswich, on alder and Tanacetum vulgare, in July. Viridis, Fall. Several beaten at Foxhall, 4-7-04 ; Kentford, 19-8-04. L u c o r u m , Mey. Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler).—Southwold (Saunders).— Swept at Brandon, in July, 1903. Mr. Butler has found the var. nigronasutus at Corton. Spinolae, Mey. Fritton and Corton, by Mr. Butler (Saunders).— One, on sallow, in Bramford Marshes, 5-9-04. P a b u l i n u s , Linn. Tostock (Tuck).—Fritton (Butler).—Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Abundant, from Kentford to Lowestoft. P a s t i n a c e a e , Fall. Southwold and Tuddenham Fen (Elliott).— Lowestoft (Butler).—Claydon, on Angelica; Saxham, on Chaerophyllum ; Lavenham, etc.; abundant, on Angelica sylvestris, at Freston. Cervinus, H. S. Tostock (Tuck).—Found rarely on firs at Foxhall and in the Bramford Marshes, in 1904. Kalmii, Linn. Common from Brandon to Bramford, and Oulton to Lavenham. ZYGIMUS. P i n a s t r i , Fall. Lowestoft, Corton, Fritton and Somerleyton (Butler). — Bramford, on Melilotus officinalis; in the Waveney Marshes at Beccles ; on pine trees at Barnby Broad and in Bentley Woods. POECILOSCYTUS. Gyllenhalii, Fall. Not very common ; Bentley and Stanstead Woods, on Scabiosa ; it strongly resembles a Bruchus in the sweepnet. N i g r i t u s , Fall. Two examples swept in Cutler's Wood, Freston, 22-7-04. _ U n i f a s c i a t u s , Fab. Tuddenham Fen, not uncommon, at the end of August, on Spiraea ultnaria flowers (Elliott). CAMPTOBROCHIS. L u t e s c e n s , Schill. Tostock, several in October (Tuck).—Tuddenham Fen (Elliott).—Apparently rare ; I have only taken it singly at Lavenham, Shrubland Park on box, and in the Henstead Marshes.

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LIOCORIS. T r i p u s t u l a t u s , Fab. Abundant on Urtica dioica throughout the county from Herringfleet to Nayland and Eriswell. CAPSUS. L a n a r i u s , Linn. Thurston, Tostock, Foxhall and Bentley Woods ; abundant, on flowers and shrubs, in Ipswich gardens ; sometimes inflicts a painful puncture. RHOPALOTOMUS. Ater, Linn. Common throughout the county ; often found upon flowers of Heracleum sphondylium and meadow-sweet. PILOPHORUS. Cinnamopterus, Kb. One specimen, in Tuddenham Fen, by sweeping, at the end of August, 1902 (Elliott). ALLODAPUS. R u f e s c e n s , H. S. A few at Lowestoft and Herringfleet (Butler, E.M.M., 1891, p. 277).—I believe I have seen it, in moss, in Suffolk ; it is said to occur in the evening. HALTICUS. L u t e i c o l l i s , Panz. Rarely, on hazel, in Cutler's Wood, Freston, in July and August, 1904. A p t e r u s , Linn. Brandon, in August, 1903 (Jennings, E.M.M., 1904, p. 87).—Often commonly swept at Blakenham, Foxhall, Brandon, etc., from Ononis. ORTHOCEPHALUS. Saltator, Hahn. Brandon (Chitty).—In marshes at Beccles and Ipswich ; both sexes at Bramford, in August. Mutabilis, Fall. Lowestoft (Saunders). DICYPHUS. Epilobii, Reut. Abundant, upon Epilobium hirsutum, throughout the county. E r r a n s , Wolff. Not uncommon, in September, especially upon chamomile ; Ipswich, Wherstead, Freston, Dodnash Wood, etc. S t a c h y d i s , Reut. Tostock (Tuck).—On Stachys sylvatica at Kessingland ; Shrubland Park and Foxhall, in May ; abundant, on nettles, at Wherstead, late in October. Pallidicornis, Fieb. In the greatest profusion, upon flowering Digitalis purpurea, in Cutler's Wood, Freston, in June and July, 1904.

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S U F F O L K .27

5. Globulifer, Fall. Common ; Lowestoft, Southwold, Wherstead, Washbrook and Coddenham. 6. A n n u l a t u s , Wulff. Bramford and Sudbury; common on Onotiis spinosa at Blakenham in November, and at Southwold and Kessingland in July. CAMPYLONEURA. 1. Virgula, Ii. S. Lowestoft (Butler).—Tostock, in July (Tuck).— Not uncommon, especially upon holly; Thorington Park, Kessingland, Barham, Wherstead, etc. CYLLOCORIS. 1. H i s t r i o n i c u s , Linn. Bentley Woods (Elliott).—Foxhall, Assington Thicks, etc., on oak. 2. F l a v o n o t a t u s , Boh. Herringfleet (Bedwell).—Tostock (Tuck).— Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Bentley Woods, Coddenham, Assington, Wortham ; commoner than the last. AETORHINUS. 1. A n g u l a t u s , Fab. Lowestoft (Butler).—Oulton Broad (Bedwell).— Tostock, in October (Tuck).—Very common ; on alder in Barnby Broad, and on birch in Tuddenham F e n ; it is sometimes attracted to electric light at night in Ipswich. GLOBICEPS. 1. F l a v o m a c u l a t u s , Fab. I swept one specimen of this species in the Bramford Marshes, early in August, 1897. 2. Dispar, Boh. Both sexes, and a macropterous female, in a marsh at Fritton, the latter form also at Corton (Butler, E.M.M., 1891, p. 277). —Certainiy uncommon ; Foxhall, and the macropterous form in the Henstead Marshes, in August. MECOMMA. 1. A m b u l a n s , Fall. Common; Southwold, Bentley Woods,' Woodbridge, Barham, Freston, etc. CYRTORRHINUS. 1. Caricis, Fall. Several, at roots of Juncus, at Wherstead, 24-7-04. 2. P y g m a e u s , Zett. Lowestoft (Thouless). 3. F l a v e o l u s , Reut. One macropterous specimen at Fritton (Butler, E.M.M., 1891, p. 277). Apparently confined to Norfolk and Suffolk. ORTHOTYLUS. 1. B i l i n e a t u s , Fall. Common, on white poplar, at Henham Park, Foxhall, Freston and Bentley Woods. 2. F l a v i n e r v i s , Kb. Bury St. Edmunds, in 1903 (Tuck). — Several, beaten from alder, in Barnby Broad and in Cutler's Wood, Freston.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

3. Marginalis, Reut. Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler).—Bury (Tuck).— On oak in Tuddenham Fen, on alder at Fritton, and common on willow at Southwold, Oulton Broad, Foxhall, Bramford, Barham and Bildeston. 4. T e n e l l u s , Fall. One, beaten from hazel, in Cutler's Wood, Freston, 27-6-04. 5. Viridinervis, Kb. I beat a specimen, from the undergrowth, in Barham Oak Wood, 18-7-04. 6. P r a s i n u s , Fall. Southwold (Saunders, E.M.M., 1877, p. 164). 7. D i a p h a n u s , Kb. Wherstead (Edmonds).—A few in Holbon Marsh, near Lowestoft, and on willows at Kentford, in August. 8. F l a v o s p a r s u s , Sahlb. Corton, in 1891 (Butler). — Lowestoft (Saunders). — Abundant, on Arteviisia maritima, at Wherstead, 9-8-04. 9. Chloropterus, Kb. Common, on broom, at Ipswich, Wherstead, Burgh Castle and Dodnash Woods. 10. R u b i d u s , Put. Several of the var. Moncreaffi on Artemisia maritima in the Southwold salt marshes, 1-8-04. 11. Ericetorum, Fall. Lowestoft (Butler).—On heather, in August, probably common ; Foxhall and Hollesley Heaths. HYPSITYLUS. 1. Bicolor, D.S. gorse.

Foxhall, Bentley Woods and Freston ; common, on LOXOPS.

1. C o c c i n e u s , Mey.

One, beaten from ash, at Kentford, 19-8-04. HETEROTOMA.

1. Merioptera, Scop. Lowestoft and Tostock (Butler).—Southwold, Dennington, Ipswich, etc.; very common, on nettles, and often Vicia sativa. HETEROCORDYLUS. 1. T i b i a l i s , Hahn. Abundant, on broom, at Ipswich, Bentley Woods, Sproughton, the heaths about Brandon, etc., in June. MALACOCORIS. 1. Chlorizans, Fall. Possibly common locally ; Bentley Woods very rare on hazel, and once in a ditch at Dodnash, in September. ONYCHU MENÜS. 1. D e c o l o r , Fall. Lowestoft (Butler). — Locally abundant; Southwold, in July ; Aying commonly in the sunshine on Foxhall Plateau, Freston, Wherstead on Polygonum, Kessingland Denes. ONCOTYLUS. 1. Viridiflavus, Goeze. Lowestoft (Butler).—Tuddenham Fen, and commonly in chalk pits at Little Blakenham, in July.

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S U F F O L K .27

MACROTYLUS. Paykulli, Fall. Abundant, on Ononis spinosa, at Little Blakenham, Kessingland and Southwold, in July. Solitarius, Mey. I have swept this species at Tostock while collecting with Mr. Tuck, early in August, 1897. CONOSTETHUS. R o s e u s , Fall. Ipswich and Shrubland Park, in July. Mr. Elliott and I have found it commonly among Trifolium arvense and beneath stones on Foxhall Plateau. MACROCOLEUS. H o r t u l a n u s , Mey. Taken by Mr. Thouless at Lowestoft (Trans. Norf. Soc., 1889, p. 708). M o l l i c u l u s , Fall. Lowestoft (Butler).—Widely distributed ; Ipswich, Bramford, Tostock, Burgh Castle, Tuddenham, etc. ; abundant at Corton. AMBLYTYLUS. Affinis, Fieb. Bucklesham, on Hypericum hirsutum, and both sexes in the Bramford Marshes, in July, 1904. HARPOCERA. T h o r a c i c a , Fall. Common, on trees ; Lavenham, Stanstead, Assington, Farnham, Tostock, Stowmarket, Staverton, Foxhall, Bentley Woods, and on Chaerophyllum at Wherstead. BYRSOPTERA. Rufifrons, Fall. Common; Tostock, Kessingland, Barham, Freston, Bentley Woods and Ipswich. Male rarely met with. PHYLUS. P a l l i c e p s , Fieb. Lowestoft (Butler).—Uncommon, on oaks ; Bentley Woods, in 1894 ; Freston and Foxhall. M e l a n o c e p h a l u s , Linn. Herringswell Fen, in 1903 (Sparke).—Not uncommon, on poplar, at Barton Mills, in June ; Bentley Woods, sparingly ; Freston and Bramford. Coryli, Linn. Bury (Tuck).—Often abundant in woods at Mutford, Barham on Heracleum sphondylium, and Bentley ; all the Suffolk examples I have taken are referable to the var. avellanae, H.S. ATRACTOTOMUS. Mali, Mey. Mr. Tuck tells me he took this at Bnngay, in 1903. M a g n i c o r n i s , Fall. Somerleyton (Butler).—Bungay, on Scots fir, in garden (Tuck, Norf. Trans., 1904, p. 636).—Uncommon at Belstead and Bentley, in July.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

PSALLUS. 1. A m b i g u u s , Fall. Rare, in Oulton Broad, in July (Bedwell).—A few beaten from alder at Barnby Broad and Freston. 2. B e t u l e t i , Fall. Rarely met with; Assington Thicks on birch, Barton Mills on reeds, Sproughton on alder in June. 3. O b s c u r e l l u s , Fall. On an aspen, in Barnby Broad, in August, 1898 ; Bentley Woods, not rare, on fir trees. 4. Variabilis, Fall. Abundant everywhere, from Oulton to Assington ; often in numbers upon Coniurn maculalum flower, in June. 5. L e p i d u s , Fieb. Lowestoft (Butler).—Bury, in 1903 (Tuck).—Somewhat common, on hazel and Cnicus, at Freston, Bentley Woods, Foxhall, Barham, and the var. minor ( = roseus, D. and S ), at Kessingland. 6. A l n i c o l a , D.S. Two, beaten from alder, in Cutler's Wood, Freston, 28-8-04. 7. V a r i a n s , HS. Widely distributed and fairly common; it occurs here, on poplar, aspen, birch and flowers, in June. 8. D i m i n u t u s , Kb. I beat an example of this species from oak, in Tuddenham Fen, early in July, 1903. 9. S a n g u i n e u s , Fab. Abundant in Tuddenham Fen on Salix cinerea, in August (Elliott).—Not rare, on sallow; Ipswich, Bramford and Foxhall. 10. S a l i c e l l u s , Mey. Beaten from bushes, in Mutford and Bentley Woods ; Freston, on birch and alder. 11. R o t e r m u n d i , Schltz. Abundant on white poplar, at Brandon, early in July, 1903. PLAGIOGNATHUS. 1. A l b i p e n n i s , Fall. Abundantly swept from Artemisia, at Aldeburgh, Southwold and Dunwich, in July. 2. Viridulus, Fall. Common everywhere upon Verbascum, Vicia sativa, Spiraea ulmaria, etc. 3. A r b u s t o r u m , Fab. Commoner than the last species; often found upon flowers and ragwort (cf. E.M.M., 1904, p. 184). 4. Roseri, H.S. Bungay, in 1902 (Tuck, Trans. Norf. Soc. vii. p. 527). —Swept, rarely, on banks of Waveney at Beccles, and of Gipping at Ipswich. 5. P u l i c a r i u s , Fall. Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Common in dry fields and coast sandhills, on broom and in rabbit holes, from Foxhall Plateau to Lakenheath Warren. 6. S a l t i t a n s , Fall. Not uncommon on sandhills, at Lowestoft, the beginning of June (Curtis, 693).—I have only found it upon Foxhall Plateau, where it is abundant beneath stones and among Ornithopus perpusillus (cf. E.M.M., 1901, p. 66). ASCIODEMA. 1. O b s o l e t u m , D.S. Lowestoft, in 1891 (Butler). — Rare; Blakenham and Foxhall, on Hypericum ; Bentley Woods, on hazel.

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S U F F O L K .27

CRYPTOCERATA. NAUCORIS. i. C i m i c o i d e s , Linn. Ditches, very common around Yarmouth (Paget). — Oulton Broad (Bedwell). — Abundant in ponds at Tostock, in August (Tuck). — I have found it at Ipswich, and commonly in brackish ditches at Bawdsey, in 1891 ; it possesses the power of inflicting a very painful puncture. NEPA. 1. Cinerea, Linn. Ditches, very common around Yarmouth (Paget).— Abundant in stagnant water, throughout the county. RANATRA. 1. L i n e a r i s , Linn. They have been taken in Suffolk (Curtis, B.E. 281). — An old specimen from Battisford (in coli. Baker).—Rediscovered at Tostock, by Mr. Tuck, in October, 1901; he took several specimens in one pond in a field (cf. Trans. Norf. Soc., 1902, p. 333 et 1903» P- 5 2 7)NOTONECTA. 1. G l a u c a , Linn. Abundant throughout the county. Paget records the var. furcata, Fab., as common in Bradwell Lily Pits, in November. PLEA. 1. M i n u t i s s i m a , Fab. stagnant water.

In the greatest profusion about Ipswich, in CORIXA.

1. GeofFroyi, Leach. Bury St. Edmunds (Tuck). — Oulton Broad (Bedwell).—Very common at Bramford, Westerfield, Hitcham, etc. 2. A t o m a r i a , Iiiig. I believe I took this commonly at Bawdsey, in May, 1891 ; but it has not been met with since, and requires confirmation. 3. L u g u b r i s , Fieb. In the greatest profusion—literally hundreds—in brackish ditches at Bawdsey (Elliott).—Kessingland and Wherstead, in brackish water. 4. H i e r o g l y p h i c a , Duf. Foxhall, Belstead and Bramford; Felixstowe Sandhills, in brackish water. 5. Sahlbergi, Fieb. Bury (Tuck). — Ipswich, Foxhall, Bramford, etc., common. 6. L i n n a e i , Fieb. Ipswich, Bentley Woods, Bawdsey, and common in Bramford Marshes. 7. L i m i t a t a , Fieb. Two, in Bramford Marshes, 28-3-04. 8. Striata, Linn. Martlesham and Ipswich ; common in brooks, rarely in brackish water. 9. F a l l e n i i , Fieb. This usually common species appears very rare in Suffolk ; I took one specimen in the Ipswich District in 1893, and one other in the Bramford Marshes, 20-3-04.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

10. D i s t i n c t a , Fieb. Apparently uncommon in Ipswich ponds and the Bramford Marshes. 11. M o e s t a , Fieb. Ipswich, Westerfield, Bramford, etc. ; common. 12. Fabricii, Fieb. Foxhall, Bramford and Ipswich ; apparently uncommon, in April. 13. P r a e u s t a , Fieb. Uncommon ; in brackish water at Wherstead, in March, 1904 ; Bramford Marshes and Bawdsey. 14. Coleoptrata, Fab. One, at Oulton Broad, in October (Bedwell).— Somewhat common at Bixley Decoy, in March.

HOMOPTERA. CICADIDAE. CENTROTUS. 1. Cornutus, Linn. Lowestoft common (Tuck). — Assington Woods, on birch and poplar; tember ; it flies in hot sunshine

District (Bedwell). — Tostock, unThicks, and common in Bentley the larvae are often swept in Sepwith a loud hum.

GARGARA. 1. G e n i s t a e , Fab. Abounds at Barnham and Downham, on broom (Norgate).—Locally common, on broom, at Tostock (Tuck).—A (ew, on broom, at Barren Heath, Ipswich, 7-9-04. ISSUS. 1. Coleoptratus, Geoff. One, in wasps' nest in a holly bush, at Tostock (Tuck).—Ipswich District, one, in 1894; Bentley Woods, one, 11-7-04. CIXIUS. 1. P i l o s u s , 01. Only found on large trees in well wooded districts ; Bentley, Assington, Monk Park Wood and Brandon, on oak. 2. Cunicularius, Linn. Tostock (Tuck).—Rare ; I have only once found it in Assington Thicks ; and an example of the var. Dionysii in Cutler's Wood, Freston. N e r v o s u s , Linn. Common on tall trees and small poplars throughout the county ; common on reeds, in a treeless salt-marsh, at Southwold. c

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DELPHACIDAE. ASIRACA. i.

Clavicornis, Fab. Henstead, near Wangford (Curtis).—I beat one from Pinus, early in May, 1897, in Bentley Woods; and swept another at Blakenham, in April, 1898. DELPHAX.

P u l c h e l l a , Curt. Somewhat common on reeds, in Benacre Broad, in August, 1898. [Also common at Chippenham Fen.] LIBURNIA.

1. N o t u l a , Germ. Several, swept from reeds, at Oulton Broad, 31-7-04. 2. L i n e ó l a , Germ. Swept at Dodnash and Bentley Woods ; Wherstead, and found at roots of grass at Ipswich, in winter. 3. F u s c o v i t t a t a , Stai. Mr. Elliott and I found it very common in one spot, on reeds, in Tuddenham Fen, 25-4-04. 4. L o n g i p e n n i s , Cart. Locally abundant at Foxhall, by sweeping Carex paniculata, in August, and at its roots in winter. 5. V i t t i p e n n i s , Sahl. Kessingland, and several in Tuddenham Fen, August, 1904. 6. P u n c t u l u m , Kbm. Fritton (Butler). — Not uncommon among reeds, at Bramford, Claydon Bridge and Barren Heath, in September; Bixley Decoy, swept, in March. 7. Scotti, Fieb. Occurs with L. punctulum, of which it is probably only a variety, at Bixley Decoy, in early spring and late August ; the macropterous form has occurred to me in Tuddenham Fen. 8. G l a u c e s c e n s , Fieb. I have found it commonly on reeds, in coast marshes, in Suffolk; Southwold, August, 1896 (Edwards, E.M.M., 1898, p. 60). 9. E l e g a n t u l a , Boh. On Carex paniculata at Foxhall ; at Kentford and Tuddenham Fen, in August, 1904. 10. L e p t o s o m a , Flor. Foxhall, etc. ; common, by sweeping in marshy places. 11. P e l l u c i d a , Fab. Lowestoft (Butler).—Wherstead and Cutler's Wood, Freston, abundant in July ; Claydon, Oulton Broad, Southwold, Corton, Kentford, Tuddenham Fen and Benacre Broad. 12. Difficilis, Edw. One doubtful specimen in an Ipswich garden, in June. 13. Discolor, Boh. Uncommon; Tuddenham Fen and Martlesham Heath, in June. 14. E x i g u a , Boh. Swept, rarely, from Ononis, in Bramford Chalk Pits, in June and July. 15. F a i r m a i r e i , Ptrr. One, among a lot of L. pellucida, in Cutler's Wood, Freston, 22-7-04. 16. S p e c i o s a , Boh. Tuddenham Fen, in August (Elliott).—By the Gipping at Ipswich ; Barton Mills and Brandon, in June. It is said to occur on Phragmites communis ; J. C. Dale took it in 1832.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

L i m b a t a , Fab. Abundant everywhere in marshes; South wold, Tostock, Foxhall, etc. L i n e a t a , Perr. One, among long grass, Broomswell Heath, Woodbridge, 14-6-04. DICRANOTROPIS. H a m a t a , Boh. Lowestoft (Butler).—Common ; Belstead, Ipswich, Bramford, Kessingland, Freston, Foxhall and Tuddenham Fen ; at roots of plants upon Southwold Cliffs, in July. STIROMA. A l b o m a r g i n a t a , Curt. On reeds and scabious in Bentley Woods ; a few swept in Tuddenham Fen, in May. Pteridis, Boh. Abundant upon Pteris aquilina throughout the county. Affinis, Fieb. Swept from bracken, in Cutler's Wood, Freston, 27-6-04.

CERCOPIDAE. TRIECPHORA. V u l n e r a t a , Illig. Only in the south ; Assington Thicks, Holbrook P a r k ; often common on white poplar, and flying in sunshine, in Bentley Woods. APHROPHORA. A l n i , Fall. Bury St. Edmunds (Tuck).—Barham, Bentley Woods, Bramford and Claydon Marshes ; common. S a l i c i s , Deg. Tostock (Tuck).—Barnby Broad, Foxhall and Wherstead; much less frequent than the last species. PHILAENUS. S p u m a r i u s , Linn. Only too common everywhere. Of the varieties instanced by Edwards, gibba and populi (which latter is often bright green) are the commonest. I have also found varr. bigultata, leucophthalma, lateralis, marginella, praeusta and lineata. C a m p e s t r i s , Fall. Aldeburgh and Felixstowe Cliffs, common in July ; Foxhall, Stowmarket, Corton Cliffs, Benacre Broad, etc. ; all in the east. E x c l a m a t i o n i s , Thunb. Probably not uncommon ; Lowestoft Denes in August, and Foxhall in September. L i n e a t u s , Linn. Lowestoft (Butler).—Tostock, in October (Tuck). —Not uncommon ; Ipswich, abundant at Foxhall, and a pair in cop., at Burgh Castle. LEDRA. Aurita, Linn. Two old specimens from Battisford (in coll. Baker).— Tostock, rarely (Tuck).—Beaten, rarely, from oak in Bentley Woods and Assington Thicks.

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ULOPA. r. Reticulata, Fab. Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Abundant everywhere, beneath heather; Lowestoft Denes, Foxhall and Hollesley Heaths, etc. MEGOPHTHALMUS. i. S c a n i c u s , Fall. Abundant in sandy places, upon heather and Chenopodium, both inland and upon coast sandhills.

BYTHOSCOPIDAE. MACROPSIS. I. L a n i o , Linn. Lowestoft (Butler).—Ipswich, Foxhall and Bentley Woods ; by no means common, on oak. BYTHOSCOPUS. 1. Alni, Sehr. Certainly uncommon ; Belstead, Freston, Barnby Broad, Bentley Woods and Sproughton, on alder; Foxhall, on hazel, in June and July. 2. R u f u s c u l u s , Fieb. Rare ; Tuddenham Fen, and beaten from birch in Bentley Woods, in August, 1904. 3. F l a v i c o l l i s , Linn. Very common from Brandon to Assington, on birch. PEDIOPSIS. 1. S c u t e l l a t u s , Boh. I beat this species from poplar, in July, 1897, at Ipswich ; and found it again this year, commonly on bramble, here in September. 2. T i b i a l i s , Scott. Wherstead, in July, and common at Tostock on bramble, early in August. 3. F u s c i n e r v i s , Boh. One specimen occurred to me upon white poplar at Foxhall, in 1902. 4. I m p u r u s , Boh. Occurs, perhaps commonly, among Salix repens in Tuddenham Fen ; Barham oak wood, in July. 5. U l m i , Scott. I beat a somewhat doubtful exponent of this species at Ipswich, in July, 1896. 6. Cereus, Germ. Beaten from sallow in Tuddenham Fen, late in August. 7. V i r e s c e n s , Fab. Once taken at Tostock (Tuck). — Rare, on sallow at Barham, willow at Kentford, and alder at Foxhall. IDIOCERUS. 1. A d u s t u s , H. S. Tostock, in October (Tuck).—Bildeston, Kentford, Foxhall and Ipswich, 011 Salix alba, uncommonly, in September. 2. D i s t i n g u e n d u s , Kbm. Aldeburgh, in 1901 (Tuck, Trans. Norf. Soc., 1902, p. 332).—Beaten from white poplar, in July, at Freston and Assington Thicks.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

2 7

3. T r e m u l a e , Estl. One, beaten from white poplar, in Bentley Woods, 16-8-04. 4. Lituratus, Fall. Beaten from sallows, at the end of August, 1902 (Elliott). — Rare and agile; on sallow, Barren Heath, Ipswich, in September. 5. F u l g i d u s , Fab. I took a somewhat doubtful specimen of this species on a large aspen, by the Aide, at Farnham, in July, 1899. 6. P o p u l i , Linn. Very common everywhere, on Populus alba, in July and August. 7. C o n f u s u s , Fior. Rare ; taken on a poplar tree, at Grundisburgh, in July, 1897 ; Bramford Marshes, Barren Heath on sallow and Foxhall, common, in 1904. 8. A l b i c a n s , Kbm. Local ; Freston, Tuddenham Fen, and marshes at Brandon, on white poplar, in July and August. AGALLIA. 1. P u n c t i c e p s , Germ. Not very common, in damp places at Barnby Broad, Kentford, Barham, Bramford, Wherstead and Blakenham. 2. V e n o s a , Fall. Not uncommon ; Ipswich, Claydon, Southwold, Tuddenham, Brandon, etc. EVACANTHUS. 1. Interruptus, Linn. Lowestoft (Butler). — Often common on ragwort, at Blakenham, Bentley Wood, Beriacre Broad, Burgh Castle. 2. A c u m i n a t u s , Fab. Less common than the last species,; Ipswich, Bramford in September, Assington Thicks in July, and Lowestoft. TETTIGONIA. i. V i r i d i s , Linn. Tuddenham Fen, abundant (Elliott). — Mildenhall (Cambs. Mus.).—Tostock (Tuck). — Ipswich, Oulton Broad, etc. ; common, with the var. arutidinis, in August.

ACOCEPHALIDAE. ACOCEPHALUS. 1. N e r v o s u s , Sehr. Common throughout the county in both wet and dry situations. Mr. Tuck has found it in a Vespa germanica nest. 2. B i f a s c i a t u s , Linn. Tostock (Tuck).—Uncommon, on the banks of the Gipping, at Ipswich. 3. Albifrons, Linn. Lowestoft (Butler). — Bentley Woods, Ipswich, Foxhall, Blythburgh, Southwold Cliffs, Walberswick, Benacre Broad, Tuddenham ; often in sand pits and rabbits' holes, on heaths, as well as at roots of reeds in coast salt marshes. 4. B r u n n e o - b i f a s c i a t u s , Geoff. Lowestoft (Butler). — At roots of plants on the coast ; Southwold, Kessingland, Oulton Broad, Kentford and Corton Cliffs.

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5. H i s t r i o n i c u s , Fab. Beneath stones on Foxhall Plateau, early in July, 1899 ; apparently scarce. 6. F l a v o s t r i a t u s , Doti. Fritton (Butler).—One, swept on the Kessingland Cliffs, in July, 1904. EUPELIX. I. Cuspidata, Fab. Rare ; in Tuddenham Fen and upon the open heaths about Brandon, in June. In July, 1904, I found several, together with larvae, upon the Foxhall Plateau ; its protective colouration is good and powers of leaping poor. DORATURA. I. Stylata, Boh. Not uncommon at Bentley Woods, Foxhall Plateau, Kessingland Denes, in October. I have taken the macropterous form at Ipswich, in July. PARAMESUS. I. N e r v o s u s , Fall. Aldeburgh, in August (Tuck). — Not rare upon Scirpus maritimus on the coast, at Ipswich and Southwold. GLYPTOCEPHALUS. I. P r o c e p s , Kbm. 7-9-04.

One, beaten from broom, at Barren Heath, Ipswich,

J ASSIDAE. ATHYSANUS. 1. B r e v i p e n n i s , Kbm. Lowestoft (Butler).—I swept it at Wherstead, in June, 1896. 2. Sordidus, Zeit. Fritton (Butler).—Aldeburgh (Tuck, Trans. Norf. Soc., 1902, p. 332).—Uncommon ; Foxhall, Southwold and Freston, in July. 3. G r i s e s c e n s , Zett. Lowestoft (Butler).—One, beaten from oak, in Staverton Thicks, 14-6-04. 4. C o m m u n i s , Sahl. Common at Ipswich, Bentley Woods, Foxhall, Wenhaston, Lavenham, etc. 5. O b s c u r e l l u s , Kbm. Abundant throughout the county, in August. 6. O b s o l e t u s , Kbm. Marshes, common on reeds and alder; Foxhall, Freston, Oulton Broad, Southwold ; the var. piceus occurs at Freston and Barren Heath. DELTOCEPHALUS. 1. P a s c u e l l u s , Fall. Fritton and Lowestoft (Butler). — Foxhall, Freston, and beneath Statice limonium at Southwold, in August. 2. Citrinellus, Kbm. Scarce ; Barham oak wood and Foxhall, singly.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

3. Ocellaris, Fall. Common at Foxhall, Freston, Brandon, Tuddenham Fen and on the banks of the Lark at Barton Mills. 4. Coronifer, Marsh. Lowestoft (Butler). 5. Fiori, Fieb. Apparently rare. I have only swept it in Dodnash and Freston Woods. 6. D i s t i n g u e n d u s , Flor. Fritton (Butler).—Probably common ; Foxhall, in September, 1895. 7. Sabulicola, Curt. Originally found at Lowestoft by Curtis, and again in 1891 by Mr. Butler. 8. Striatus, Linn. Very common in salt marshes and elsewhere ; Brandon, Tostock, Yoxford and Foxhall ; Wherstead, Lowestoft and Walberswick. 9. N o r m a n i , Scott. Taken at Fritton by Mr. Butler (Edwards).— Probably very common. 10. P u n c t u m , Flor. Lowestoft (Butler).—Common on dry grasses; Foxhall Plateau and Tuddenham Fen. ir. A r g u s , Marsh. Lowestoft (Butler). — In sand pits at Westleton, and abundant on heath grasses at Foxhall. 12. Pulicaris, Fall. Probably common ; roots of plants on Southwold Cliffs, in July ; Wherstead and Freston. ALLYGUS. I. M i x t u s , Fab. Not uncommon at Tostock (Tuck). — On oaks at Farnham, Foxhall, Freston, Dodnash and Bentley Woods. THAMNOTETTIX. 1. Dilutior, Kbm. Fritton (Butler).—Ipswich, Freston, Bentley Woods, Brandon, etc., on oaks and foxglove. 2. S u b f u s c u l a , Fall. Common at Bentley Woods, Freston and Foxhall. 3. T o r n e e l l a , Zett. Very rare ; beaten from birch in Bentley Woods, in May and June, 1902. 4. Splendidula, Fab. Taken at Tostock, in October, 1899 (Tuck). 5. Crocea, H. S. Tostock and Southwold (Tuck). — East Bergholt, Nacton, etc. ; common about Ipswich, in late autumn and spring. 6. A t t e n u a t a , Germ. Taken very commonly in the Foxhall Marshes, 23-9-04, by Mr. Elliott and myself. LIMOTETTIX. 1. A n t e n n a t a , Boh. Fritton (Butler).—Tostock, in September (Tuck). —Stowmarket, Bramford, Oulton Broad and Foxhall, common in autumn. 2. A u r a n t i p e s , Edw. Rare ; in the marshes at Foxhall and Bramford, in August, 1904 3. Quadrinotata, Fab. Tostock, in October (Tuck).—Woodbridge, Brandon, Barnby Broad, and common in autumn about Ipswich. 4. Sulphurella, Zett. Fritton (Butler). — Swept commonly among marsh herbage at Foxhall, Freston, Barnby Broad and Tuddenham Fen.

HEMIPTERA

S U F F O L K .27

CICADULA. S e p t e m n o t a t a , Fall. Uncommon; several at Freston on Spiraea and Tuddenham Fen, in 1904. F a s c i i f r o n s , Stal. Southwold (Edwards). — It occurs on Juncus arliculalus. S e x n o t a t a , Fall. Fritton (Butler).—Abundant on reeds, in September ; from Brandon to Claydon Bridge. GNATHODUS. P u n c t a t u s , Thunb. Rare ; beaten from fir trees in Bentley Woods in March, Foxhall Marshes in August.

TYPHLOCYBIDAE. ALEBRA. A l b o s t r i e l l a , Fall. Common ; Freston, Bentley Woods, Barham, Kentford, Tuddenham Fen, Foxhall and Brandon. DICRANEURA. F l a v i p e n n i s , Zett. Not uncommon at Ipswich and Claydon, an reeds, in September ; Tuddenham Fen and Barren Heath. V a r i a t a , Hardy. Lowestoft Denes (Newbery).—Very abundant; Levington Heath, Tuddenham Pen, Corton, Kentford, Nacton and Felixstowe. KYBOS. S m a r a g d u l u s , Fall. Not rare 011 sallow; Barnby Broad, Tuddenham Fen, Freston, Barren Heath, Foxhall and Beccles. CHLORITA. F l a v e s c e n s , Fab. I have only taken it at Southwold, in August, probably attracted to artificial light. Viridula, Fall. Wherstead, Ipswich gardens, and always abundant on Pinus sylvestris and Abies excelsa in Bentley Woods, in spring. EUPTERYX. V i t t a t u s , Linn. Somewhat common ; Freston, Wherstead, Foxhall, Barren Heath and Staverton Thicks. N o t a t u s , Curt. Apparently uncommon; swept at Blakenham in September, 1897, and Barham in July, 1904. U r t i c a e , Fab. Abundant on nettles throughout the Ipswich District; Staverton, Kessingland, Barnby Broad, etc.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

4. S t a c h y d e a r u m , Hard. On dumb-nettles by the Gipping at Ipswich, in May ; Wherstead, Freston, and on tansy at Bentley. 5. Collinus, Fior. Eriswell, Wherstead, Bentley Woods and Bramford, in May ; Burgh Castle, in August ; said to occur on Ballota nigra. 6. M e l i s s a e , Curt. Swept rarely from wild mint at Foxhall, 27-8-04. 7. A u r a t u s , Linn. Uncommon ; on nettles at Wherstead ; Kessingland Cliffs, Barren Heath and Bramford. 8. Atropunctata, Goeze. Abundant in autumn ; Tuddenham, Wherstead, Ipswich, Blakenham, etc. ; often in Ipswich gardens. 9. S i g n a t i p e n n i s , Boh. Local ; excessively abundant on leaves of Spiraea uhnaria in Cutler's Wood, Freston, from July to September. 10. Abrotani, Dougl. Abundant, on Artemisia maritima, in the Southwold salt marshes, 1-8-04. 11. P u l c h e l l u s , Fall Foxhall, Bentley Woods, Freston ; Burgh Castle, not uncommon on low plants, in August. 12. Concinna, Germ. Bentley Woods, Assington Thicks and Foxhall; uncommonly beaten from oak trees. TYPHLOCYBA. 1. S e x p u n c t a t a , Fall. Occasionally among debris, and on Abies excelsa in Bentley Woods, in February and March. 2. U l m i , Linn. Abundant on elm everywhere ; at first immaculate, in June. 3. T e n e r r i m a , H.S. Beaten from elm at Carlton Colville, and taken on banks of the Orwell at Ipswich, in 1904. 4. Aurovittata, Dougl. Beaten from alder, in September, at Foxhall and Freston. 5. D o u g l a s i , Edw. Found on pine trees in Bentley Woods, where there is no beech ; Barham, on beech ; Bramford and Foxhall. 6. Gratiosa, Boh. One, sitting on an old sallow, on Southwold Cliffs, in July, 1902. 7. R o s a e , Linn. Abundant on rose bushes in gardens, Tattingstone, etc. 8. Q u e r c u s , Fab. Not uncommon, by beating wayside oaks at 1 )ebach ; Carlton Colville and Bentley Woods. 9. N i t i d u l a , Fab. One, beaten from beech in a fir wood, at Foxhall, 10-9-04 10. G e o m e t r i c a , Schr. Several on alder in Cutler's Wood, Freston ; Wherstead, Barnby Broad and Foxhall. ZYGINA. 1. F l a m m i g e r a , Geoff. In a marshy wood at Wherstead, in May ; and on gorse, ivy and pine in Bentley Woods, in March. 2. H y p e r i c i , H. S. I found this species on Hypericum hirsutum at Dodnash Woods, in September, 1897. 3. Parvula, Boh. Hibernating among Carex paniculata at Foxhall, and swept from hedges at Bramford, in May. 4. Scutellaris, H. S. This has occurred to me with the last species during hibernation at Foxhall; on reeds at Oulton Broad.

HEMIPTERA

S U F F O L K .27

PSYLLINA. LIVIA. 1. J u n c o r u m , Latr. Rare; on rushes at Foxhall and Bramford, in August and September. 2. L i m b a t a , Wag. Tuddenbam Fen, Suffolk (cf. p. x ante). APHALARA. 1. Calthae, Linn. Bentley Woods, on pine trees, in March ; Wherstead and Foxhall Plateau, on grasses. 2. E x i l i s , Web. Probably common ; two swept at Foxhall, 23-9-04. PSYLLOPSIS. 1. F r a x i n i c o l a , Forst. Beaten abundantly from ash trees at Freston, Foxhall, Kessingland, Kentford and Tuddenham Fen. 2. F r a x i n i , Linn. Assington Thicks, in August ; common, on willows and ash, at Barham, in June, 1903, and July, 1904. PSYLLA. 1. Pruni, Scop. Singly; beaten from firs in Bentley Woods, in March; Barham and Southwold, 2. C o s t a l i s , Flnr. Beaten in the utmost profusion (with P. peregrina) from whitethorn on Foxhall Heath, 27-8-04. 3. Peregrina, Fórst. Abundantly beaten from trees about Ipswich ; swarming on whitethorn at Foxhall ; in Lowestoft town. 4. Mali, Schbdg. Beaten from mountain ash in Bentley Woods, where crab-apple is common. 5. V i s c i , Curt. This I bred the middle of May from pupae found on the Misseltoe at Rougham by Mr. Ralph Bennet (Curtis). — Cf. also E.M.M., 1876, p. 40. Mistletoe is very local in Suffolk. 6. M e l a n o n e u r a , Fôrst. One, beaten from ivy in hawthorn hedge, Foxhall Heath, 19-3-04 (Chitty). 7. P i n e t i , Fior. Several on fir trees in Bentley Woods in March, and Foxhall, in July. 8. S a l i c i c o l a , Forst. Abundant on sallow in Tuddenham Fen ; Barn by Broad, Corton and Bentley Woods. 9. F ò r s t e r i , Fior. Bury, in 1903 (Tuck).-—-On alder; Assington Thicks and Brandon ; abundant at Freston, Foxhall, Wherstead and Barnby Broad. 10. Alni, Linn. Lowestoft (Butler). — Barton Mills, and common at Brandon, on alder ; Wherstead, Freston and Foxhall. H . B u x i , Linn. Monks' Soham, in September, and not uncommonly in Shrubland Park, in August, on Buxus sempervirens. 12. Spartii, Guer. In the utmost profusion on broom, at Brandon in June.

HEMIPTERA

SUFFOLK.

ARYTAENA. i. G e n i s t a e , Latr. Abundant on gorse at Brandon, Dodnash Woods, Bentley Woods, Sproughton, etc. TRIOZA. U r t i c a e , Litin. Abundant on nettles everywhere ; also found on aider and maple, in October. Galii, Fรณrst. A doubtful specimen in moss from Bentley Woods, in May. R e m o t a , First. Several doubtful specimens swept in a marshy wood at Bramford in late autumn, and Bentley Woods in spring. 4- Crithmi, Low. Many somewhat immature and consequently doubtful specimens beneath Crithmum maritimum in Southwold sait marshes, 1-8-04.

HEMIPTERA

COMPARATIVE GROUPS.

Britain.

S U F F O L K .27

TABLE. Norfolk, 1904.

Suffolk, 1904

F.ssex, 1902.

PENTATOMIDAE

COREIDAE

BERYTIDAE

LYGAEIDAE

TINGIDIDAE

HYDROMETRIDAE

REDUVIIDAE

SALDIDAE

165

131

124

CLMICIDAE CAPSIDAE CRYPTOCERATA

...

H E T E R O P T E R A

...

CICADIDAE

296

431

222

281

DELPHACIDAE

CERCOPIDAE

BYTHOSCOPIDAE . . .

ACOCEPHALIDAE . . .

JASSIDAE...

TYPHLOCYBIDAE . . .

PSYLLINA

5°

3°

H O M O P T E R A

TOTAL

5 2

2 1

236

162

752

532

443

—

48 270*

This is the fourth Order of the Suffolk insects monographed ; " Th Lepidoptera of Suffolk " appeared in 1890, with Addenda in 1900 ; " Th Coleóptera of Suffolk" in 1899 aijd " T h e Hymenoptera of Suffolk Aculeata " a little later. I have in course of preparation catalogues of th Díptera, Neuroptera, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera-Terebrantia, Anoplura Aphidae and Coccidae of Suffolk, and shall be extremely pleased to receiv any records—no matter how common the insects or how scant the list— from any observer in the county, pro bono publico Suffolcie?isis, at THE

HILL

HOUSE,

M O N K S ' SOHAM,

SUFFOLK.

» Mr. Harwood informs me (in lit., 13 Feb., 1905) that thirty Essex spp. are now added to this total.